National Basketball Association
|
|
| Current season | 2019/20 |
| sport | basketball |
| abbreviation | NBA |
| League foundation | 1946 |
| Teams | 30th |
| Country countries |
 United States Canada
|
| Title holder | Toronto Raptors (1) |
| Record champions | Boston Celtics (17) |
| Record player | Robert Parish (1,611, 1976-1997) |
| TV partner | ABC , ESPN , TNT , NBA TV |
| Website | nba.com |
The National Basketball Association (NBA) is the professional basketball league in North America since 1946 . It is considered by far the strongest and most popular basketball league in the world.
The NBA currently consists of 30 teams, 29 of which are from the United States and one (the Toronto Raptors ) is based in Canada . 15 teams each play in the Western and Eastern Conference , which in turn are divided into three divisions. The season winner will be played in the play-offs after a regular season of 82 games , with the eight best teams from both conferences meeting each other in three rounds according to the best-of-seven mode . The reigning champions of the 2018/19 season are the Toronto Raptors team.
The NBA is a closed league with no promotion or relegation. New players are distributed to the teams via an annual Entry Draft , with a previous drawing (the Draft Lottery ) with a number of tickets based on the performance of the previous year deciding the order of the teams in the NBA Draft . A smaller league with 15 so-called farm teams has been affiliated to the NBA since 2001 , which has been called the NBA G-League since the 2017/18 season . For the 2016/17 season, the G-League, then known as the D-League, was increased from 19 to 22 teams.
history
1940s
The official founding date of the NBA is June 6, 1946, the day the previous league Basketball Association of America (BAA) was founded in New York . The driving force behind the founding of the association were the owners and operators of sports arenas, who mainly earned their money with ice hockey , especially in the NHL , and in this way sought utilization of their halls and additional income. The first president of the league and BAA chairman was Maurice Podoloff , the then president of the NHL, after whom the MVP Trophy is named to this day . However, the BAA was still under a bad star at the beginning. In contrast to most other professional leagues of the time, it had solid funding when it was founded, but it lacked good players. To make matters worse, four teams withdrew from the league after the first year. Therefore, the National Basketball League (NBL) was taken over on August 3, 1949 , after three teams had moved from the NBL to the BAA in 1948, and the league was finally renamed the National Basketball Association. To this day, the BAA champions from 1947 to 1949 are also listed as NBA champions.
The 1950s
The league initially consisted of seventeen franchises before it reached its smallest size with eight teams in the 1953/54 season. These eight teams, the New York Knicks , Boston Celtics , Philadelphia Warriors , Minneapolis Lakers , Rochester Royals , Fort Wayne Pistons , Tri-Cities Blackhawks and Syracuse Nationals , are still active in the NBA to this day (sometimes under different names). Initially, the NBA eked a shadowy existence alongside the college league NCAA . However, this fell into disrepute in 1951 due to a nationwide bribery scandal in connection with the so-called point shaving , whereby the NBA slowly gained popularity. Numerous college stars played for the NBA in the post-war period after graduating from college, including Joe Fulks and Jim Pollard . In 1950 the league was opened to African Americans and Earl Lloyd went down in history as the first black NBA player, although Chuck Cooper was drafted before him , but played his first game as Lloyd a day later.
In the early 1950s, one team in particular dominated the league: the Minneapolis Lakers . Their most important player was the 8-foot tall center George Mikan , the NBA's first superstar. Although he was relatively slow and cumbersome, no defense under the basket could stop him. Since the league action threatened to become one-sided due to its oppressive dominance, the rules of the game were changed. In 1952 the area under the basket was expanded to force the centers to move more and to shift the game to the wings. The consequence, however, was that less was thrown and this resulted in more frequent foul play in order to gain possession of the ball and thus prevent the opponent from downplaying the game clock. In some games in 1953, the referees whistled over 100 fouls. The NBA ran away again and it was decided to fundamentally change the game of basketball.
On 23 April 1954 the team owner was based on an idea Danny Biasone the shot clock ( English shot clock introduced), which, for the first time officially came on 30 October 1954 for the start of the following season are used. According to the associated 24-second rule , the team in possession of the ball must start a throw attempt that at least touches the ring before 24 seconds have elapsed. If this does not happen, possession changes, even if the attacking team gets the ball back into their hands after the miss. This rule was a milestone in the development of basketball and was gradually adopted by the NCAA and FIBA .
