Wittgenstein district
coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ' N , 8 ° 23' E |
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Basic data (as of 1974) | |
Existing period: | 1816-1974 |
State : | North Rhine-Westphalia |
Administrative region : | Arnsberg |
Administrative headquarters : | Bad Berleburg |
Area : | 488.66 km 2 |
Residents: | 45,500 (Dec. 31, 1973) |
Population density : | 93 inhabitants per km 2 |
License plate : | SU |
Circle key : | 05 8 42 |
Circle structure: | 57 municipalities |
District Administrator : | Werner Möhl ( SPD ) |
Location of the Wittgenstein district in North Rhine-Westphalia | |
The Wittgenstein district was a district in the Arnsberg administrative district that existed from 1816 to 1974 . With this he first belonged to the Prussian province of Westphalia , from 1946 to the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia . From 1939 to 1969 the administrative unit was called the Wittgenstein district . The district town was Berleburg . The legal successor in 1975 was the "new" district of Siegen, which since 1984 has been called the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein .
geography
Important communities
The former district area, which is often used synonymously with Wittgensteiner Land , is mainly divided between the present-day towns of Bad Berleburg , Bad Laasphe and today's municipality of Erndtebrück in the northeastern part of the Siegen-Wittgenstein district , and to a small extent also in the town of Winterberg in the Hochsauerland district .
Area and population
Currently around 45,000 people live in the area (June 30, 2002: 44,678), which means a population density of 92 inhabitants per km² over an area of 487.57 km² (1974) .
Neighboring areas
In 1974, the Wittgenstein district bordered clockwise in the north, beginning with the Meschede and Brilon districts (both in North Rhine-Westphalia), the Frankenberg and Biedenkopf districts (both in Hesse ) and the Siegen and Olpe districts (both North Rhine-Westphalia).
history
The Wittgensteiner Land was part of the County of Wittgenstein in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern Age and as such was ultimately divided under the lines Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein . In 1806 the areas that had meanwhile been prince fell to Hessen-Darmstadt . During this time, the residents of the two areas had to pay the taxes unchanged to the old rulers and also pay the taxes of the new rule Hessen-Darmstadt , which led to an additional impoverishment of the already economically disadvantaged population.
The protests of the population against this fact contributed to the fact that, with the reorganization of the German Confederation, the two areas fell to Prussia by a treaty between Austria , Prussia and Hesse-Darmstadt of June 30, 1816. Both countries were then combined by the new rule to form the Wittgenstein district and an assignment to the Koblenz administrative district in the Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine province was considered.
When the province of Westphalia was reorganized under Ludwig von Vincke , the district was assigned to the administrative district of Arnsberg by the royal cabinet order of February 23, 1817 . A problem with the infrastructure of the district arose: The district had very few roads and paths to the neighboring Sauerland, and Prussia had to accept very high costs in order to connect Wittgenstein to Westphalia . The takeover of the area by Prussia led to an improvement in the poor living conditions of the population.
The district was initially divided into the 18 mayor districts of Berleburg, Wemlinghausen, Berghausen, Dotzlar, Womelsdorf, Wingeshausen, Girkhausen, Astenberg, Laasphe, Puderbach, Saßmannshausen, Feudingen, Banfe, Fischelbach, Erndtebrück, Arfeld, Schwarzenau and Elsoff.
