conservatory
Conservatory ( Italian conservatorio , from Latin conservare 'preserve') is an institution for the training of musicians and music teachers .
Conservatories at university level are often called universities of music in Germany , while in Switzerland they are called conservatories, music universities or academies. In Austria, the state-recognized professional training for musicians takes place at universities for music and performing arts, private universities and conservatories with public rights . State-recognized diplomas can be obtained at conservatories.
history
The term originally stood for the orphanages (children's homes ) in Naples and later all of Italy. In the 16th century there were four of them, which were assigned to different churches. Not only boys, but also girls in the conservatoires received singing lessons from the best composers in town (although women were forbidden to sing in churches at that time). They were the first professional singers . So the name passed over to musical training over time.
Important conservatories emerged at the end of the 18th century and especially in the 19th century in Paris (1795), Prague (1811), Vienna (1819), Leipzig (1843), Munich (1846), Berlin (1850), Cologne (1850) , Dresden (1856), Stuttgart (1857), Frankfurt (1878) and Saint Petersburg (1862).
Today a conservatory is a university-like training facility for all branches of musical professional and lay training.
National
Austria
Conservatory school type |
|
---|---|
Country | Austria |
ISCED level | 4B |
Classification (national) | Other vocational school (statute) / music schools and conservatories (29.5–3903) |
School board | Federal states , other school bodies |
requirement | talent |
Duration | Depending on ability, levels : - (15th, attendance outside of regular school hours) Regular age from 15 |
Graduation | Other final examination ( professional diploma ) |
Special shape | Church Music Conservatory (3903) |
partly also degree programs and master classes (ISCED 5B) | |
|
The Conservatory is in Austria of school to train as a professional musician or preparing for a music teacher .
The Conservatory offers in-depth, comprehensive training in mastering a musical instrument and singing , as well as the arts related to music (such as musical theater , dance ), as well as musicological and music theoretical content.
Conservatories build on training in a music school , as a regular school with a musical focus or as a secondary music school in the narrower sense. In particular, the Austrian curriculum ( KOMU curriculum) developed for the music schools run by the music school works also serves as preparation for a visit to the conservatory.
Conservatories and Conservatory for Church Music are school types ( curricula ) of the school type music schools and conservatories within the school category Other Vocational School (Statute) (SBS), are formally the 15th grade (0th grade, final grade 15, ISCED level 4B post-secondary , curriculum code 3903 or 3902).
The educational qualification is a professional qualification ( professional diploma ). This is a general requirement for professional entry into an orchestra or other ensemble, or attending a master class .
For students who attend a conservatory, i.e. who learn music intensively, there is also the special form of the upper level secondary school for music students , which complements the general education degree and the higher education entrance qualification ( Matura ) for the beginning of a university degree in the musical subject (concert subject or teaching profession) . These are run as branches of high schools in collaboration with local conservatories.
The public conservatories are maintained by the federal states (Landeskonservatorium) ; there are also a number of private schools from other school bodies with public rights.
With the professionalization of the teaching profession (requirement of a university degree for all apprenticeship professions ), a professional qualification in the pedagogical subject can no longer be achieved at the conservatory (as a school type). For this reason, many conservatories now also offer courses and are therefore already part of the higher education sector. Such studies include, for example, composition, conducting, dance, acting, or musical theater.
List of conservatories and conservatoires
Belgium
- Royal Conservatory of Brussels
- Institut Jaques-Dalcroze de Belgique
- Royal Conservatory of Liège
- Antwerp Royal Conservatory
- Royal Conservatory of Mons
- Lemmensinstituut (Löwen)
- IMEP (Namur)
Bulgaria
- National Music Academy "Prof. Pantscho Wladigerow " (also known as the State Conservatory)
Denmark
- Royal Danish Conservatory of Music Copenhagen
- Aarhus State University of Music
- Odense State University of Music
- Aalborg State University of Music
- Esbjerg State University of Music
- Copenhagen School of Rhythmic Music
Germany
France
Georgia
Greece
The main conservatories in the country are the Athens Conservatory and the National Conservatory, with branches across the country. There are also numerous other conservatories on the Ionian Islands that are known as the Ionian School . See also: Greek Conservatory .
Italy
There are a total of 57 conservatories in Italy, including music schools on an equal footing with them.
