Eschweiler-Stolberg area
The Eschweiler-Stolberg area is the central part of the Aachen city region in the North Rhine-Westphalian administrative district of Cologne , which consists of the traditional industrial cities of Stolberg (Rhld.) And Eschweiler , with a shared industrial history spanning centuries. Around 113,000 people live here on 174.44 km² (649 inhabitants / km²) (as of December 2018), which would correspond to a city the size of Bremerhaven, Koblenz or Recklinghausen. Eschweiler is known as the "cradle of Rhenish mining" and Stolberg as the " oldest brass town in the world ". A merger of the two cities was considered in the course of the municipal reorganization at the beginning of the 1970s , but not implemented.
Location and landscape
The Eschweiler-Stolberg area lies in a north-south direction between the northern district of Aachen and the old district of Monschau and in a west-east direction between the city of Aachen and the district of Düren . In a broader sense, for historical reasons, the southwest of today's municipality of Langerwehe around the towns of Hamich , Heistern , Schönthal and Wenau can also be added.
The landscape lies between the High Fens and Jülich-Zülpicher Börde on the northern edge of the Eifel . The largest bodies of water are the artificial Blausteinsee , the Wehebachtalsperre , the Inde , the Vicht and the Omerbach . Via the two areas Pump-Stich / Velau / Steinfurt and Werth / Hastenrath / Scherpenseel , the two cities form a contiguous settlement area that is only separated by the two larger forest areas of Eschweiler Stadtwald and Propsteier Forest . Common to the room is the characteristic Galmeiflora ; see also nature in Stolberg (Rhld.) .
The following areas have a common history:
- In 1823 mill came from Eschweiler to Stolberg
- In 1932 Hastenrath came to Eschweiler and the Hastenrather Zipfel to Gressenich and Stolberg
- In 1935 Velau , Steinfurt , Birkengang , Donnerberg , Duffenter , Steinbachshochwald and the Stolberg train station came from Eschweiler to Stolberg
- In 2004 the southern part of the Probsteier forest ( Camp Astrid ) came from Eschweiler to Stolberg
Joint management and collaboration
The Eschweiler-Stolberg area belongs to the guard service south of Police Inspection 2 in Stolberg, to the regional constituency of Aachen IV , to the district of the former Stolberg Chamber of Commerce , to the former canton of Eschweiler and to the Stolberg branch of IG Metall . It forms the district of the Eschweiler District Court , the double mail routing area 52200/52230, the Eschweiler / Stolberg directorate of the Sparkasse Aachen and the bank location 393 of the Deutsche Bundesbank . It is also the core area of landscape plan 3 Eschweiler / Stolberg of the Aachen city region and the core supply area of the EWV, which emerged from the Eschweiler-Stolberg GmbH light and power plants . A joint training exchange takes place every year - in even years in Eschweiler, in odd years in Stolberg. Other collaborations are, for example, the “Palliative Network Stolberg-Eschweiler”, a joint youth shelter from the Eschweiler Haus St. Josef and Stolberger Agnesheim, the A4 initiative and “Camp Astrid CO2 Zero”.
Euregio Railport
As part of the expansion of the Stolberg train station into a freight traffic distribution center (Euregio-Railport), the Aue station area will also be included. The station currently has 6 tracks:
- Track 1, main track
- Track 2, passing track, usable length 300 m
- Track 3, siding, usable length 200 m
- Track 4, siding, usable length 250 m
- Track 5, siding, usable length 177 m
- Track 6, siding, usable length 170 m
Since January 2019, the primary products for the Eschweiler tube factory ESW have been reloaded in the Aue station . The EVS Euregio Verkehrsschienennetz has refurbished its freight station there and created a large loading area, leading to the Euregio Railport with a branch in Aue. So far, the primary products coming from Italy and Croatia have been handled in the Stolberg freight yard area of Atsch on Haldenstrasse and delivered to the pipe works by truck.
Industrial history
The common history of the Eschweiler-Stolberg area in the Aachen district has been shaped by ore, hard coal and lignite mining as well as by the metal processing, glass and chemical industries for centuries. While Stolberg and the surrounding area were shaped by the Reidemeister and the copper masters who had lived in Stolberg since the 16th century due to the Aachen religious unrest , Eschweiler and the surrounding area were shaped by the Eschweiler Mining Association , which was formed by Johann Peter Wältgens and Christine Englerth , as well as the mining industry, which was owned by the Wältgens-Englerth family of hard coal in the Indian region and lignite in the north.
Remnants of the early and intensive industrialization are numerous heaps, both Eschweiler Halden and Stolberger Halden . The Zinkhütter Hof museum in the Münsterbusch district of Stolberg is a museum for the industrial history of the common economic area.