In addition to Mikan, the stars of the 1950s also included Dolph Schayes , Bob Pettit , Bob Cousy , Paul Arizin and Bill Sharman .
The 1960s
The 1960s are now considered the years of the Celtics dynasty , as the Boston Celtics team won a total of eleven championships between 1957 and 1969, eight of them in a row. Although most of the players from the Celtics championship teams are now members of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame , two main names are associated with the Celtics dynasty : that of the coach, Red Auerbach , and that of the leader and most important player of the Celtics, Bill Russell . Other important players in the Celtics during this period were John Havlicek and Bob Cousy , who revolutionized the point guard game. Another 1960s star was center player Wilt Chamberlain , who played for the Philadelphia Warriors , Philadelphia 76ers, and later for the Los Angeles Lakers. Chamberlain became the first and only player to score 100 points in an NBA game. Other stars of the 60s were Oscar Robertson , Elgin Baylor , Jerry West , Willis Reed and Wes Unseld .
The "western expansion" also took place at this time. Until then, the NBA had its focus in the northeastern United States. The Lakers moved from Minneapolis to Los Angeles as the first team in 1960 , making them the first team on the West Coast. In 1962 the Warriors moved from Philadelphia to San Francisco . The Chicago Packers became the ninth NBA team in 1961. However, since they moved to Baltimore in 1963 and Chicago wanted a new NBA team, the Chicago Bulls were accepted into the NBA in 1966. The NBA took on seven more teams in the wake of western expansion, between 1967 and 1970: the Seattle SuperSonics , San Diego Rockets , Portland Trail Blazers , Phoenix Suns , Milwaukee Bucks , Buffalo Braves and the Cleveland Cavaliers .
After the end of the Celtics supremacy, a kind of "dark era" began for the NBA. The level of play sank, the audience interest decreased. On the one hand because NCAA basketball had long since recovered 20 years after the bribery scandal and was preparing to overtake football at some universities, and on the other hand because a competitive league called the American Basketball Association (ABA) was founded in 1967 . This gradually began to poach players from the NBA, u. a. Rick Barry , then one of the top stars. It also allowed players without a college education to participate in gaming, and in 1974, Moses Malone, the first high school player, was given a professional contract. In 1969 the NBA received the current logo, which is said to have a silhouette of Jerry West , a star of the Los Angeles Lakers at the time, which the NBA denies.
The 1970s
In the mid-1970s, however, the ABA ran into financial difficulties, which led to the takeover by the NBA on June 17, 1976. However, only four of the six remaining ABA teams were accepted into the NBA: the Nuggets , Pacers , Spurs and Nets . The Kentucky Colonels and the Spirits of St. Louis have received financial compensation for their waiver. With the New Orleans Jazz recorded in 1974 , the NBA already provided 22 teams. The merger also meant that ABA stars like Julius Erving , Moses Malone , Artis Gilmore and George Gervin now played in the NBA. Some ABA innovations have also been adopted, for example the three-point line (1979) or the Slam Dunk Contest . In terms of sport, no team dominated the 70s like the Celtics did in the previous decade. The Celtics and Knicks took two titles each, most of them in that decade. The star of this era was primarily Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , who entered the league in 1969. The center player led the Milwaukee Bucks to their first NBA title in 1971 and won six MVP awards. With his move to the Lakers in 1975 and the signing of Magic Johnson in 1979 by the Lakers, however, the balance began to tip. Other stars of the decade included Dave Cowens , Elvin Hayes , Pete Maravich , Bob McAdoo , Nate Archibald and Bill Walton . However, the league continued to struggle with an image and popularity problem, which was particularly exacerbated with the advent of new drugs.
