Karl Wilhelm Jötten

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Karl Wilhelm Jötten (born March 4, 1886 in Essen , † May 13, 1958 in Münster ) was a German bacteriologist , hygienist and eugenicist .

Life

Jötten studied at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität and had been a member of the KDStV Bavaria Bonn since 1906 .

The Friedrich-Wilhelms University in Berlin doctorate him in 1912 to Dr. med. In 1913 he went to the Charité women's clinic . In 1915 he turned to bacteriology and hygiene. He completed his habilitation in 1920 at the University of Leipzig . Appointed professor in 1923, he was appointed to the chair for hygiene at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in 1924 . There he founded the Hygiene Institute and on September 1, 1928 incorporated a state research department for industrial hygiene into it. His main field of work was the fight against tuberculosis . Karl Wilhelm Jötten was director of this institute before, during and after the Third Reich .

After the Reichstag election in March 1933 , Jötten tried to be accepted into the National Socialist German Workers' Party . Rejected as politically unreliable because of his ties to the Catholic milieu, he was only accepted on May 19, 1936 with retroactive effect to May 1, 1933. In 1933 the first "genetic hygienic examinations" appeared under his leadership. Together with a colleague, Jötten had carried out studies on over 4,300 auxiliary school children. The children between the ages of 7 and 15 were counted, weighed, measured and tested. In 1935, as a speaker at the International Congress for Population Science, together with Heinrich Reploh, he represented the thesis that auxiliary school students should be "eliminated from the reproductive process".

After the end of the war he was allowed to stay at the Westphalian Wilhelms University. He devoted himself to industrial hygiene and dust lung research . In 1955 he retired .

Following critical press releases, the Westphalian Wilhelms University commissioned a commission to examine Jötten's role in the Third Reich. According to this, Jöttens provided a justification for the forced sterilization of around 100,000 children in Germany in his "Erbhygienische [n] examinations on auxiliary school children". The publication did not meet the scientific standards that were already in force at the time and, according to the commission, was apparently only intended to present politically usable results. There is no evidence of Jötten's direct involvement in the forced sterilization procedures. But until 1945 he was in charge of further dissertations and habilitations on racial hygiene and racial research.

Honors

Publications

  • The information and welfare office for lung patients as it is and how it should be. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1923 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • with Wilhelm Arnoldi (and Thea Kortmann): industrial dust and pulmonary tuberculosis (steel, porcelain, coal, lime dust and soot). A literary and experimental study. 3 parts. Springer, Berlin 1927-1932.

editor

  • with Wilhelm Weber: Textbook of health care . Berlin 1932.
  • The pneumonia diseases . Darmstadt 1950.

literature

  • Jan Nikolas Dicke: Eugenics and Racial Hygiene in Münster . Weißensee-Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-89998-035-2 (As eugenics and racial hygiene in the scientific discourse of the university and the health system of the city of Münster 1918-1939 graduation from the University of Münster 2001).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dissertation: About solid placental tumors .
  2. ^ Habilitation thesis: Studies on yeast culture media .
  3. ↑ a b Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 (= Fischer. Volume 16048). Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-596-16048-0 , p. 288; Online documentation from the city of Münster.
  4. ↑ See Jan Nikolas Dicke: Eugenik und Rassenhygiene in Münster between 1918 and 1939. Weißensee-Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-89998-035-2 . (= Berlin Contributions to Contemporary History, Vol. 3.)
  5. ^ Münster University of Applied Sciences: Nazi period at the university: New findings, new gaps , Westfälische Nachrichten , February 28, 2010
  6. ^ Hans-Ulrich Thamer : Statement of the commission on the scientific work of the hygienist Prof. Karl Wilhelm Jötten in the Nazi era , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität
  7. ↑ Office of the Federal President
  8. ^ Winner of the Cothenius Medal. In: www.leopoldina.org. Retrieved October 15, 2012 .
  9. ↑ Street names currently under discussion . Munster . Retrieved August 24, 2012.
personal data
SURNAME Jötten, Karl Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German bacteriologist and hygienist
DATE OF BIRTH March 4, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH eat
DATE OF DEATH May 13, 1958
Place of death Muenster