Dallas
| Dallas | |
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| Nickname : Big D, D-Town | |
 Downtown Dallas |
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| Location of Dallas in Texas | |
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| Basic data | |
| Foundation : | 1841 |
| State : | United States |
| State : | Texas |
| County : | Dallas County , Collin County , Denton County , Rockwall County , Kaufman County |
| Coordinates : | 32 ° 47 ′ N , 96 ° 48 ′ W |
| Time zone : | Central ( UTC − 6 / −5 ) |
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Inhabitants : - Metropolitan Area : |
1,317,929 (as of 2016) 7,233,323 (as of 2016) |
| Population density : | 1,485.5 inhabitants per km 2 |
| Area : | 997.1 km 2 (approx. 385 mi 2 ) of which 887.2 km 2 (approx. 343 mi 2 ) are land |
| Height : | 131 m |
| Postcodes : | 75201-75398 |
| Area code : | +1 214, 972, 469 |
| FIPS : | 48-19000 |
| GNIS ID : | 1380944 |
| Website : | www.dallascityhall.com |
| Mayor : | Eric Johnson ( D ) |
 Satellite image (in falsified colors) |
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Dallas on the map of the United States |
Dallas ([ ˈdæləs ]) is the third largest city in the state of Texas after Houston and San Antonio and the ninth largest city in the United States . The city has an area of 997.1 km 2 and is also the administrative seat of the county of the same name . Dallas has 1.3 million inhabitants (as of 2016) and is the cultural and economic center of the twelve counties of the greater Dallas- Fort-Worth - Arlington area . Dallas is one of eleven world cities in the USA.
The city, founded in 1841, was an important center of the oil and cotton industry due to its strategic location on numerous railway lines . Today the economy is largely driven by the telecommunications , computing , financial services , and transportation industries .
geography
Dallas is the administrative seat of Dallas County . Parts of the city extend into the neighboring counties Collin , Denton , Kaufman and Rockwall .
According to the US Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 997.1 km 2 , of which 887.1 km 2 is land and 42.5 km 2 is water (11.03%). Dallas makes up one-fifth of the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area , which is home to about a quarter of all Texans.
climate
Dallas has a subtropical climate with mild winters (around 15 ° C) and hot summers (around 35 ° C). However, frost and snowfalls can also occur in winter. Temperatures over 40 ° C are repeatedly reached during the summer months. Every year around 850 mm of precipitation falls. The temperature extremes are between −18 ° C and 45 ° C. Furthermore, the city is located in a tornado-prone area.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Dallas
Source: 1961–1990 , WMO
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history
Caddo , Native Americans , lived in the area around Dallas before the 16th century part of the Spanish province of New Spain and from Texas was. Today's Dallas remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain. The future Dallas area became part of the state of Coahuila y Tejas in the new nation. The Republic of Texas separated from Mexico in 1836 and remained an independent country for almost ten years. In 1839, after four years in the Republic, John Neely Bryan surveyed the Dallas area, and two years later founded the city of Dallas there. In 1846, the United States annexed the Republic of Texas and Dallas County was created . It is believed that both counties and cities were named after George M. Dallas , the eleventh vice president of the United States at the time. Bryan only said that it was named "after my friend Dallas".
In 1856 Dallas was granted city rights. The city had few slaves , mostly brought in by settlers from Alabama and Georgia . Dallas was only a small town in the Texas border region until after the American Civil War , in which Dallas was part of the Confederate States of America , and did not officially become a city until 1871. The city paid the Houston and Central Texas Railroad a sum of 5,000 US dollars to relocate the planned railway line 32 km west and thus through Dallas. In the following year, the city fathers assured the Texas and Pacific Railroad legal perks if they also relocated their line through Dallas. So in 1873 the two main railroad lines from Texas (north-south and east-west) crossed in Dallas and the future as a commercial center was secured.