The 1980s
The 1980s are known today as the years of the Lakers-Celtics rivalry and gave the league a huge boost in popularity in the United States. The main players were Larry Bird and Magic Johnson , who faced each other in 1979 in the final of the college championship of the NCAA Division I Basketball Championship . Bird led the Celtics to three championships that decade, and Magic won five with the Lakers. They even faced each other three times in the final of the championship. The era ended abruptly when Magic Johnson resigned on November 7, 1991 after being diagnosed with " HIV positive". Larry Bird ended his career a year later. Other stars of the 1980s included Isiah Thomas , Dominique Wilkins , Kevin McHale and James Worthy . Likewise, a new generation that joined the NBA in the 1980s was preparing to take over the NBA. They also included Michael Jordan and Hakeem Olajuwon .
Outside of this rivalry, the Dallas Mavericks were added to the league in 1980. New Orleans Jazz moved to Salt Lake City in 1979 , where it became Utah Jazz. The Buffalo Braves were relocated and renamed to become today's Los Angeles Clippers . The 1985 Kansas City Kings move to Sacramento remained the final franchise move for over a decade. David Stern took over the NBA as the new commissioner in 1984. The NBA has grown into a thriving commercial enterprise under Stern's direction. Likewise, under Stern, the league's significant drug problem, which culminated with the death of Talent Len Bias in 1986, was tackled and contained through harsh penalties and regular checks. In the late 1980s, the last major expansion of the league came with four teams: the Charlotte Hornets , Miami Heat , Orlando Magic and the Minnesota Timberwolves , bringing the league to 27 teams.
The 1990s
With the waning of the Lakers / Celtics dominance, a short period followed in which the Detroit Pistons, led by Isiah Thomas , won two championships in 1989 and 1990. Then the stage was clear for a new star, and Michael Jordan became the new superstar and draft horse of the league. Jordan, who has played in the league since 1984, won six championships with the Chicago Bulls between 1991 and 1998, and his spectacular style of play made the NBA popular around the world. In the meantime, however, Jordan resigned from basketball. During this time, the Bulls were not competitive and the Houston Rockets with their star player Hakeem Olajuwon were able to win the NBA championship in 1994 and 1995. In 1995, teams from Canada were included in the NBA for the first time with the Toronto Raptors and Vancouver Grizzlies . Also important for the NBA were the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, when professional basketball players were admitted for the first time. The USA then sent a selection of their best basketball players, including Jordan, Bird and Johnson, who won the gold medal as a dream team and brought the NBA an enormous boost in popularity. The 1990s produced a number of good basketball players. In addition to Olajuwon and Jordan, they also included Jordan's long-time teammate Scottie Pippen . Other notable players were Karl Malone , Charles Barkley , David Robinson , Patrick Ewing , Clyde Drexler , John Stockton and Gary Payton . Jordan's resignation on January 13, 1999 left a vacuum that no NBA player could fill. The popularity of the league fell again, especially in the USA. In addition, the salaries of most players grew immeasurably, which the team owners no longer wanted to pay. Negotiations with the National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) over a new collective agreement ( Collective Bargaining Agreement , CBA ) have failed, and so did the lockout , the lockout , the owners represented as a player strike.
The league, originally started with eleven teams, was to expand to 30 teams by 2004. For the 50th birthday of the league in 1996, an election of the 50 greatest players in NBA history and the 10 greatest coaches in NBA history ( the 50 greatest players in NBA history and the ten greatest coaches in NBA history, respectively ) was carried out. In addition, a women's league was founded with the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), which holds its championship in the four months of the NBA without games.
