Richard von Volkmann

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Richard von Volkmann, ca.1880

Richard Volkmann , von Volkmann since 1885 , also pseudonymized Richard (von Volkmann-) Leander (born August 17, 1830 in Leipzig , † November 28, 1889 in Jena ) was a German surgeon and university professor as well as a poet and fairy tale writer. He held the title of Privy Medical Councilor and was a first- class doctor general .

Life

Volkmann as a corps student (1851)

Richard Volkmann was born as the second of twelve children of the physiologist and anatomist Alfred Wilhelm Volkmann and his wife Adele, née Härtel , and attended the Princely School in Grimma from 1845 to 1851. From 1850, according to his father's wishes, he studied medicine at the Friedrichs University in Halle , the Hessian Ludwig University in Gießen and the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin , where he - like all Prussian doctors - passed the state examination in 1854 and was awarded a Dr. med. received his doctorate . In Halle he joined the fraternity in Fürstenthal in 1849/50 . In 1851 he became a member of the Corps Starkenburgia and the Corps Marchia Halle .

He took up an assistant position with Ernst Blasius at the old surgical university clinic on Domplatz in Halle and completed his habilitation in 1857. During a long illness of Blasius, he represented him in the management of the clinic. Because of the increasing tensions with the returned Blasius, Volkmann left the clinic and the faculty of the university and settled in Halle as a practical surgeon. In 1863 Volkmann returned to the university as an associate professor .

He took part in the war against Austria in 1866 as chief physician at the Trautenau military hospital in Bohemia . In 1867, Volkmann was appointed professor of surgery and head of the surgical university clinic. During the war against France in 1870/71 he was employed as a consulting general physician in the IV Army Corps , later on the Maas and in the Southern Army . During the war he contracted syphilis , which led to tabes dorsalis .

1885 by Prussian King I. Wilhelm ennobled , he died four years later at a pneumonia . His grave is in the town of Halle .

Richard von Volkmann was married and had seven children. He had red hair and blue eyes.

Surgeon and professor

Volkmann is one of the most important surgeons of the 19th century. He developed new methods for resecting the joints, operating complex hernias, and surgery and orthopedics of the spine and extremities. He was the first German doctor to introduce antiseptic wound treatment with carbol (after Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister ), which made the chances of survival during operations skyrocket and abdominal surgery in the true sense of the word was only possible. Volkmann self-developed procedure for resection of rectal cancer.

Are named after him

  • the Volkmann triangle (with ankle fracture: anterior and posterior V.-D.),
  • a sharp spoon (also Volkmann spoon or sharp spoon (after) Volkmann),
  • the Volkmann canals (histological feature of the substantia compacta of lamellar bones),
  • the Volkmann splint (leg splint) and
  • the Volkmann bench, a pre-form of today's rollator .

He turned down calls from the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin , the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität , the Silesian Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität , the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg and the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , not least because he designed the new building of the surgical university clinic in Halle himself and furnished it according to his ideas. Volkmann was one of the founders of the German Society for Surgery in 1872 and was its chairman for many years.

Medical writings

  • 1865 diseases of the locomotor organs
  • 1875 contributions to surgery

Literary works

Von Volkmann, in whose house artists like Wilhelm von Kügelgen and Robert and Clara Schumann also frequented, published his literary works under the pseudonym Richard Leander . While his occasional writings such as poems, songs and stories are largely forgotten today, the fairy tale Dreams at French Chimneys , written during the war in 1870/71, became a great literary success with more than 300 editions.