In 1890 the Roman Catholic diocese of Dallas was established in the city . The Cathedral Shrine of the Virgin of Guadalupe is the main church of the diocese.
| growth of population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Residents | ± in% | |
| 1850 | 430 | - | |
| 1860 | 2000 | 365.1% | |
| 1870 | 3000 | 50% | |
| 1880 | 10,358 | 245.3% | |
| 1890 | 38,067 | 267.5% | |
| 1900 | 42,638 | 12% | |
| 1910 | 92.104 | 116% | |
| 1920 | 158.976 | 72.6% | |
| 1930 | 260,475 | 63.8% | |
| 1940 | 294.734 | 13.2% | |
| 1950 | 434,462 | 47.4% | |
| 1960 | 679.684 | 56.4% | |
| 1970 | 844.401 | 24.2% | |
| 1980 | 904.078 | 7.1% | |
| 1990 | 1,007,618 | 11.5% | |
| 2000 | 1,188,580 | 18% | |
| 2010 | 1,197,816 | 0.8% | |
| 1850-2000, 2010 | |||
At the turn of the century, Dallas became the largest drugstore, book, jewelery, and liquor market in the Southwestern United States and a trading center for cotton, grain, and buffalo products . It quickly became the world's leading domestic cotton market and was also able to establish itself as the market leader in saddlery and in the construction of cotton ginning machines . Thus, in the early 20th century, Dallas quickly went from being an agricultural center to a center of banking , insurance, and other business.
In 1930, oil was discovered 160 km east of Dallas, quickly becoming the center of the oil industry in Texas and Oklahoma . In 1958 Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit at Texas Instruments ; thus began the development of the area as a center for the production of high technology. During the 1950s and 1960s, Dallas became the third largest technology center in the United States. This is how companies such as Ling-Tempco-Vought ( LTV Corporation ) and Texas Instruments emerged. In 1957, two property developers ( Trammell Crow and John M. Stemmons ) opened a furniture store that later became the Dallas Market Center, which is now the largest wholesale market in the world.
On November 22, 1963, then- US President John F. Kennedy was shot and killed on Elm Street while his motorized escort drove through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas.
In the 1970s and 1980s, Dallas experienced a real construction boom that gave the city center its prominent silhouette. T. was influenced by famous architects. With the move from part of the oil industry to Houston and the burgeoning computer and telecommunications market, Dallas began to focus the core industry on the technology sector. In the later 1980s, the economy collapsed almost completely in Dallas during the savings and loan crisis . Hundreds of shells remained unfinished. Because of the huge global success of the television series Dallas , the city became one of the most prominent US cities in the 1980s. At the beginning of the 1990s, the economy was able to recover significantly. Because of the resident industry in the field of high technology, Dallas was nicknamed "Silicon Prairie" based on California's Silicon Valley .
In the attack on police officers in Dallas on July 7, 2016 , five police officers were killed and seven police officers and two other people were injured. The assassination is the most serious targeted attack on law enforcement officers in the United States to date.
Dallas is home to the presidential library of George W. Bush , the 43rd President of the United States.
population
According to the 2010 census, the population was 28.8 percent white and 24.7 percent African-American; 6.3 percent were of Asian descent; 0.7% were Indians . 42.7 percent of the population were Hispanics . The median income per household was 2,015 at 50,270 US dollars . 17.9 percent of the population lived below the poverty line.
politics
The city and suburbs of Dallas became a bastion of the Democratic Party in the 21st century . In the 2004 US presidential election, 57% of urban voters voted for Democratic candidate John Kerry . For Dallas County as a whole, 49% voted for Kerry and 50% for George W. Bush . In the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections, Barack Obama scored 57% in Dallas County and even higher proportions in the city. In the 2016 election, around 66% voted for Hillary Clinton , compared to just 28% of urban voters for Donald Trump . Dallas County as a whole voted 61% for Clinton and 35% for Trump. In 2004, the openly lesbian Lupe Valdez in Dallas County was elected the only female sheriff in Texas and was re-elected in 2008.
economy
The Dallas metropolitan area generated an economic output of 511.6 billion US dollars in 2016. The gross domestic product per capita is 65,154 US dollars. In a 2014 study, Dallas was ranked 18th among the world's economically strongest metropolitan areas and 6th in the United States. The unemployment rate in Dallas is 3.4% as of May 2018, which is below the national average.