The 2000s
The lockout season (English lockout = "lockout") 1998/99 marks the transition from the Jordan era to today's NBA. In the 1999 season shortened by the lockout, the San Antonio Spurs won their first championship with Tim Duncan . From the 1999/2000 season, Shaquille O'Neal was considered a central figure in the NBA, and while he never achieved Jordan's popularity, he was on par with him in terms of dominance. Another important figure during this period was the young talent Kobe Bryant , who played with O'Neal for the Lakers. O'Neals and Bryants Lakers won three championships in a row from 2000 to 2002, in 2003 they were narrowly defeated by the eventual champion San Antonio Spurs. In 2004 the favored Lakers were clearly subject to the East Master Detroit Pistons , whereupon the team broke up. In the summer of 2004, the 30th and so far last franchise was added to the league with the Charlotte Bobcats . For the 2004/05 season the balance of power was considered more balanced than it had been for a long time. In the end, the San Antonio Spurs prevailed again and won the championship against the Detroit Pistons. In 2006 the Miami Heat won their first championship. The team around O'Neal and Dwyane Wade prevailed in the final against the Dallas Mavericks and Dirk Nowitzki . After the Spurs won their third title in 2007, there was a brief revival of the Celtics-Lakers dominance from the 80s. The Lakers now strengthened themselves with the Spaniard Pau Gasol . The Celtics were able to put together a nucleus of Kevin Garnett , Ray Allen and Paul Pierce through clever transfers . Both teams met in the final in 2008, with the Celtics prevailing. In 2009, however, the Lakers prevailed against the Orlando Magic and in 2010 the Lakers took revenge against the Celtics. The 2000s are characterized by a strong internationalization of the NBA. Commissioner Stern succeeded in popularizing basketball around the world, which meant that more and more foreign players switched to the NBA, such as the Chinese center Yao Ming , the French guard Tony Parker , the Spaniard Pau Gasol, the Serb Peja Stojakovic or the German Power Forward Dirk Nowitzki of the Dallas Mavericks. Dirk Nowitzki, for example, was the first European to win the MVP Award for best player of the season in 2007 . The Canadian Steve Nash even managed to win the award twice in 2005 and 2006. Yet that decade was dominated by Americans. In addition to Nowitzki, Nash, Bryant, O'Neal, Garnett and Duncan, Allen Iverson , Jason Kidd , Carmelo Anthony and Dwight Howard are other notable players. In addition, LeBron James , drafted by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2003, was preparing to be the future successor to Jordan and contender for the title of Greatest of All Times (GOAT ).
In 2001 the NBA founded the National Basketball Development League (NBDL), which was later renamed the NBA Development League (D-League) and started with eight teams. The league has been called the NBA G-League since 2017 . The G-League takes on the function of a farm team league within the NBA and is primarily intended to provide less talented players and rookies with match practice. The league today consists of 27 teams. In the long term, each of the 30 NBA teams should have their own farm team.
Moves within the NBA
The 2000s were also shaped by the relocations of the teams, as not since the 1980s. The Charlotte Hornets moved to New Orleans in 2002 and became the New Orleans Pelicans in 2013 . In the meantime, the New Orleans Hornets also played in Oklahoma City from 2005 to 2007 , as their own stadium was badly damaged by Hurricane Katrina . The Charlotte Bobcats, which were re-established in 2004 as part of the Hornets move out of Charlotte, took over the team name of the Hornets again in 2014. The Vancouver Grizzlies moved to Memphis in 2001 after six years, making the Toronto Raptors the only remaining Canadian team in the NBA. The move and the associated dissolution of the Seattle SuperSonics was particularly criticized by fans and the media. The Sonics were sold in 2006 to an Oklahoma investment group, which, against the wishes of the Seattle fans, relocated the team to Oklahoma City in 2008 and renamed the Oklahoma City Thunder . The rights of the Sonics remained in Seattle and are to be used again in the event of the league's expansion to Seattle.
The 2010s
LeBron James announced his move to the Miami Heat in 2010, along with Chris Bosh , to play alongside Dwyane Wade. As a big favorite they reached the finals in 2011 and met the Dallas Mavericks , but were surprisingly defeated, with which the Mavericks and Nowitzki won their first championship. In 2011, after 1998, the second lockout in NBA history followed. After the first games were canceled, the players' union and the NBA agreed on a new CBA and a shortened 2011/12 NBA season began . The Heat reached the final again and prevailed against the Oklahoma City Thunder around the star players Kevin Durant and Russell Westbrook . In the 2012/13 season , James won his fourth MVP award and led the Heat to their third league title against the San Antonio Spurs. Due to ongoing criticism from fans, swallows (so-called flops) were punished with fines from the 2012/13 season . The Spurs took revenge on the Heat in 2014. The team around Tim Duncan and Kawhi Leonard prevailed after five games against the Heat. The Heat then fell apart and James returned to the Cavaliers. Then began a phase of widespread dominance of the Golden State Warriors with winning their first championship in 40 years with a final victory over the Cavaliers. Stephen Curry rose to the new superstar of the league and won the NBA title and the MVP award. The Warriors shaped a new style of play that relies on rather small players who hit three-point throws with an unprecedented frequency. In the 2015/16 season, the Warriors also broke the Chicago Bulls victory record from 1995/96 and have since held the NBA record with 73 wins this season. Unlike the Bulls, however, the Warriors could not defend the title in the final against the Cavaliers and lost this series after they had led 3-1 in the meantime. For Cleveland, however, this meant the first championship in club history and the third for LeBron James. The Warriors then strengthened themselves in the summer of 2016 with Kevin Durant from the Oklahoma City Thunder and reached the finals, where there was a reunion with the Cavaliers and LeBron James. In this series, the Cavaliers had little to oppose the Warriors, with which the Warriors celebrated their second championship in three years and Durant was named MVP of the final series. Also in the following year there was another clash between the Warriors and Cavaliers in the final. In this, the Warriors defended the title confidently.