The Celts and later the Romans were active in mining in the area of today's two middle centers . Last but not least, they left behind the legends of the Killewittchen , the Quärrismännchen, the dwarfs of the Tatternsteinen and the sunken city of Gression . Since then, the mining of hard coal and zinc has been closely linked ; see the Gressenicher bucket , the snake mountain , calamine and limonite . In both cities there were zinc works , copper courtyards , copper mills and "pits" called mines ; Added to this are the riding workshops , especially in Stolberg .
The ores owe the area the special geological conditions of Stolberg . The Vichtbach , which ran lengthways through the city, was decisive for Stolberg's industrialization , while the Inde , which ran across Eschweiler and Weisweiler , served millers and dyers.
The Hoeschs worked in both cities with Eberhard Hoesch and Jeremias Hoesch . Other important entrepreneurs were James Cockerill , Hugo Merckens , William Prym , August Thyssen , Friedrich Thyssen and Michael Wirtz as well as the Neuman , Peltzer and Schleicher families .
Zinc, lead and silver smelters
In the 19th century , the " Eschweiler Gesellschaft " was active for the three zinc smelters Birkengang , Steinfurt and Velau in what was then the Eschweiler urban area, and in 1935, after these mines and zinc smelters were closed, the area was incorporated into Stolberg. The zinc smelter Münsterbusch was also located in the area of the former municipality of Büsbach until it was incorporated in 1935 .
The "Eschweiler Gesellschaft" was taken over in 1926 by the " Stolberger Gesellschaft ".
Other huts in the Büsbacher / Stolberg area were / is the Binsfeldhammer lead smelter , the Luzilia lead smelter and the Münsterbusch lead and silver smelter .
Brown coal
In the north of Eschweiler, from 1910 to the 1990s, the " Opencast Mine Future " was located in the Rhenish lignite district . From 1950 to 1985 u. a. Erberich , Langendorf , Langweiler , Laurenzberg , Lohn , Lürken , Obermerz , Pattern , Pützlohn and Velau excavated. The Weisweiler power plant there is currently fed from the " Inden opencast mine ".
Glassworks
There were numerous glassworks, factories and factories in Münsterbusch and the Velau . In 1863, Saint-Gobain bought the Stolberg mirror manufacture and began building a new factory at the current location in Schnorrenfeld at the confluence of the Vichtbach and the Inde. Germany's first cast glass hall was built here in 1866. The company still exists today.
Ore mines in today's urban areas
Abbreviations: Au gold , Fe iron ore , FeS 2 fool's gold ( pyrite ), Pb lead or white lead ore ( cerussite ), Zn zinc ore or calamine ( smithsonite )
| place | Pit name | year |
|---|---|---|
| Breinig | Breinigerberg ore mine Fe , Pb , Zn | 17th century - 1883 |
| Breinig | Cornelia Fe ore mine | 1853-1922; owned by the EBV |
| Breinig | Pit Julius Fe | |
| Breinig | Stockumerberg | |
| Büsbach | Büsbacherberg-Brockenberg ore mine Fe , Pb , Zn | until 1889 |
| Dorff | Cornelia Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Duffenter | Bilstein mine Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Duffenter | Pit Jeremias Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Eilendorf | Atsch mine in Münsterkohlberg | 15th century - 1870 |
| Eschweiler | Glücksburg mine in the Propsteier forest | |
| Gressenich | Anna Fe | |
| Gressenich | Burgholz | |
| Gressenich | Diepenlinchen ore mine Fe , Pb , Zn | 17th century - 1919 |
| Gressenich | Römerfeld Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Gressenich | Sussendell Fe | |
| Hastenrath | Albert pit Fe , Pb , Zn | 1846-1906 |
| Hastenrath | Castle Hill Fe | |
| Hastenrath | Ore mine satisfaction | 1829-1863 |
| Mausbach | Aline Fe | |
| Mausbach | Erfelbusch Fe | |
| Munsterbusch | James pit in Münsterkohlberg with the zinc hut St. Heinrichhütte Münsterbusch Fe , Pb , Zn | 1825-1891 |
| Munsterbusch | Wilhelmine Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Nothberg | Ore Mine For Good Hope | 1880-1884 |
| Stolberg | Binsfeldhammer lead works with Dommelstein and armor Fe , Pb , Zn | since 1846 |
| Stolberg | Hammerberg Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Stolberg | Hassenberg Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Stolberg | Petersglück Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Stolberg | Wolfeter Hope Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Vicht | Conrad Au | |
| Vicht | Henriette Au | |
| Vicht | Nightingale Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Vicht | Pfeifenberg Fe , Pb , Zn | |
| Doubt | Altwerk Fe | |
| Doubt | Neuwerk Fe | |
| Doubt | Leo Fe | |
| Doubt | Münsterfeld Pb , FeS 2 , Zn | |
| Doubt | Rochenberg Pb |
- Breinig was incorporated into Stolberg (Rhld.) In 1972.
