Rybinsk

city Rybinsk Рыбинск flag coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Yaroslavl Urban district Rybinsk head Yuri Lastochkin Founded 1071 Earlier names Ust-Sheksna (1071–1504) Rybnaja sloboda (1504–1777) Rybinsk (1777–1946) Shcherbakov (1946–1957) Rybinsk (1957–1984) Andropov (1984–1989) City since 1777 surface 101  km² population 200,771 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1988 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 100  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 4855 Post Code 152900-152935 License Plate 76 OKATO 78 415 Website www.rybinsk.ru/ Geographical location Coordinates 58 ° 3 '  N , 38 ° 50'  E Coordinates: 58 ° 3 '0 "  N , 38 ° 50' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Yaroslavl Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Rybinsk ( Russian Ры́бинск ) is a Russian city ​​in Yaroslavl Oblast . It is located around 280 km north of Moscow at the confluence of the Scheksna with the Volga and has a population of 200,771 (as of October 14, 2010).

history

The first settlement in the urban area took place at the confluence of the Sheksna into the Volga in the first half of the 11th century at the latest. The settlement Ust-Scheksna (Russian Усть-Шексна́ , in German about Scheksnamünde ) was a regional center for trade, handicrafts and metallurgy. During the time of the Tatar-Mongolian raids , Ust-Sheksna was devastated. The resettlement took place on the right Volga under the new name Rybnaja sloboda (Russian Ры́бная ​​слобода́ , German fish settlement ), as in 1504 in a document from Grand Duke Ivan III. Wassiljewitsch is mentioned. The inhabitants delivered sterlet , white salmon and sturgeon to the farm.

The old town of Rybinsk

With the decision of Peter the Great to create a navigable connection between Saint Petersburg and the Volga ( Vyshny Volotschoker water system , Russian Вышневоло́цкая во́дная систе́ма ) the place became a reloading station for goods from the south on ships with shallower drafts . In the middle of the 18th century, the place had developed into one of the largest inland ports in Russia, which prompted Catherine the Great in 1777 to issue an ukase about the renaming in Rybinsk (Russian Ры́бинск , German fish town ).

The expansion of the Mologa and Scheksna rivers led to an increasing importance of the area around Rybinsk for river navigation and grain trade. In the middle of the 19th century, when Rybinsk had a population of around 7,000, over 130,000 towers pulled through the city during the season , at that time the main driving force of ships.

The importance of the grain trade for Rybinsk is manifested in the fact that the third grain exchange in Russia was opened here in 1842 , which was one of the largest and most important in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. The development of steel foundries, shipbuilding, rope works and brickworks as well as the establishment of railway workshops document the industrialization of Rybinsk at the end of the 19th century. The city moved back into the limelight with the construction of the Rybinsk Reservoir , the second largest reservoir in Europe (4,580 km²), between 1941 and 1947.

From 1946 to 1957, the city was called Shcherbakov (Russian Щербаков ) after the founding member of the Writers' Union of the USSR and head of the political department of the Red Army in World War II , Alexander Shcherbakov , and from 1984 to 1989 Andropov (Russian Андропов ) after the Soviet leader Yuri Andropov .

In the city there was a prisoner of war camp 259 for German prisoners of war in World War II .

Population development

year	Residents
1897	25,290
1939	141.905
1959	181,685
1970	218.282
1979	238,579
1989	251,442
2002	222,653
2010	200,771

Note: census data

coat of arms

Description: In red a blue bar with two golden stairs that reach up to an earth-colored hill above the bar with a growing black bear with a golden ax shouldered on the left , blade pointing upwards. Two silver sterlettes swim towards each other in front of the stairs.

Symbolism: The sterlette stand for the abundance of water and fish. Catherine II is said to have walked the two stairs to the cathedral on May 9, 1767. The bear symbolizes belonging to the region and city of Yaroslavl .

The coat of arms and associated city ​​law are from the time of the Tsarina. The basis was the decree of August 3, 1777 and the law of June 20, 1778. The flag is the same as the coat of arms.

Economy and Infrastructure

In addition to the hydropower plant (330 MW), the deep-water port along the Volga-Baltic waterway, shipbuilding and mechanical engineering as well as the wood and cable industry shape the economic situation of Rybinsk.

Museums

Mologa Museum The museum on Preobrajenski Street 6a (Преображенский пер., Д. 6а) opened in August 1995. It is dedicated to the creation of the Rybinsk Reservoir (Рыбинское водохранилище) in the 1930s, on whose flood walls a large hydroelectric power station was built in the 1940s. For the reservoir, an area was flooded on which two cities and around 700 villages were located. One city was Mologa. Mologoa is the name of a river that flows into the reservoir in the northwest. This museum tells about the forced abandonment of cities and villages. The women who look after the visitors in the museum come from families directly affected by the resettlement.

Sports

The Demino Ski Marathon, a ski marathon of the Worldloppet series, takes place near Rybinsk .

Town twinning

• Kingsport , United States, since 1989
• Johnson City , United States, since 1989
• Bristol , United States, since 1989

sons and daughters of the town

• Leonid Assur (1878–1920), mechanical engineer
• Joseph Michael Schenck (1878–1961), manager of various film companies in the USA
• Nicholas M. Schenck (1881–1969), one of the founders of the Hollywood film industry
• Valerian Tornius (1883–1970), German literary historian, writer and translator
• Boris Grigoryev (1886–1939), painter and poet
• Genrich Jagoda (1891–1938), head of the Soviet secret police NKVD
• Fyodor Kharitonov (1899–1943), Lieutenant General in World War II
• Viktor Kondratiev (1902–1979), chemist
• Alexander Raspletin (1908–1967), radio technician, cyberneticist and rocket designer
• Lev Oschanin (1912–1996), poet and writer
• Eugen York (1912–1991), German director and screenwriter
• Alexei Kopnin (1918–1991), chess composer
• Kirill Kondratjew (1920–2006), climate researcher
• Stanislaw Rostozki (1922–2001), director and screenwriter
• Konstantin Kedrow (* 1942), writer
• Alexei Ovchinin (* 1971), cosmonaut
• Yegor Podomazki (* 1976), ice hockey goalkeeper
• Artyom Korotin (* 1978), Russian-Israeli ice hockey player
• Alexei Zwetkow (* 1981), ice hockey player
• Wladimir Potkin (* 1982), chess master
• Fjodor Kuzmin (* 1983), table tennis player
• Denis Parschin (* 1986), ice hockey player
• Alexander Bryukhankov (* 1987), professional triathlete
• Olga Beljakowa (* 1988), short tracker
• Nikita Kljukin (1989-2011), ice hockey player
• Andrei Bryukhankov (* 1991), professional triathlete
• Maxim Shuvalov (1993–2011), ice hockey player

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Erich Maschke (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.

Web links

Commons : Rybinsk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Official city website (Russian)
• Unofficial web portal (Russian)
• Rybinsk on mojgorod.ru (Russian)