With the departure of LeBron James to the Los Angeles Lakers , the Cavaliers in the east sank into insignificance. The Toronto Raptors , who strengthened themselves with Kawhi Leonard during the 2018 season break , and the Milwaukee Bucks , who formed a talented core around the Greek Giannis Antetokounmpo , established themselves as the new favorites in the east . In the final, as in the previous year, the Warriors and, for the first time, the Raptors faced each other. The Warriors were generally considered favorites, but had to do without their star player Kevin Durant. The Toronto Raptors were the first Canadian team to win the NBA championship.
The 2020s
In the first year of the decade, gaming operations were interrupted during the regular season due to the global COVID-19 pandemic . After an almost five-month break, it continued at the end of July 2020, but under special circumstances. 22 of the 30 NBA teams were accommodated in Disney World near Orlando (Florida) in order to initially play a shortened regular season with which the playoff positions and possible play-in games are to be determined. This is followed by any play-in tournaments between eighth and ninth placed and championship playoffs.
Teams and structure
The NBA is divided into the Western Conference and Eastern Conference . The two conferences are again divided into three divisions.
In a regular season ( Regular Season ) , each team plays four times each against the four teams from their own division (16 games), each three to four times against ten teams from the other division in own conference (36 games) and two each against the fifteen teams from the other conference (30 games). Each team plays 82 games before the play-offs. There are no points for games won, the percentage of games won counts. A tie is decided by extra time.
The table is used to determine the play-offs in which the best eight teams from both conferences ( Western & Eastern ) compete against each other in a knockout system (the first against the eighth, the second against the seventh, etc.). By 2015, the three division winners and the best runner-up were ranked one to four, according to their balance sheet, while the remaining four best teams in the conference took positions five to eight. Since the 2015/16 season, only the balance of won and lost games in the Conference has been decisive for the placement of the play-offs and no longer the championship in the division. In the play-off rounds, the East and West champions are chosen according to the best-of-seven mode . These two teams then play in the so-called final series, which is also played according to the best of seven mode, for the Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy .
Since 2004 the NBA has consisted of 30 teams. The youngest franchise is the Charlotte Hornets , who had already played in the NBA from 1988 to 2002 and were re-established for the 2004/05 season under the name Charlotte Bobcats. The oldest teams in the NBA and at the same time the only franchises to exist since the league first played in the 1946/47 season are the Boston Celtics , the New York Knicks and the Golden State Warriors (formerly Philadelphia Warriors).
29 of the 30 teams are based in the United States, with the Toronto Raptors only one team comes from Canada. The US state with the most NBA teams is California . New York City and Los Angeles are the only cities that have more than one NBA team. The Knicks are based in the New York borough of Manhattan , while the Brooklyn Nets play at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn . The Staples Center in Downtown Los Angeles is the venue for the Lakers and the Clippers , making it the only arena where two NBA teams play.
spectator
The venues of the NBA clubs hold between 17,500 and 22,000 spectators (seats). Three clubs had an average of more than 20,000 spectators in the 2015/16 regular season . The Chicago Bulls (21,820), the Cleveland Cavaliers (20,562) and the Dallas Mavericks (20,143) top the list. The NBA's lowest-rated franchises are the Philadelphia 76ers (14,881), Minnesota Timberwolves (14,175), and the Denver Nuggets , with 14,095 viewers per game. The overall average of the league in 2015/16 was 17,831 viewers per game.