- see also Ospedali Grandi in Venice
Kazakhstan
Latvia
Lithuania
- Kaunas Conservatory ( Kaunas )
- Klaipėda Conservatory ( Klaipėda )
- Šiauliai Conservatory ( Šiauliai )
- Panevėžys Conservatory ( Panevėžys )
- Vilnius Conservatory ( Vilnius )
Mexico
- Conservatorio Nacional de Música ( Mexico City ) (Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes)
- Escuela Nacional de Música ( Mexico City ) ( Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México )
- Escuela Superior de Música ( Mexico City ) (Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes)
- Escuela Superior de Música y Danza de Monterrey ( Monterrey )
- Facultad de Música ( Xalapa ) ( Universidad Veracruzana )
Netherlands
- ArtEZ Conservatory ( Arnheim / Zwolle / Enschede )
- Haarlem Conservatory ( Haarlem )
- Conservatorium van Amsterdam ( Amsterdam )
- Maastricht Conservatory ( Maastricht )
- Fontys Conservatory ( Tilburg )
- Koninklijk Conservatorium ( The Hague )
- Prins Claus Conservatory ( Groningen )
- Rotterdam Conservatory ( Rotterdam )
- Utrecht Conservatory ( Utrecht )
Austria
Poland
- Karol Lipiński Music Academy in Wroclaw
- Feliks Nowowiejski Music Academy Bydgoszcz
- Stanisław Moniuszko Music Academy Gdansk
- Karol Szymanowski Academy of Music in Katowice
- Krakow Music Academy
- Grażyna and Kiejstut Bacewicz Music Academy Łódź
- Ignacy Jan Paderewski Music Academy in Poznan
- Frédéric Chopin University of Music Warsaw
Portugal
- Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa (State University of Music at the IPL )
Romania
Russia
A total of 13 conservatories (as of 2019): in Astrakhan , Ekaterinburg , Kazan , Magnitogorsk , Moscow , Nizhny Novgorod , Novosibirsk , Petrozavodsk , Rostov-on-Don , Saint Petersburg , Saratov , Tolyatti and Volgograd . The most important are:
Switzerland
- Conservatoire de Lausanne
- Music Academy of the City of Basel
- Music School Bern Conservatory
- Bern University of the Arts
- Freiburg Conservatory in Üechtland
- Zurich Conservatory of Classical and Jazz
Sweden
Spain
- Real Conservatorio Superior de Música de Madrid
- Escola Superior de Musica de Barcelona
- Conservatorio Superior de Musica de Zaragoza
- Conservatorio Superior de Musica de Salamanca
- Conservatorio Superior de Música de Ovliedo
- Escuela Superior de Música Reina Sofía
- Real Conservatorio Superior de Música de Málaga
- Conservatorio Superior de Música de Alicante
Czech Republic
- Prague Conservatory
- Konzervatoř Jaroslava Ježka
- Brno concert hall
- Konzervatoř Pardubice
- Janáčkova konzervatoř a Gymnázium v Ostravě
- Taneční centrum Praha
- Konzervatoř České Budějovice
- Konzervatoř Plzeň
- Konzervatoř Teplice
- Pěvecká konzervatoř Praha
- Taneční konzervatoř v Praze
- Konzervatoř PJ Vejvanovského Kroměříž
- Konzervatoř Evangelické academy
- Církevní konzervatoř Opava
- Mezinárodní konzervatoř Praha
United Kingdom
- Royal Academy of Music , member of the University of London
- Trinity College of Music , London
- Guildhall School of Music and Drama, London
- Birmingham: Birmingham Conservatoire
Ukraine
- National Music Academy of Ukraine Peter Tchaikovsky
- National Music Academy Lviv Mykola Lysenko
- National Academy of Music Odessa Antonina Nezhdanova
- Dnipropetrovsk Conservatory Mikhail Glinka
- Donetsk State Music Academy Sergei Prokofiev
United States
- New England Conservatory of Music
- Boston University College of Fine Arts
- Cleveland Institute of Music
- Curtis Institute of Music
- The Juilliard School
- Berklee College of Music
People's Republic of China
Egypt
The Cairo Conservatory, Academy of Arts, Cairo
See also
In Germany, some music schools serving lay education also have the word Conservatory in their name; see conservatories without professional qualifications .
literature
- Andreas Dorschel : The idea of the conservatory . In: Laurenz Lütteken (Ed.): Mendelssohns worlds . Bärenreiter, Kassel - Basel - London 2010, ISBN 978-3-7618-2152-7 , pp. 89-108.
- Elisabeth Th. Hilscher-Fritz: Conservatory. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 3, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-7001-3045-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Federal Ministry for Education, Art and Culture, Department V / 1 - Education Statistics, Documentation, IT Administration Applications (Ed.): School Form System . Index of key figures for school types in the Austrian school system. 2012, p. 99 ( link to the current version , bmukk.gv.at, pdf).
- ↑ curriculum , komu.at
- ↑ a b Conservatories ( Memento of the original from March 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , musikbildung.at