Monterrey
| Monterrey | ||
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Coordinates: 25 ° 41 ′ N , 100 ° 19 ′ W Monterrey on the map of Nuevo León
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| Basic data | ||
| Country | Mexico | |
| State | Nuevo León | |
| Municipio | Monterrey | |
| City foundation | September 20, 1596 | |
| Residents | 1,173,600 (2014) | |
| - in the metropolitan area | 4.6 million | |
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| Detailed data | ||
| surface | 860 km 2 | |
| Population density | 1318 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| height | 537 m | |
| Post Code | 64000-64998 | |
| prefix | (+52) 81 | |
| Time zone | UTC −6 | |
| City Presidency | Adrian de la Garza | |
| Website | ||
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Monterrey is located in northeast Mexico and is the capital of the Mexican state of Nuevo León . The city had about 1.13 million inhabitants in 2010, the agglomeration known as Área Metropolitana de Monterrey (AMM), about 4.1 million. Monterrey is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese .
history
The Ciudad Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de Monterrey was founded in 1596 by Diego de Montemayor . Before that, settlements had already sprung up at this point that did not last long. The first was called Santa Lucía and was founded in 1577 by the Portuguese conquistador Alberto del Canto . The second settlement was San Luis Rey de Francia and was laid out in 1582 by the Portuguese Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva , who was commissioned by Philip II of Spain to found the Nuevo Reino de León , which was independent of the viceroyalty of New Spain . Nuevo León later became part of the viceroyalty of New Spain as a province and today forms the Mexican state of the same name. Monterrey was the seat of the governor in Spanish colonial times .
For most of its history, Monterrey was a small town, but industrialization turned it into a big city from the late 19th century onwards. In 1905 Monterrey only had 80,000 inhabitants. Because of its distance from the colonial and national centers, Monterrey has been poorly affected by the various conflicts in the history of Mexico . Nevertheless, it was captured by US troops during the Mexican-American War on May 24, 1846 and held until 1848. From April 3 to August 5, 1864, Monterrey was even the capital of Mexico by a decree of President Benito Juárez . Juarez, pursued by the troops of Emperor Maximilian and the French army , fled to Monterrey.
In 2007 the International Forum of Cultures took place in Monterrey , which attracted four million visitors.
In August 2011, 52 people were killed in an arson attack on Casino Royale in Monterrey . The act was related to the drug war in Mexico . The Nuevo León correctional facility in Monterrey is also making headlines again and again because of the prevailing conditions there.
Population development of the city
| year | population |
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| 1990 | 1,068,996 |
| 1995 | 1,088,023 |
| 2000 | 1.110.909 |
| 2005 | 1,133,070 |
| 2010 | 1,135,512 |
| 2014 | 1,173,600 |
Population development in the metropolitan area
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 396,000 |
| 1960 | 735,000 |
| 1970 | 1,299,000 |
| 1980 | 2,049,000 |
| 1990 | 2,691,000 |
| 2000 | 3,405,000 |
| 2010 | 4,112,000 |
| 2017 | 4,633,000 |
Economy and Infrastructure
According to a study from 2014, the greater Monterrey area generates a gross domestic product of 122.9 billion US dollars in purchasing power parity . In the ranking of the economically strongest metropolitan regions worldwide, he finished 110th and second in Mexico. The GDP per capita was $ 28,290 (PPP). In a ranking of cities according to their quality of life, Monterrey ranked 112th out of 231 cities worldwide in 2018. Monterrey achieved a better ranking than the capital Mexico City, which took 129th place.
Monterrey is one of the most important industrial locations in Latin America (with products including beer, glass, steel , building materials and finance). Carta Blanca , Bohemia , Sol , Casta , Indio , XX and Nochebuena are beers made in Monterrey by the Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma . Vitro operates one of the most important glass factories in North America here. Cemex , a global corporation that manufactures cement , concrete and other building materials, has its headquarters in the city, as does Banorte , the only major bank in Mexico that is run by Mexicans. A leading steel company was the Compañía Fundidora de Fierro y Acero de Monterrey , better known under the name Fundidora , but this collapsed in the mid- 1980s . The buildings of the Fundidoria works have been converted into the attractive Fundidoria Park, where a Champ Car race takes place every year .
Other international companies with headquarters in Monterrey include: a. Magna Powertrain, Alfa , Liebherr and Femsa , Monterrey is known as the city with the best quality of life in Latin America.
Monterrey is one of the most attractive university cities in Mexico with international universities such as B. the Tec (Institute for Technological and Advanced Studies Monterrey) and the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León (UANL), the Autonomous University of Nuevo León.
General Mariano Escobedo International Airport is 15 miles northeast of the city.
In the local public transport sector , Monterrey is made accessible by a light rail system ( Monterrey Metro ) with two lines built according to German parameters . The vehicles come from Canada and largely correspond to the German type B light rail car .
geography
Monterrey is located in the northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León on the mostly dry Santa Catarina River, which divides the city into two parts.
