Fedor Krause

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Fedor Krause (* 10. March 1857 in Friedland , district Waldenburg , district Breslau , † 20th September 1937 in Bad Gastein ) was a German neurosurgeon . Krause is considered to be the founder of modern neurosurgery, the surgical techniques of which are in part still fundamental today in operations on the frontal lobe , the ganglion gasseri or in the area of ​​the optic nerve junction ( chiasma opticum ). The Fedor Krause Medal of the German Society for Neurosurgery , which is awarded annually for internationally significant progress in the field, is named after him.

Life

Krause grew up in the Silesian Friedland, where he attended elementary school and finally high school in Glatz and Berlin . In Berlin he began studying music at the conservatory in 1873 , which he continued after graduating from high school in 1875 and beginning his medical studies. He majored in medicine at the universities of Berlin, Halle and Frankfurt (Main) and was awarded a Dr. med. PhD at Berlin University .

After working as a volunteer and assistant in Berlin in 1883 he took on a position as a medical assistant with Richard von Volkmann at the surgical university clinic in Halle (Saale), where he dealt with the surgery of malignant neuromas (malignant tumors of the nervous system) and was dealt with this topic in 1887 for habilitation in surgery .

After Richard von Volkmann's death in 1889, Krause was appointed associate professor for surgery, but at the same time asked to leave the university. From 1890 to 1892 he was a pathologist at the Senckenberg Institute in Frankfurt am Main and from 1892 to 1900 senior physician at the Altona City Hospital . Here he developed his outstanding surgical techniques for the surgery of brain tumors but also for plastic-reconstructive facial surgery of so-called sessile skin flaps, i.e. H. the grafting of large areas of skin to cover larger defects after accidents or tumor diseases. He became known for a new surgical approach in the area of ​​the intradural chiasm region, which he used for the first time to remove a pistol bullet. He dealt with surgery on the cranial nerves , spinal cord and brain. In operation of tumors in the posterior fossa , he developed a new technique for surgery on the trigeminal ganglion (ganglion) for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia , which according to him as "Kraus ash operation" , later in the modification of Frank Hartley as Hartley-Krause operation named is. He was also influential through his 1908 textbook on neurosurgery.

In 1900 Krause took over a position as chief physician in the surgical department of the Augusta Hospital in Berlin. In 1901 he was appointed associate professor at the University of Berlin. During the First World War he took on tasks as a consulting surgeon , because gunshot wounds to the head with involvement of the brain in particular were not surgically addressed by the military doctors. From 1930 he belonged to the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . Krause retired in 1931 and spent the evening of his life in Rome , where he devoted himself to his musical and artistic inclinations.

After Peter Röttgen , he was the first to operate on a lumbar disc herniation , but misunderstood it as an enchondroma .

Fedor Krause died in Bad Gastein in 1937 at the age of 80. He was buried in the Krause family grave, which was laid out in 1897 at the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Cemetery in Berlin-Charlottenburg (today's Westend district ). The triaxial wall grave with columnar aedicula and lattice surround has been preserved.

Works

  • On the use of large, sessile skin flaps for plastic purposes , 1896
  • Surgery of the brain and spinal cord based on personal experience , 2 volumes, Vienna, Berlin, Urban and Schwarzenberg 1908, 1911 (also translated into English and French)
  • Surgical operation theory of the head , 2 volumes, Berlin 1912 and 1914
  • The general surgery of brain diseases , together with K. Heymann, 2 volumes, Berlin 1914
  • Tuberculosis of the Bones and Joints , 1891 (translated into English)
  • Textbook of surgical operations , Berlin 1912–1914 (translated into English, Russian and Spanish)

literature

Web links

Commons : Fedor Krause  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Stürzbecher:  Krause, Fedor. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 700 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Member entry by Krause, Fedor at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 30, 2012.
  3. ^ Röttgen: Neurosurgery. In: HW Schreiber, G. Carstensen (Hrsg.): Surgery in the course of time 1945-1983. Springer, 1983, p. 148
  4. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 476.
personal data
SURNAME Krause, Fedor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German neurosurgeon
DATE OF BIRTH March 10, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH Friedland , Waldenburg (Schles) district
DATE OF DEATH September 20, 1937
Place of death Bad Gastein