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Victor Schmieden (born January 19, 1874 in Berlin , † October 11, 1945 in Lichtenberg im Odenwald ) was a German surgeon and university professor.

family

Victor Gottfried Otto Schmieden was born as the son of the secret building councilor Dr.-Ing. E. h. Heino Schmieden and his wife Elise geb. Meyer born. The Gewandhaus Leipzig and the Völkerkundemuseum Berlin are among the father's most famous buildings .

Schmieden married Wanda Saenger on March 14, 1904 , with whom he had three children, Johanna (1905), Gerhard (1907) and Heino (1909).

Life

After graduating from the Joachimsthal Gymnasium in 1892 , Schmieden studied at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg , the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin and the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University in Bonn . In Freiburg he joined the Corps Rhenania in 1893 . In 1900 he also became a member of the Corps Guestphalia Bonn . With a dissertation on gastric surgery, he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD .

In 1903 he completed his habilitation with a thesis on carcinoma . In 1907 he moved to the Charité with his mentor August Bier . There he was appointed associate professor in 1908. Schmieden became professor for surgery at the Friedrichs University in Halle in 1913 . In 1916 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . During the First World War , Schmieden served as a medical officer for the medical officer . Mostly on the Western Front (First World War) . Schmieden processed his experiences in his 1917 textbook on war surgery.

At the end of 1919 Schmieden returned to his chair in Halle, where he became the Dean of the Medical Faculty. He declined calls from the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg and the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg . On October 1, 1919, he followed the call of the University of Frankfurt am Main . In the following years he set up numerous special departments, such as a department for bone tuberculosis in 1921 , the X-ray diagnostic clinic in 1929 and the trauma surgery clinic in 1931 . In 1939 the neurosurgical clinic was attached to the surgical university clinic.

In 1927/28 and 1938/39 Schmieden was Dean of the Medical Faculty. In 1928 a patient von Schmieden, August Scheidel , established the Scheidel Foundation with a capital of 1 million Reichsmarks. Forging, which since 1932 NSDAP had chosen was for the " seizure " of the Nazis in 1933 supporting member of the SS . In the same year he was appointed vice dean of Frankfurt University. Schmieden was one of the people responsible for bringing the medical associations into line. In 1937 he became a member of the NSDAP . During the Second World War he was appointed doctor general. In 1944, on the occasion of his 70th birthday, Adolf Hitler awarded him the Goethe Medal for Art and Science .

With Ferdinand Sauerbruch , Schmieden published a "Surgical Operations Guide" in 1933. He was co-editor of the Central Sheet for Surgery . An intestinal suture is named after him during operations in visceral surgery , in which the outer wall of the intestine, which is covered by the peritoneum , is turned inside.

From 1919 to 1945 he was an advisory surgeon in the Reichswehr and the Wehrmacht .

Honors

From 1988 onwards, part of Vogelweidstrasse near Frankfurt University Hospital was called Victor-Schmieden-Strasse . After intense public discussion, it was renamed Straßheimstrasse after the rose breeder Conrad Peter Straßheim (1850–1923) .

Fonts

  • The injuries of the spine , Stuttgart: Enke, 1943, 2. durchges. Ed.
  • Surgical treatment of colon carcinoma , Berlin: J. Springer, 1940
  • Textbook of war surgery , Leipzig: JA Barth, 1937, 3rd completely redesigned. Ed.
  • The surgical operation course , Leipzig: JA Barth, 1919, 6th, unchanged. Ed.

literature

  • Gerhard Wilhelm Lotz: The surgeon Victor Schmieden (1874-1945): his life a. his contributions to the surgical treatment of perforating abdominal shots during the war, to surgery of the pericardium and to the therapy of acute pancreatic necrosis , Frankfurt am Main (dissertation) 1978.
  • M. Sachs, A. Encke: Victor Schmieden (1874–1945) and his contribution to the development of modern surgery . Zentralblatt für Chirurgie 122 (1997), pp. 597-609.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Death register of the Lichtenberg registry office No. 4/1945.
  2. Kösener Corpslisten 1930, 35/572; 12/679
  3. Member entry of Viktor Schmieden at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 23, 2016.
  4. a b c d Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , p. 547.