List of NBA champions
List of NBA finals series
NBA All-Star Game
The NBA All-Star Game is a major sporting event held annually in February in the United States. Since 1951, selected players from the Eastern Conference and the Western Conference have been competing against each other. After Siegen, the East leads with 37:29 victories.
The mode was changed in 2018 . A pool of all-stars is formed and the two players with the most votes choose their teammates from this pool as team captains.
NBA Europe Tour
The NBA Europe Live Tour is a series of friendly basketball games in which several teams from the North American professional league National Basketball Association (NBA) train in Europe as part of their pre-season preparation and compete against each other and against top European teams. The game series took place for the first time in 2006 and is used by the NBA to "test" audience interest in NBA basketball in Europe. It is part of NBA commissioner David Stern's plan to expand the NBA into Europe.
NBA teams have been playing friendly games in Europe since 1988. The McDonalds Open game series can be considered the predecessor of the Europe Live Tour.
Official match ball
From 1946 to 1983 sporting goods manufacturer Wilson provided the official match ball of the NBA and the previous league BAA. The manufacturer Spalding followed as the official supplier. From the 2021/22 season, the league will play with Wilson balls again after 38 years.
Individual awards
The NBA gives a number of awards to individual players after each season. The oldest is the nomination for the All-NBA team , a selection of the top ten (since 1988/89: the top 15) players in the NBA. This selection is divided into two (since 1988/89: three) All-League teams and has been selected by sports journalists since the first NBA or BAA season in 1946/47.
In 1962/63, analogous to the All-NBA team, an election for the NBA All-Rookie Team was introduced among the league's head coaches. Since 1988/89 a total of two teams have been honored.
In order to honor the best defenders in the league, the election for the NBA All-Defensive Team was introduced in 1968/69 . As with the All-NBA team, the ten best defenders are put together into two all-defensive teams . As with the All-Rookie Team, the selection has been made by journalists instead of the head coaches since 2013/14.
The fans can also give a kind of award by voting for the five best players in each conference for the NBA All-Star Game . The selection is currently made by fans as well as journalists, in the early days of the league it was exclusively the head coaches. In 1953 the All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award was introduced and the All-Star MVPs of 1951 and 1952 were selected retrospectively. After Kobe Bryant's death in January 2020, the award was named after its four-time winner in February.
Even before the MVP was introduced, an award was given to the best newcomer in the league, the so-called Rookie of the Year . Since the 1952/53 season there has been the NBA Rookie of the Year Award , whose trophy is named after Eddie Gottlieb , a founding member of the NBA and team owner of the Warriors . Between 1947 and 1952 the title was only given unofficially.
For the 1955/56 season one introduced an award for the most valuable player (English: Most Valuable Player , short: MVP). The accompanying trophy is named after Maurice Podoloff , the first league president. By 1980, the MVP was chosen by the NBA pros, which resulted in unpopular players like Rick Barry never winning the award even though they deserved it. Since the 1980/81 season, the MVP award has also been given by a jury of sports journalists.
At the NBA finals in 1969, an award was given for the first time to the best player in the final series, the so-called Finals MVP . Jerry West was the first and only player to win the award that year, despite being from the losing side. To this day it is an unwritten law that the finals MVP can only come from the winning team. Since 2008/09 the award is named after the eleven-time champion Bill Russell .
Two innovations were added in the 1982/83 season: on the one hand, a Defensive Player of the Year was chosen in addition to the all-defensive team, and on the other hand, the Sixth Man of the Year Award , an award for the most valuable bank player, was created .
Between 1983/84 and 2001/02 the IBM Award was given to the player with the best statistical averages.
Since 1985/86, the player who has improved the most compared to the previous season has also been awarded ( Most Improved Player Award , MIP for short).
In 1995/96, the NBA Sportsmanship Award , which is rewarded with the Joe Dumars trophy, was created for fairness and ethically convincing behavior, which has been awarded by NBA players since 2002/03.
The Twyman-Stokes Teammate of the Year Award has existed since 2013, recognizing selfless play, exemplary behavior as a mentor on and off the field, as well as commitment to and dedication to the team. The choice is made by the players after nominations by a committee.