Monterrey is nicknamed la Ciudad de las Montañas ("City of Mountains") because the city is surrounded by mountains and its southern suburb of San Pedro Garza García is already in the Sierra Madre Oriental mountains . Two small, extinct volcanoes , Sierra del Topo and Topo Chico , are located in the suburb of San Nicolás de los Garza. To the west of the city rises the Sierra de las Mitras , so named because its profile resembles that of a bishop's miter . In the east the unmistakable Cerro de la Silla dominates , the northern summit of which is 1,820 m high. South of the Santa Catarina River, the Loma Larga separates Monterrey from the suburb of San Pedro Garza García. North of the river is the Sierra del Obispado , the summit of which is the location of the Bishop's Palace (Obispado). It was here that one of the most important battles of the Mexican-American War took place.
Apart from the occasional heavy downpours, the climate is largely dry. The annual mean temperature is 22 degrees Celsius, in the winter months there can be strong temperature fluctuations within a few hours.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Monterrey
Source: WMO ; wetterkontor.de
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Architectural monuments
- El Palacio del Obispado , the episcopal palace that houses a local museum
- La Gran Plaza or Macroplaza , the main square and one of the largest in the world (twice the size of the Red Square in Moscow, 6 × the size of the Zocalo in Mexico City, 5.5 times the size of the square in front of St.
- La Bandera Monumental , the 250 kg flag of Mexico flies over the Cerro del Obispado
- El Faro del Comercio , the “lighthouse” of the Chamber of Commerce
- La Basílica del Roble , one of the three basilicas in the city
- El Palacio de Gobierno , official residence of the governor
- The History Museum ( El Museo de Historia ), with a large collection of works of art from pre-Columbian times to the present day
- MARCO, Museum of Contemporary Art
- the brewery La Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery , with its buildings dating from the 19th century , site of the Mexican Baseball - Hall of Fame
sons and daughters of the town
- Santiago de los Santos Garza Zambrano (1837–1907), Archbishop of Linares o Nueva León
- Alfonso Reyes (1889-1959), poet
- Fernando Fernández (1916–1999), actor, singer, screenwriter and director
- Alfonso de Jesús Hinojosa Berrones (1924–2017), Roman Catholic clergyman, Bishop of Ciudad Victoria
- Joe Wizan (1935–2011), American film producer
- Alonso Gerardo Garza Treviño (* 1947), Bishop of Piedras Negras
- Miguel Ángel Alba Díaz (* 1951), Bishop of La Paz en la Baja California Sur
- José Horacio Gómez (* 1951), Mexican-American clergyman and Archbishop of Los Angeles
- Héctor García-Molina (1953–2019), American computer scientist and professor at Stanford University
- Celso Piña (* 1953), musician
- Adal Ramones (* 1961), television presenter and producer, director and comedian
- Jorge Alberto Cavazos Arizpe (* 1962), Bishop of San Juan de los Lagos
- Raúl Alcalá (* 1964), racing cyclist
- Edith González (1964–2019), actress and dancer
- Hilario González García (* 1965), Bishop of Linares
- Manuel Uribe (1965–2014), heaviest person in the world
- Alfonso Gerardo Miranda Guardiola (* 1966), auxiliary bishop in Monterrey
- Héctor Mario Pérez Villareal (* 1970), auxiliary bishop in Mexico City
- Roberto González junior (* 1976), racing car driver
- Blanca Soto (* 1979), actress
- David Martínez (* 1981), racing car driver
- Diana García (* 1982), actress
- Kat Von D (* 1982), tattoo artist, television actress and author
- Alfonso Herrera (* 1983), singer and actor
- Carla Medina (* 1984), actress, presenter and singer
- Pablo Santos (1987-2006), actor and producer
- Jesús Eduardo Zavala (* 1987), football player
- Davíd Garza Pérez (* 1988), racing car driver
- Sofía Arreola (* 1991), racing cyclist
- Esteban Gutiérrez (* 1991), racing car driver
- Mariana Avitia (* 1993), archer
- Ingrid Drexel (* 1993), cyclist
- Daniela Villarreal (* 2000) / Paulina Villarreal (* 2002) / Alejandra Villarreal (* 2004), musicians of the rock band The Warning
Town twinning
Monterrey maintains the following cities partnerships :
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Web links
- Official Website (Spanish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI): Perspectiva estadística Nuevo León. December 2011 (PDF; 1013 kB), p. 16.
- ↑ Mexico: States and Cities - Population Statistics in Maps and Tables. Retrieved July 26, 2018 .
- ↑ World Urbanization Prospects - Population Division - United Nations. Retrieved July 23, 2018 .
- ^ Alan Berube, Jesus Leal Trujillo, Tao Ran, and Joseph Parilla: Global Metro Monitor . In: Brookings . January 22, 2015 ( brookings.edu [accessed July 19, 2018]).
- ↑ Mercer's 2018 Quality of Living Rankings. Retrieved August 18, 2018 .
- ↑ MPT. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 5, 2016 ; accessed on August 5, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bethlehem Twinning Cities (English)
