Gerd Hegemann

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Gerd Hermann Hegemann (born September 5, 1912 in Warstein ; † January 28, 1999 in Munich ) was a German surgeon and university professor .

Origin, studies and career entry

Gerd Hegemann was the son of Ferdinand Hegemann, a doctor and director of a sanatorium, and his wife Hella, née Uhlenbrock. After graduating from high school in Brilon in 1931 , he first began studying law , but in the same year he switched to medical studies, which he completed at the universities of Freiburg im Breisgau, Bonn, Berlin and Münster. After the medical state examination, he was in 1936 at the University of Münster Dr. med. doctorate and obtained his medical license in 1937 . After a medical internship in Dresden, he was from the late summer of 1937 - interrupted by a six-month study stay in Lyon - in Münster as an assistant doctor at the Hygiene Institute with Karl Wilhelm Jötten and from 1939 at the Pathological Institute with Friedrich Klinge . He had been a member of the SA and the NSDAP since 1937 .

World War II - Medical Officer

At the beginning of the Second World War , Hegemann was initially a surgeon in a medical company. From August 1943 he worked as a research assistant to Paul Rostock at the Berlin Surgical University Clinic. In addition, the medical officer was a consulting surgeon at the Training Division C of the Military Medical Academy operates and from 1944 in the Department of "representative for medical science and research" Paul Rostock that the "Nazi general commissioner for medical and health care" Karl Brandt was subordinated . After the end of the war, Hegemann made an affidavit in defense of the accused Rostock at the Nuremberg medical trial .

Since 1944 he was married to Ursula Isphorsing.

After 1945

Habilitation in Marburg, surgery professorship in Erlangen and Wirken

From 1945 Hegemann worked at the Surgical Clinic of the University of Marburg , where he qualified as a professor in 1948 and then worked as a private lecturer and from 1953 as senior physician and from 1954 as an adjunct professor. At the beginning of November 1955 he was appointed full professor of surgery and director of the surgical university clinic at the University of Erlangen . He retired in early December 1977 .

Hegemann had on the entire field of surgery, but mainly in the field of cardiac and vascular surgery and the abdominal and thoracic surgery . In 1959 he carried out the first coronary venous bypass operation in Germany at the University Surgical Clinic in Erlangen . He pushed ahead with the expansion of the surgical clinic in Erlangen, which expanded considerably under his direction, and was the author of more than 100 medical specialist publications, including a textbook on surgical theory.

“Erlanger Professorenkrieg” - dispute with Julius Hackethal

In 1963/64, a bitter conflict between clinic director Hegemann and his long-time senior physician, the unscheduled professor Karl Heinz Hackethal, later known as Julius Hackethal , met with wide media coverage. The reason was the replacement of senior physician positions by Hegemann in November 1963, when Hackethal did not become deputy chief physician of the surgical clinic, as he had expected, but was even supposed to hand over the wards that he had previously headed.

Hackethal's sharp protests against this decision, which was perceived as a disadvantage, resulted in Hegemann feeling coerced and threatened by Hackethal, banning him from operating and bringing disciplinary proceedings against him. After Hackethal made suggestive remarks directed against Hegemann in his lecture on "General Surgery", the medical faculty passed a resolution in which his lectures were described as inadequate scientifically and his conduct as unworthy of a university professor. As a result, his teaching license was temporarily withdrawn. Hackethal, for his part, now tried by all means to obtain Hegemann's release; He accused him of numerous serious malpractice and an extremely high mortality rate in his operations, filed charges against him for “conducting human experiments with fatal outcome”, demanded the reopening of a case suspended in 1959 because of the death of a patient after a heart operation and tried with the public prosecutor's office Nuremberg and the Bavarian Ministry of Culture to enforce an operation ban for Hegemann. The conflict culminated in the fact that both opponents - unsuccessfully - applied for a gun license because they feared an attack by their opponent.

The dispute, which aroused considerable public attention, has meanwhile also worried patients and aroused concern among the medical profession; the professional association of Bavarian surgeons warned of a disruption of the relationship of trust between doctors and patients. Investigative proceedings were initiated against Hackethal and Hegemann, with the proceedings against Hegemann soon being discontinued as the allegations made proved to be irrelevant. Hackethal was recalled by the Ministry of Education as senior physician at the surgical clinic; An official criminal case was initiated against him for insulting, coercion and disruption of the service. Hackethal then resigned from his employment and civil service at the beginning of February 1964. The affair finally ended with Hackethal revoking all of the allegations he had made against Hegemann.

Honors and memberships

  • Member of the Physico-Medical Society (1956)
  • Chairman of the Bavarian Surgeons Association (1965) and later honorary member
  • Bavarian Order of Merit (1975)
  • Golden Ring of Honor of the City of Erlangen (1979)
  • Max Lebsche Medal of the Association of Bavarian Surgeons (1988)
  • Gerd Hegemann travel grant from the Association of Bavarian Surgeons

Fonts (selection)

  • Contribution to the knowledge of myoblastic fibroids , Bottrop i. W. 1937, (at the same time University of Münster, Med. Diss., 1938)
  • The individual reaction to surgical infection processes , Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1949 (at the same time University of Marburg, medical faculty, habilitation thesis of July 10, 1948)
  • General and special surgical operation theory , Springer-Verlag, 2nd edition, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 1958 (multi-part work)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Renate Wittern (ed.): The professors and lecturers at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen 1743 - 1960 , Part 2: Medical Faculty , Erlangen 1999, p. 71
  2. ↑ a b German Biographical Encyclopedia, Volume 4 Görres – Hittorp , Munich 2006, p. 554
  3. ↑ a b Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 237
  4. ↑ Development tape for microfiche edition: With an introduction by Angelika Ebbinghaus on the history of the process and short biographies of the process involved . P. 102. Karsten Linne (Ed.): The Nuremberg Medical Process 1946/47. Verbal transcripts, prosecution and defense material, sources on the environment. Published by Klaus Dörner , German edition, microfiche edition, Munich 1999 on behalf of the Hamburg Foundation for Social History of the 20th Century
  5. ↑ Pioneer of bypass surgery in Germany has died. On the death of Prof. Dr. Gerd Hegemann. In: Mediendienst AKTUELL No. 1789 from 02.02.1999. Press office of the University of Erlangen, February 2, 1999, accessed on January 18, 2016 .
  6. ↑ Napoleon in the clinic - affairs . In: Der Spiegel . tape 1964 , no. 6 . Hamburg February 5, 1964, p. 30–32 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 18, 2016]).
  7. ^ Paul Stein: Professors without pistols. The doctors' dispute came to an end quickly in Erlangen . In: Die Zeit , issue 28 of July 10, 1964
  8. ↑ Helmut Friess (Ed.): 100 YEARS Association of Bavarian Surgeons 1911–2011 , Aktiv Druck GmbH, Ebelsbach 2011, p. 270
  9. ↑ Helmut Friess (Ed.): 100 YEARS Association of Bavarian Surgeons 1911–2011 , Aktiv Druck GmbH, Ebelsbach 2011, p. 253
personal data
SURNAME Hegemann, Gerd
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hegemann, Gerd Hermann (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH September 5, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Warstein
DATE OF DEATH January 28, 1999
Place of death Munich