  • 1871 Daydreams at French chimneys (fairy tales)
  • 1876 ​​From the boys' time (poetry)
  • 1878 poems
  • 1885 Little stories
  • 1889 Old and new troubadour songs

In the German poetry published by Karl Emil Franzos in 1887 , a critic expresses himself enthusiastically about the daydreams :

“A first work, the first product of a man whose hand has hitherto only led the knife and pen to the writing of surgical specialist publications - and what accuracy of style, what artistic smoothness, what finely balanced delicacy or power of coloring! Everything ready, round, safe, sometimes at most a word too little, but never one too many, content and form so completely match that the critical eye can hardly separate the garment and the body. "

- NN

fairy tale

  • The artificial organ
  • Gold daughter
  • From the invisible kingdoms (the opera Der Traumgörge by Alexander Zemlinsky is based on this )
  • How the devil fell into holy water
  • The rusty knight
  • About the queen who couldn't bake ginger nuts and the king who couldn't play hummingbirds
  • The wishing ring
  • The three sisters with the glass hearts
  • Sepp on the open air
  • Heino in the swamp
  • Unlucky and lucky child
  • The old women mill
  • The rattle stork fairy tale
  • How Christof and Bärbel always wished to get past each other
  • The dream beech
  • The little hunchbacked girl
  • The little bird
  • The heavenly music
  • Little Mohr and the Gold Princess
  • Of heaven and hell
  • The old suitcase

honors and awards

monument

Honor roll for Richard von Volkmann in the St. Augustin Grimma high school (in the passage of the main portal)

The Rome- based sculptor Artur Volkmann , a nephew of Richard von Volkmann, created a marble seat image of the well-known doctor and poet, which was ceremoniously unveiled on August 1, 1894 in Halle (Saale) in front of the Surgical University Clinic on Magdeburger Strasse.

medal

The Central German Surgeons Association awards the Volkmann Medal to distinguished surgeons every year.

literature

  • Klaus-Peter Wenzel: 200 years of university surgery in Halle an der Saale (1811–2011). Projects Verlag Cornelius, Halle 2011, ISBN 978-386237-278-2 .
  • Fedor Krause : In memory of Richard von Volkmann (Richard Leander). Hirschwald, Berlin 1890.
  • Richard von Volkmann-Leander: From the invisible kingdom. Fairy tale. With drawings by Ernst Cincera. Stocker-Schmid, Dietikon-Zurich 1958.
  • Ute Söll: Life and work of the Halle surgeon Richard von Volkmann. Univ. Dissertation, Halle 1996.
  • Simone Trieder : Richard von Volkmann - surgeon and man of letters. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 2006, ISBN 3-89812-353-7 .
  • Richard von Volkmann-Leander: Daydreams at French chimneys. Fairy tale. Literary tradition in the WFB publishing group, Bad Schwartau 2006, ISBN 3-86672-055-6 ( literary tradition ).
  • Bernd Gay: Richard von Volkmann-Leander - surgeon and poet. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 18, 1999, pp. 9-13.
  • Florian Steger , Maximilian Schochow: Volkmann's sharp spoon and Leander's fairy tales. In: Achim Lipp, Jürgen Lasch (Ed.): Hallesche Heroes der Heilkunst. (= Edition Templar Chapel. Volume 2). 2nd Edition. Freunde Templerhof Gut Müuellen eV, 2015, ISBN 978-3-86977-062-8 , pp. 114–135.

Web links

Commons : Richard von Volkmann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Richard von Volkmann  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 705-707.
  2. ↑ Kösener Corps lists 1910, 57 , 229; 99 , 211
  3. ↑ Habilitation thesis: Remarks on some tumors to be separated from cancer
  4. ↑ Simone Trieder: Richard von Volkmann-Leander, surgeon and man of letters. Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle 2006, ISBN 3-89812-353-7 , pp. 132f.
  5. ↑ Ernst Gurlt :  Volkmann-Leander, Richard von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 40, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 238-240.
  6. ↑ a b Wenzel (2011)
  7. ^ Pschyrembel Online. Retrieved April 13, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Daydreams at French chimneys. Fairy tale. Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1871 - The fairy tales were and are published by numerous publishers.
  9. ↑ Member entry of Richard von Volkmann (with picture) at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 18, 2016.
  10. ↑ The Volkmann Medal on the website of the Central German Surgeons Association . Retrieved April 16, 2011


personal data
SURNAME Volkmann, Richard von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Leander, Richard (literary pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon and fairytale poet
DATE OF BIRTH 17th August 1830
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH November 28, 1889
Place of death Jena