The Sager Strong Award is still young and is dedicated to pioneers who embody courage, confidence, compassion and tolerance. It is named after Spielfeld reporter Craig Sager and is awarded in the form of a parrot-like suit jacket, as worn by Sager himself. The price has existed since 2016/17.
In addition to the players, coaches have also been rewarded with the NBA Coach of the Year Award since 1962/63 , the trophy of which is named after Red Auerbach .
And since 1972/73 the officials have also been honored with the NBA Executive of the Year Award . The officials themselves make the selection.
From 2008 to 2016, the NBA presented the Chuck Daly Lifetime Achievement Award to coaches, but players have also been honored with the NBA Lifetime Achievement Award since 2017 .
As part of the NBA Cares program, the Community Assist Award has been presented every month since 2001/02 , and is rewarded with the David Robinson Plaque . Since 2008/09 there have also been off-season award winners from time to time (2008/09, 2009/10, 2017/18, 2018/19) and since 2011/12 there have been exclusive seasonal award winners every year. It is awarded by fans and an NBA panel.
The most important prize of the NBA for charitable work is the J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship Award, which has been presented by the Pro Basketball Writers Association (PBWA) since 1974/75 .
Allegations against the NBA
Former referee Tim Donaghy made serious allegations against the NBA in June 2008. Some referees allegedly manipulated games on the instructions of the NBA In 2002, the referees are said to have favored the LA Lakers in their sixth playoff game against the Sacramento Kings . The NBA wanted it to be a seventh game. The referees are also said to have been instructed by the NBA not to impose any technical fouls on certain star players.
Tim Donaghy was previously charged in 2007 with match fixing and disclosure of inside knowledge. He has been accused of betting on half of the NBA games he has directed since 2003. The NBA demanded the salary paid to him during that period. In addition, Donaghy was to pay for the 16 games in the 2006/07 season in which he had disclosed his inside information to third parties. The former arbitrator should also pay legal fees. Thus, the NBA demanded approximately $ 1.4 million in damages from Donaghy. On August 15, 2007, Donaghy pleaded guilty on certain counts and was sentenced to 15 months in prison.
See also
- 50 Greatest Players in NBA History
- 10 Greatest Coaches in NBA History
- List of NBA players with the most points scored
- List of NBA players from German-speaking nations
- List of members of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
literature
- Mike Carlson and Jens Plassmann: NBA basketball. Stars & Stories , Reinbek near Hamburg 1994, ISBN 3-499-19435-X
- Terry Pluto: Tall Tales. The Glory Years of the NBA , Lincoln (Nebraska) 1992, ISBN 0-671-74279-5 (English)
Web links
- spox.com: German website of the NBA
- basketball-reference.com: Website about the season statistics of the NBA (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ dleague.nba.com: NBA Development League Expansion (English)
- ↑ Todd Boyd: Young, Black, Rich, and Famous. The Rise of the NBA, the Hip Hop Invasion, and the Transformation of American Culture. With a new introduction by the author. Lincoln / London 2008: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-1675-4 (page 178 ff, in English).
- ^ NBA announces new anti-flopping rule
- ↑ The Toronto Raptors win Canada's first NBA championship
- ↑ Marvin Rishi Krishan, DER SPIEGEL: NBA restart at Disney World: Good for a surprise - DER SPIEGEL - Sport. Retrieved August 6, 2020 .
- ↑ FOCUS Online: Only the balance sheet counts: NBA changed rules for play-off seeding lists . In: FOCUS Online . ( focus.de [accessed on May 4, 2017]).
- ↑ espn.go.com: NBA Attendance Report (English)
- ↑ NBA exchanges cue ball. In: sport1.de. SID , May 14, 2020, accessed May 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Chris Sheridan: 2002 Lakers-Kings Game 6 at heart of Donaghy allegations . On: ESPN.com
- ^ Pat Jordan: After the Buzzer In: New York Times Magazine, Jan. 9, 2011, quoted from New York Times website; accessed on June 19, 2017 (in English)
- ↑ Ashley Branca: Ex-NBA ref Tim Donaghy: 'Organized crime will always have a hand in sports' (Interview) In: The Guardian, May 22, 2015, quoted from The Guardian website; accessed on June 19, 2017 (in English)
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