Due to its strategic location on numerous railway lines, the city was an important center of the oil and cotton industry. Today the economy is largely driven by the telecommunications , computing , financial services , and transportation industries .
Dallas is also the second largest center for the US computer game development industry. Many successful development studios have set up in Dallas or the surrounding area, including id Software , 3D Realms , Ensemble Studios , Gearbox Software and Ritual Entertainment .
- Well-known companies
- AT&T , telecommunications company
- Builders FirstSource , building materials dealer
- Celanese , chemical company
- Dean Foods , dairy company
- Greyhound Lines , operator of long-distance bus routes
- HollyFrontier , petroleum refinery operator
- Kronos International , manufacturer of chemical products
- Mary Kay , cosmetics that are sold through direct sales
- Neiman Marcus , Dallas-based department store chain
- Regus , offers virtual offices
- Southwest Airlines , airline company
- Texas Instruments , semiconductor maker and manufacturer of the first integrated circuit
traffic
Light rail
The rail-bound public transport in Dallas and the surrounding area is operated by the Dallas light rail . The Dallas Area Rapid Transit public transport company also operates the Dallas tram and has a stake in the M-Line in Uptown.
Air traffic
Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), located halfway between Dallas and Fort Worth, is the largest airport in the state of Texas , the fourth largest in the United States and the eighth largest in the world. DFW International Airport is larger than Manhattan in terms of area . In 1999 more than 60 million passengers were handled here. Various airlines have their headquarters at DFW International Airport. These include the largest airline in the world, American Airlines . With more than 800 take-offs and landings every day, American Airlines accounts for the majority of flight operations.
In addition to DFW International Airport, there is also Love Field Airport (DAL), which was the city's main airport until the opening of Dallas-Fort Worth Airport.
Culture and sights
art
The Arts District in downtown is home to many cultural institutions. The Dallas Museum of Art , the Dallas Opera , the Wyly Theater of the Dallas Theater Center , the Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center , the Trammell & Margaret Crow Collection of Asian Art , the Nasher Sculpture Center are particularly noteworthy . The district is also home to the regionally renowned Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts . Other nationally known museums and galleries are the Dallas Contemporary art gallery with changing exhibitions and the Meadows Museum (in the University Park enclave ), which shows an important collection of Spanish art.
The Kalita Humphreys Theater , built in 1959 by Frank Lloyd Wright , was the former venue of the Dallas Theater Center and has been used by various independent groups since 2009. The Deep Ellum neighborhood became popular as the jazz and blues hub of the American South during the 1920s and 1930s . Musicians such as Blind Lemon Jefferson , Robert Johnson , Huddie " Leadbelly " Ledbetter and Bessie Smith played in the local clubs. Today, many artists live in Deep Ellum, who have their studios in addition to pubs, bars and event venues. The sprayer scene was also able to spread widely in Deep Ellum - numerous graffiti and wall paintings cover tunnels, buildings, sidewalks and streets.
Buildings
Downtown Dallas is characterized by several tall structures. The tallest structure in the city is the 281 meter tall skyscraper Bank of America Plaza , completed in the mid-1980s . The tallest structure to date was the Renaissance Tower with a height of 270 meters and 56 floors. The Dallas City Hall , in which the city government is located, stands out due to its architecture, which is partly reminiscent of an inverted pyramid. In addition to the high-rise buildings, the skyline is also characterized by the 171-meter-high Reunion Tower , which stands out with its geodesic dome as a tower cage. The Majestic Theater was the first building in the city to be listed in 1977.
gastronomy
Dallas is known for its barbecue specialties as well as Mexican and Tex-Mex cuisine . Famous eateries include El Fenix, Mi Cocina, Bone Daddy's Barbeque and The Mansion on Turtle Creek. Dallas has more restaurants per capita than New York City.