As part of the introduction of the rural community order for the province of Westphalia, offices were formed in 1845 . In the Wittgenstein district there have since been two unofficial cities and five offices with a total of 53 municipalities and two manor districts:
Wittgenstein district (1845–1932) | |
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Office | Communities |
free of charge | Berleburg and Laasphe |
Arfeld | Alertshausen , Arfeld , Beddelhausen , Elsoff , Richstein , Sassenhausen , Schwarzenau , Stünzel and Weidenhausen |
Request | Banfe , Bermershausen , Bernshausen , Fischelbach , Heiligenborn , Herbertshausen , Hesselbach , Holzhausen , Kunst-Wittgenstein , Niederlaasphe , Puderbach , Saßmannshausen and the Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein estate |
Berghausen | Aue , Balde , Berghausen , Birkefehl , Birkelbach , Dotzlar , Hemschlar , Raumland , Rinthe , Wingeshausen and Womelsdorf |
Erndtebrück | Amtshausen , Benfe , Erndtebrück , Feudingen , Großenbach , Oberndorf , Rückershausen , Rüppershausen , Schameder , Steinbach , Volkholz , Weide and Zinse |
Girkhausen | Diedenshausen , Girkhausen , Langewiese , Mollseifen , Neuastenberg , Schüllar , Wemlighausen , Wunderthausen and the Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg estate |
In 1932 the manor districts were abolished and the offices reorganized. The three offices of Arfeld, Berghausen and Girkhausen were merged to form the office of Berleburg . At the same time, the Laasphe office was formed from the Banfe office and the southern part of the Erndtebrück office . Since then, the Wittgenstein district has consisted of two unofficial cities and three offices with a total of 53 municipalities belonging to the office:
Wittgenstein District (1932–1974) | |
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Office | Communities |
free of charge | Berleburg and Laasphe |
Berleburg | Alertshausen , Arfeld , Aue , Balde , Beddelhausen , Berghausen , Birkefehl , Birkelbach , Diedenshausen , Dotzlar , Elsoff , Girkhausen , Hemschlar , Long Meadow , Mollseifen , Neuastenberg , room country , Richstein , Rinthe , Sassenhausen , Schüllar , Schwarzenau , Stünzel , Weidenhausen , Wemlighausen , Wingeshausen , Womelsdorf and Wunderthausen |
Laasphe | Amtshausen , Banfe , Bermershausen , Bernshausen , Feudingen , Fischelbach , Großenbach , Heiligenborn , Herbertshausen , Hesselbach , Holzhausen , Kunst-Wittgenstein , Niederlaasphe , Oberndorf , Puderbach , Rückershausen , Rüppershausen , Saßmannshausen , Steinbach , Volkholz and Weide |
Erndtebrück | Benfe , Erndtebrück , Schameder and Zinse |
On October 1, 1969, the district became the Wittgenstein district.
On January 1, 1975, the district and with it the offices of Berleburg, Laasphe and Erndtebrück were dissolved due to the Sauerland / Paderborn law . The area of the circle remained almost unchanged from its establishment in 1816 until its dissolution. Legal successor is the Siegen-Wittgenstein District , which was initially founded as the Siegen District . A smaller part of the old district, namely the Wittgensteiner Höhendörfer Neuastenberg , Langewiese , Mollseifen and Hoheleye , founded at the beginning of the 18th century , was incorporated into the newly created Hochsauerlandkreis . At the same time, the communities received their current layout.
Population development
year | Residents | source |
---|---|---|
1819 | 16,166 | |
1832 | 18.406 | |
1871 | 19,789 | |
1880 | 20,352 | |
1890 | 22,025 | |
1900 | 23,318 | |
1910 | 25,474 | |
1925 | 27,493 | |
1939 | 28,357 | |
1950 | 42,221 | |
1960 | 41,700 | |
1970 | 45,500 | |
1973 | 45,500 |
politics
Results of the district elections from 1946
The list only shows parties and constituencies that received at least two percent of the votes in the respective election.