- Büsbach with Dorff and Münsterbusch were incorporated into Stolberg (Rhld.) In 1935.
- Duffenter came from Eschweiler to Stolberg (Rhld.) In 1935.
- Parts of Eilendorf - mainly the Atsch - were incorporated into Stolberg (Rhld.) In 1935. The remaining Eilendorf was incorporated into the city of Aachen in 1972 .
- Gressenich with Mausbach and Vicht were incorporated into Stolberg (Rhld.) In 1972.
- Hastenrath was independent until 1932. In 1932, the southern part of the mayor's area came to Gressenich, together with the already closed ore mine, and the northern part, together with Scherpenseel , Volkenrath , Bohl and Nothberg, to Eschweiler.
- Zweifall came from what was then the Monschau an Stolberg (Rhld.) District in 1972 .
Coal mines in the Indian area in today's urban areas
Abbreviations: A outer works of Eschweiler Kohlberg , B inner works of Eschweiler Kohlberg, M Münsterkohlberg , W Weisweiler Kohlberg
Aue , Birkengang (since 1935 in Stolberg) and the Propsteier Wald are also included in the southern Eschweiler district of Pump-Stich .
| place | Pit name | business |
|---|---|---|
| Atsch | Atsch A mine | 14th century - 1784 and 1834 - 1870 |
| Eschweiler | Ichenberg mine B | until 1825 |
| Munsterbusch | Pit James M | 1825-1891 |
| Nothberg | Pit reserve B | 1833-1944 |
| Pump stitch | Aue B pit | |
| Pump stitch | Birkengang Pit A | 1581-1883 |
| Pump stitch | Christine A | |
| Pump stitch | Centrum B pit | 1805-1891 |
| Pump stitch | Propstei A mine | 17th century - 1879 |
| Weisweiler | Weisweiler W | |
| Weisweiler | Wilhelm W pit | 17th century - 1874 |
Major companies
Postcodes
A close connection between the area around Stolberg and Eschweiler can be seen in the postcodes introduced in 1961 as well as in 1993 .
In 1961, the zip code 518 was valid for the then urban area of Eschweiler, whereby three districts had to be written with a hyphen: 518 Eschweiler-Hastenrath , 518 Eschweiler-Scherpenseel and 518 Eschweiler-Volkenrath . The following 15 localities outside the urban area belonged to the area 518 with the addition / via Eschweiler : 5181 Fronhoven , 5181 Hamich , 5181 Hehlrath , 5181 Heistern , 5181 Kinzweiler , 5181 Laurenzberg , 5181 Lohn , 5181 Merzbrück , 5181 Sankt Jöris , 5181 Schevenhütte , 5181 Schönthal , 5181 Wenau , 5182 Weisweiler , 5183 Dürwiß and 5184 Gressenich . Hamich, Heistern, Schönthal and Wenau have been districts of Langerwehe and Schevenhütte since 1972 and Gressenich have been districts of Stolberg since 1972.
The postal code 519 was valid in 1961 for the then urban area of Stolberg, whereby six districts had to be written with a hyphen: 519 Stolberg (Rheinl) -Büsbach , 519 Stolberg (Rheinl) -Buschmühle , 519 Stolberg (Rheinl) -Donnerberg , 519 Stolberg (Rheinl) -Dorff , 519 Stolberg (Rheinl) -Kohlbusch and 519 Stolberg (Rheinl) -Münsterbusch . The following 5 localities outside the urban area belonged to the area 519 with the addition / via Stolberg (Rheinl) : 5191 Werth , 5192 Mausbach , 5193 Breinig , 5194 Vicht and 5195 Zweifall . The old area 519 has been completely Stolberg area since 1972.
From 1972 to 1993 only 5180 Eschweiler (Rheinl) and 5190 Stolberg (Rheinl) were valid .
Since 1993 there has been the control area 52200-52224 for Stolberg (Rhld.) And the control area 52230-52249 for Eschweiler. The numbers 52250 up to and including 52299 are currently not assigned.
Sights (selection)
Kupferhof Rosenthal in Unterstolberg
Pump house in pump stitch
Hard coal mine cart of the EBV
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ IG Metall Stolberg
- ↑ Landscape plan 3 Eschweiler / Stolberg ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ History of the ERA ( Memento of the original from September 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Joint training exchange of the cities of Stolberg and Eschweiler in: Press releases-nrw.de from May 5, 2010 ( Memento of the original from June 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Palliative network of the cities of Stolberg and Eschweiler
- ↑ a4-initiative.de
- ↑ Galminus, the Stolberger Galmeizwerg on stolberg.de from March 26, 2011
- ↑ http://www.pressglas-korrespondenz.de/aktuelles/pdf/pk-2000-1w-garcke-stolberg-siegwart.pdf Glass from Stolberg