Sports
Dallas has the following national league teams:
- Dallas Cowboys ( NFL ; American Football )
- Dallas Desperados ( Arena Football League , Arena Football )
- Dallas Mavericks ( NBA ; basketball )
- Dallas Stars ( NHL ; ice hockey )
- FC Dallas ( MLS , soccer )
The Texas Rangers (baseball) are based in the suburb of Arlington .
The Cotton Bowl Stadium is the traditional sports stadium in Dallas.
Town twinning
Sister cities of Dallas are
There are friendly relationships with:
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Dalian , People's Republic of China
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Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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Qingdao , People's Republic of China
Personalities
Panoramas
literature
- Harvey J. Graff: The Dallas Myth: The Making and Unmaking of an American City . University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2008, ISBN 978-0-8166-5269-3 .
- Patricia Evridge Hill: Dallas: The Making of a Modern City. University of Texas Press, Austin 1995, ISBN 978-0-292-73104-2 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dallas - Serving you! City of Dallas, 2006, accessed May 4, 2006 .
- ^ Inventory of World Cities , Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network, accessed October 21, 2006.
- ↑ Population Dallas / Fort Worth Metroplex : 5,700,256 according to en: United States metropolitan area . Texas Population: 22,859,968 according to the United States state list by population .
- ↑ a b Dallas History ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Dallas Historical Society, accessed April 21, 2006.
- ↑ a b Jackie McElhaney, Michael V. Hazel: DALLAS, TX. In: The Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), 1999 ff, accessed April 20, 2006. (English, tshaonline.org ).
- ↑ Texas Almanac (PDF; 1.2 MB). Retrieved October 4, 2012.
- ↑ US Census ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved October 16, 2012.
- ↑ About ( Memento of the original from August 27, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Dallas Market Center, accessed August 29, 2006.
- ↑ City of Dallas Office of Economic Development ( Memento of the original from October 5, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , dallas-edd.org, accessed October 19, 2006.
- ↑ ABC News: Dallas Shooting Suspect Wanted to Kill White Cops, Police Say. In: ABC News. July 8, 2016, accessed July 8, 2016 .
- ↑ 5 Police Officers Killed in Downtown Dallas Ambush . In: NBC , July 8, 2016.
- ^ US Census Bureau: Dallas, TX. Retrieved November 7, 2017 (American English).
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20100508071804/http://pages.sbcglobal.net/tom.blackwell/
- ↑ Dave Leip's Atlas of US Presidential Elections - State Data . Uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved August 14, 2010.
- ↑ a b Dallas - Election Results . Dallas County Elections, November 21, 2016
- ^ Valdez triumphant in bid for 2nd term as Dallas County sheriff . The Dallas Morning News , November 5, 2008. Archived from the original at archive.org on December 28, 2009
- ^ US Department of Commerce, BEA, Bureau of Economic Analysis: Bureau of Economic Analysis. Retrieved July 4, 2018 (American English).
- ^ Alan Berube, Jesus Leal Trujillo, Tao Ran, and Joseph Parilla: Global Metro Monitor . In: Brookings . January 22, 2015 ( brookings.edu [accessed July 4, 2018]).
- ↑ Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX Economy at a Glance. Retrieved July 4, 2018 .
- ↑ UBM (UK) Ltd. 2018: World's 10 largest airlines line up for World Routes . In: Routesonline . ( routesonline.com [accessed June 20, 2018]).
- ↑ Artsmagnet.org , accessed on April 20 of 2006.
- ^ Darwin Payne: Dallas, an illustrated history . Windsor Publications, Woodland Hills, California 1982, ISBN 0-89781-034-1 , pp. 157-185 (Chapter VI: The Spirit of Enterprise) .
- ↑ Deep in the Heart of Dallas ( July 22, 2012 memento on the Internet Archive ), Dallas Convention and Visitors Bureau, accessed October 19, 2006.
- ↑ City of Dallas, Office of Economic Development - Sister & Friendship Cities , accessed March 31, 2018
