Tolyatti

This article deals with the city of Tolyatti. For the former General Secretary of the Italian Communist Party and namesake of the city, see Palmiro Togliatti .

city Tolyatti Tolyatti flag coat of arms Federal district Volga Oblast Samara Urban district Tolyatti mayor Sergei Andreyev Founded 1737 Earlier names Stavropol (1737–1964) City since 1780 surface 315  km² population 719,632 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 2285 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 90  m Time zone UTC + 4 Telephone code (+7) 8482 Post Code 445xxx License Plate 63, 163 OKATO 36 440 Website portal.tgl.ru Geographical location Coordinates 53 ° 29 '  N , 49 ° 31'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 29 '0 "  N , 49 ° 31' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Samara Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Tolyatti ( Russian Тольятти ( pronunciation ^{? / I} ), also Togliatti due to its patron saint ; until 1964 Ставрополь-Волжский Stavropol-Wolschskij ) is a city in Russia in Samara Oblast . With 719,632 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010), it is the second largest and most important city in the oblast after the regional capital Samara . Tolyatti is best known for the Lada factories there.

location

Tolyatti is located about 800 kilometers as the crow flies southeast of Moscow on the left (eastern) bank of a loop of the Volga . The Volga is dammed up here by a dam, the reservoir (north-south extension about 200 km) is also known as the "small sea". On the right bank of the Volga are Shiguljowsk and the Shiguli Mountains , a mountain range made of sand-lime brick, some of which are protected by the Samarskaya Luka National Park . This part of the Volga region is also called the "Pearl of Russia" because of its scenic beauty.

The city is divided into three separate parts:

• the old town, also called Zentralny or Stary Gorod. The town hall and the central town hall are located here. This urban area has the charm of the early 1960s.
• the New Town, also called Avtosavodski or Nowy Gorod. It was built at the same time as the Lada plant to house the Lada workers and is designed in the style of the late 1960s. On the Volgaufer there is a landing stage for tour boats and passenger ferries that go to the opposite bank of the Schiguli.
• Komsomolski, the oldest and smallest district that was founded to accommodate the dam construction workers as well as the residents of the flooded urban areas. The dam, the inland port of Tolyatti and the lock are located here.

The so-called green zone, a pine forest that is under landscape protection, lies between these districts.

history

The house of the city duma of Tolyatti

In 1737 the city was founded by Vasily Tatishchev as a settlement for Christianized Kalmyks following a decree by Tsarina Anna . In 1955, after the construction work for the Volga hydropower plant was completed, most of the historic old town sank in the Volga floods. The city was rebuilt on the left bank of the Volga.

Originally the city was called Stavropol ( Stavropol-Wolschskij , Ставрополь-Волжский ; not to be confused with Stavropol , capital of the region of the same name in southern Russia). The name was changed to Tolyatti (transcription of the Cyrillic spelling) in 1964 in honor of the Italian communist Palmiro Togliatti . He lived in exile in the Soviet Union during the fascist dictatorship of Italy and was general secretary of the Communist Party of Italy (PCI) and a leading representative of the international communist movement after the war . Ironically, he'd been involved in strikes in the 1920s that nearly bankrupted the same Fiat company that was now becoming so important to the city.

The economic role of the city had grown enormously with the construction of the AwtoWAS works by Fiat from 1966.

In the 1990s and 2000s, the city experienced a wave of organized crime as well as numerous mafia wars around the control of AwtoWAS and was considered one of the cities in Russia with the highest crime rate. In 2000, first the director and then the editor-in-chief of the local television station Lada-TV were killed. In 2002 the editor-in-chief of the weekly Tolyattinskoje Obosrenije was murdered, in 2003 his successor. In 2006 the head of Avtowasenergo, Alexander Samoilenko , was shot dead in the street.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	5,969
1939	9,345
1959	61,281
1970	250,853
1979	502.036
1989	630,543
2002	702.879
2010	719.632

Note: census data

economy

AwtoWAS headquarters in Tolyatti

Tolyatti is a large industrial center. The best known is the AwtoWAS car plant ("Lada"), the largest car factory in Russia. Further economic focuses are mechanical engineering, the chemical and food industries. The Samara / Tolyatti region is considered to be one of the most economically developed areas in Russia and has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the Russian Federation. At the level of the Komsomolski district there is a dam whose power station supplies the region with electricity. Shipping traffic on the Volga is not very developed during the summer months (two barges per hour). On the opposite side of the Shiguli, limestone is quarried and cement is produced.

The largest companies in Tolyatti are AvtoVAZ, GM-AvtoVAZ , Kuibyshevazot , Togliattiasot and Togliatti Transformator . Of foreign companies have there Edscha and Otto Bock (Germany); Valeo and Faurecia (France) as well as CIE Automotive and Gestamp (Spain) locations.

traffic

Tolyatti is connected to the Russian capital Moscow via the M5 federal trunk road .

Education, culture and sport

Domes of the Transfiguration Cathedral in Tolyatti

The Assumption Church

There are six universities or colleges in the city, several museums, a philharmonic hall, theaters of various styles and palaces of culture.

Tolyatti has also made a name for itself as a sports city. The Hockey club HK Lada Tolyatti participates in the game operation of the Continental Hockey League in part, plays its home games in the 6,122-seater ice rink Lada Arena and won the Ice Hockey European Cup in 1996 and the IIHF Continental Cup 2005/06 . The city is also home to the FK Lada Tolyatti football club and the GK Lada Tolyatti handball team .

The Mega-Lada sports club is one of the top clubs in the Russian speedway profile league. In the Anatoly Stepanov Stadium in Tolyatti, important international races in the speedway and ice speedway have already taken place, such as finals for the European speedway championship and world championship finals in the ice speedway.

media

The city is the seat of the regional television station Lada-TV and the independent weekly newspaper Tolyattinskoje Obosrenije .

Town twinning

Tolyatti lists the following twin cities :

• Wolfsburg , Germany , since 1991
• Flint , United States , since 1992
• Kazanlak , Bulgaria , since 1995
• Luoyang , People's Republic of China , since 2000
• Piacenza , Italy , since 2014

sons and daughters of the town

→ Main article : List of personalities of the city of Tolyatti

The most famous sons and daughters of the city of Tolyatti include the following personalities:

• Alexei Kovaljow (* 1973), ice hockey player
• Alexei Smirnow (* 1977), table tennis player
• Yuri Buzayev (* 1978), ice hockey player
• Ilja Brysgalow (* 1980), ice hockey goalkeeper
• Wladimir Malenkich (* 1980), ice hockey player
• Alexei Schindin (* 1981), handball player
• Alexander Chernikov (* 1984), ice hockey player
• Alexei Jemelin (* 1986), ice hockey player
• Anton Kryssanow (* 1987), ice hockey player
• Jekaterina Gaiduk (* 1989), handball player
• Vyacheslav Kuznetsov (* 1989), road cyclist
• Olga Gorschenina (* 1990), handball player
• Jekaterina Iljina (* 1991), handball player
• Alexander Derewen (* 1992), handball player
• Kira Trussowa (* 1994), handball player
• Jana Berezko-Marggrander (* 1995), German rhythmic gymnast
• Darja Dmitrijewa (* 1995), handball player
• Denis Gurjanow (born 1997), ice hockey player
• Darja Kassatkina (* 1997), tennis player
• Jelena Michailitschenko (* 2001), handball player

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ The Lada: Cult Mobile of the Soviet Union , RBTH, August 4, 2017

Web links

Commons : Tolyatti  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the city administration (Russian)
• Information portal "Who is who in Tolyatti" (Russian)
• Information portal (russ.)
• Information portal (German)