Share of votes of the parties in percent
year | SPD | CDU | FDP | UWG |
---|---|---|---|---|
1946 | 37.5 | 60.5 | ||
1948 | 46.1 | 51.6 | ||
1952 | 37.1 | 25.4 | 34.9 | |
1956 1 | 43.5 | 27.7 | 22.4 | |
1961 2 | 38.5 | 33.2 | 17.3 | |
1964 | 44.2 | 32.3 | 12.8 | 8.9 |
1969 | 49.2 | 33.4 | 11.9 | 5.1 |
Footnotes
1 1956: additionally: FVP: 6.4%
2 1961: additionally: DP: 8.5%
District administrators
Prussian period 1816 to 1946
- 1817–1830 Friedrich August Jost
- 1831–1850 Wilhelm Friedrich Groos
- 1851–1854 Bruno von Schrötter
- 1854–1855 Jost (acting)
- 1855–1867 Julius von Oven
- 1867–1890 Wilhelm von Schroetter
- 1890–1891 Count Görtz-Wrisberg
- 1891–1905 Kurt von Gersdorff
- 1905–1911 Karl Schroeder
- 1911–1917 Karl von Hartmann-Krey
- 1917–1929 Erich Kretschmar
- 1929–1933 Eberhard Brossok
- 1933 Herbert Müller (substitute)
- 1934–1935 Karl von Rumohr
- 1936 Heinrich Jansen
- 1936–1938 Otto Gail
- 1938 Alfred Pönisch
- 1938–1940 Friedrich surcharge
- 1940 Hermann Rotberg
- 1940–1942 Heinrich Jansen
- 1942–1945 Otto Marloh
- 1945 Schläper
- 1945 Wendland
- 1945–1946 Carl Nacken
Period of municipal dual leadership from 1946 to 1974
- 1946 Reinhold Adolf Liebetanz (substitute)
- 1946–1948 Hans Sandkuhl , CDU
- 1948–1952 Ewald Belz , CDU
- 1952–1958 Hans-Joachim Osterrath
- 1958–1961 Georg-Heinrich Treude , CDU
- 1961–1963 Heinz Müller , FDP
- 1963–1966 Ludwig Bade , SPD
- 1966–1974 Werner Möhl , SPD
Upper District Directors
- 1946 Carl Nacken
- 1946 Reinhold Adolf Liebetanz
- 1946–1952 Kurt-Werner bazaar
- 1952–1955 Paul Lemnitz
- 1955–1962 Gustav Richter
- 1962–1974 Wilfried Lückert
(Source: Timetable of the district administrators and district directors of the Wittgenstein district / November 10, 2009)
coat of arms
Of 6 April 1966 to the dissolution of the circle 1974, the county Wittgenstein was wearing the coat of arms in 1360 extinct Counts of Wittgenstein . This coat of arms was adopted on October 1, 1999 in the coat of arms of the Siegen-Wittgenstein district .
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign BLB with the introduction of the license plates that are still valid today . It was issued until December 31, 1974. Since November 13, 2012, it has been available again in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district due to the license plate liberalization .
literature
- Wilhelm von Schroetter: Statistical description of the district of Wittgenstein , Berleburg 1875 ( digitized version )
Web links
- Bibliography Wittgenstein (references to many Wittgenstein topics: history, church, nature and landscape, communities, etc.)
- Wittgensteiner Heimatverein (information pages of the Wittgensteiner Heimatverein)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Westfalenlexikon 1832–1835 . In: Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (Ed.): Reprints for the Westphalian archive maintenance . tape 3 . Münster 1978, p. 128 (reprint of the original from 1834).
- ↑ Landgemeinde -ordnung for the Province of Westphalia from October 31, 1841 (PDF; 1.6 MB)
- ^ Official Journal for the administrative district of Arnsberg 1845: Formation of the offices in the Wittgenstein district. Retrieved February 2, 2014 .
- ^ Wolfgang Leesch: Administration in Westphalia 1815-1945 . In: Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia . tape 38 . Aschendorff, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-06845-1 .
- ^ Community of Erndtebrück: History of Erndtebrück (pdf, page 9)
- ↑ Announcement of the new version of the district regulations for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from August 11, 1969 in the Law and Ordinance Gazette for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, year 1969, No. 2021, p. 670 ff.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 337 .
- ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ a b Community encyclopedia Westphalia, 1887, p. 131
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. wittgenstein.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1975
- ↑ Source: respective issue of the State Statistical Office (LDS NRW), Mauerstr. 51, Düsseldorf, with the election results at the district level.
- ↑ Timetable of the district administrators and district directors of the Wittgenstein district . Siegen-Wittgenstein district. Retrieved June 25, 2019.