Kuibyshev reservoir

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Kuibyshev reservoir
Volga near Ulyanovsk
Volga near Ulyanovsk
Location: Samara Oblast , Ulyanovsk Oblast , Tatarstan ( Russia )
Tributaries: Volga , Kama , Myosha , Sai
Drain: Volga
Larger cities on the shore: Kazan , Tolyatti
Kuibyshev Reservoir (Volga Federal District)
Kuibyshev reservoir
Coordinates 55 ° 16 '17 "  N , 49 ° 33' 32"  E Coordinates: 55 ° 16 '17 "  N , 49 ° 33' 32"  E
Data on the structure
Construction time: 1950-1955
Building volume: 169 million m³
Crown length: 3781 m
Power plant output: 2315 MW
Data on the reservoir
Altitude (at congestion destination ) 53  m
Water surface 6450 km²dep1
Storage space 58,000 million m³
Catchment area 1,210,000 km²

The Kuibyshev reservoir ( Russian Куйбышевское водохранилище / Kuibyshevskoje vodochranilishche ) is a reservoir on the Volga in the European part of Russia . It is part of the so-called Volga-Kama Cascade . Sometimes the lake is now also called the Samara Reservoir (Russian Самарское водохранилище / Samarskoje wodochranilishche ); In contrast to the city of Samara and the Samara Oblast , however, it was not officially renamed from Kuibyshev .

The Kuibyshev reservoir, which stretches on the central reaches of the Volga between Kazan and Tolyatti for around 550 km, is around 6,450 km², making it the largest reservoir in Europe and the third largest in the world with a storage volume of 58 billion m³. In the area of ​​the mouth of the Kama , the lake, which is 4.5 km wide at the dam, is around 30 to 40 km wide, depending on the direction of measurement. It was dammed from 1955 to 1957. Its catchment area is 1,210,000 km².

The earthfill dam ( ) built near Zhiguljowsk , which consists of around 162 million m³ of earth material, around 7.036 million m³ of reinforced concrete and numerous vertical sheet pile walls for sealing, rises at an average height of 27 m to 44.5 m (i.e. the maximum lake depth ) across the river bed of the Volga. A 600 m long and 80 m wide building of a hydropower plant was integrated into the dam , which reached its full capacity on October 14, 1957 and at that time, known as the Kuibyshev Volga river power plant "Vl Lenin", was the largest hydropower plant in the world. It was officially inaugurated on August 10, 1958. The total output of 2315 MW generated in the 20  turbines (17 × 115 MW and, after conversion, 3 × 120 MW) is mainly used to power the industry in and around Samara. The water of the Volga is also used for irrigation. In addition, an approximately 1.1 km long weir was integrated into the dam for flood relief .

Prisoners from the Kuneevsky corrective labor camp, a large Gulag camp complex, were used to build the reservoir and the hydroelectric power station .

See also

Web links

Commons : Kuibyshev reservoir  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Kuibyshev Reservoir in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
  2. Article Куйбышевское водохранилище in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D067150~2a%3D%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 85% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 89% D0% B5 ~ 2b% 3D% D0% 9A% D1% 83% D0% B9% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 88% D0% B5% D0% B2% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20% D0% B2% D0% BE% D0% B4% D0% BE% D1% 85% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 89% D0% B5
  3. Klaus Gestwa: The large Stalin buildings of communism. Soviet technology and environmental history, 1948–1967 , Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 2010, pp. 28f, ISBN 978-3-486-58963-4
  4. Keywords for the Kunejewski ITL (Kunejewski corrective labor camp), on gulag.memorial.de