Rybinsk Reservoir
| Rybinsk Reservoir водохранилище |
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| Coordinates | 58 ° 22 '30 " N , 38 ° 25' 4" E | ||||||||
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| Construction time: | 1941-1947 | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 102 m | ||||||||
| Water surface | 4th 580 km² | ||||||||
| Reservoir length | 130 km | ||||||||
| Reservoir width | 60 km | ||||||||
| Storage space | 25th 400 000 000 m³ | ||||||||
| Catchment area | 150 000 km² | ||||||||
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The Rybinsk Reservoir ( Russian Рыбинское водохранилище / Rybinskoje vodochranilishche ), which is also called the Rybinsk Sea due to its enormous size (area 4580 km²; storage volume 25.4 billion m³) , is a reservoir on the Volga in Russia . It is part of the so-called Volga-Kama Cascade and the second largest reservoir in Europe after the Kuibyshev reservoir .
Planning for the construction of a reservoir began in 1935, and the power plant was built from 1941 to 1947.
In Rybinsk , around 280 km north of Moscow , the Volga and its tributary Scheksna were dammed by separate dams just before its mouth. The pent-up water masses flooded the river plains of the Volga, Scheksna and Mologa rivers and formed the Rybinsk Reservoir, which is a maximum of 60 km wide and around 110 km long. It is part of the Volga-Baltic Sea waterway, which connects the Volga with the Baltic Sea , and via which ships from the Caspian Sea can not only reach the Baltic Sea, but also to the White Sea via the Volga-Baltic Sea Canal that branches off to the north .
The water level is 18 m, so that the water level at normal water level is 102 m above sea level. The backwater extends to the previous barrage of the Volga in Uglich . Two cities disappeared under the water, around 700 rural communities and villages with 26,000 farms, 40 churches, three monasteries, dozens of former manors, not to mention the forests, meadows and fields. The Yaroslavl area lost about an eighth of its territory. 150,000 people had to be relocated. It is disputed whether 294 people who did not want to leave their homes and were partially chained, actually died when the city of Mologa was flooded. This was reported to his superior in a report from the head of the Mologa branch in Volgolag, Lieutenant of State Security Skljarov.
In addition to the Volga, which flows into the reservoir in the south and leaves it in the southeast, the Mologa in the northwest and the Suda and Scheksna in the north flow into the lake near Tscherepowez , with the Scheksna in Rybinsk a short distance below the dam flows into her old bed of the Volga.
The hydropower plant with an output of 330 MW is integrated into the Scheksna dam ( ⊙ ), the locks for shipping are located on the Volga dam ( ⊙ )
Ivan Papanin , long-time director of the Institute for Biology of Reservoirs in Borok on the south bank of the lake, examined the problem of overfishing and its sustainable use using the example of the Rybinsk Reservoir .
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article Rybinsk Reservoir in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ Rybinsk Reservoir in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
