Engelbert III. von der Mark (Cologne)

Coat of arms of the Counts of the Mark

Engelbert von der Mark silver coin from the Seraing treasure trove

Engelbert von der Mark (* 1304 ; † 25 August 1368 ) was called Engelbert III. from 1364 to 1368 he was elector and archbishop of Cologne . He was previously Bishop of Liege .

Life

He was the second son of Count Engelbert II von der Mark and his wife Mechthild von Arenberg . His brothers were Adolf II von der Mark , Eberhard I. von der Marck-Arenberg , Everhard von der Mark (cathedral provost in Münster) and a sister Katharina was abbess of the Essen monastery.

Under the influence of his uncle Adolf II , the bishop of Liège , he became provost of the cathedral in Liège in 1332. Engelbert was also mentioned as provost of Cologne.

In 1345 after the death of his uncle, Bishop Adolf II, he was taken over by Pope Clement VI. appointed Bishop of Liège. Already at the time of his predecessor there were conflicts with the stands and he had to flee from time to time. After he took office, disagreements over a court ruling led to an alliance of various cities against him. Engelbert, for his part, turned to the other estates, who insisted on the guarantee of the old rights for their support.

The episcopal feudal people joined Engelbert so that he could fight the cities from Maastricht . The bishop was supported by King John of Bohemia and various neighboring rulers. However, his army suffered a heavy defeat in which 40 high nobles and 400 knights were killed. The allied cities destroyed some episcopal castles and occupied others. A truce was signed and negotiations started. Since Engelbert did not agree to transform the lay jury into a purely municipal body, he renewed the war in July 1347. His army reportedly comprised 25,000 men. This defeated the contingent of the cities in the battle of Walesse. The cities are said to have lost about 10,000 men. The episcopal troops looted or destroyed some enemy locations.

On July 28th the Peace of Waroux was made. The cities had to recognize the bishop's previous rulership rights and pay him 140,000 gold guilders in damages. Conversely, the bishop recognized the existing rights of the cities and their covenant. Nothing changed in the situation of the jury. The cities won Johann III. Duke of Brabant as guarantor of the agreement. Later the agreement between the bishop and the cities was revised.

In 1362 he also applied for the chair of Archbishop of Cologne , but was defeated by his nephew, who later became Archbishop of Cologne, Adolf II von der Mark . When his nephew resigned from office in 1364, Engelbert was made Archbishop of Cologne by Pope Urban V. In return, however, he pledged the Electoral Cologne office of Rheinberg, Kempen, Oedt and 5,000 Reichsmarks to him. As a result, the Mark's influence in the Westphalian region increased significantly. As a result, the county of Arnsberg in particular came under pressure from the Duchy of Westphalia in Cologne . Engelbert withdrew Count Gottfried IV von Arnsberg's office as Marshal of Westphalia .

Engelbert, who was almost incapable of office due to illness and age, was persuaded by the Cologne cathedral chapter to accept a coadjutor in 1366 . Thus, Kuno II. Von Falkenstein , the Archbishop of Trier , was appointed coadjutor. This mediated the dispute between the Counts of the Mark and those of Arnsberg. While the Archbishop was still alive, negotiations took place on the sale of the County of Arnsberg to the Archbishopric of Cologne.

Engelbert died on August 25, 1368 and was buried in a high grave in the Kreuzkapelle of Cologne Cathedral .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ As the third Archbishop of Cologne with the name Engelbert he is there as Engelbert III. known from the Mark , but he is not identical to Count Engelbert III. von der Mark , the third Count von der Mark with this first name, who was a nephew of his
2. ^ H. Leo: The territories of the German Empire in the Middle Ages since the 13th century. Vol. 2, Halle 1867, p. 72f.
3. ↑ Michael Gosmann: The Counts of Arnsberg and their county. In: Harm Klueting (Ed.): The Duchy of Westphalia. Vol.1: The Duchy of Westphalia in Cologne from the beginnings of Cologne rule in southern Westphalia up to secularization in 1803. Münster, 2009 p.197
4. ^ FJ Mehler: History of the City of Werl. Werl, 1891 p.93, Michael Gosmann: The Counts of Arnsberg and their county. In: Harm Klueting (Ed.): The Duchy of Westphalia. Vol.1: The Duchy of Westphalia from the beginning of Cologne's rule in southern Westphalia to the secularization of 1803. Münster, 2009 p.198

predecessor	Office	successor
Adolf II of the Mark	Archbishop Elector of Cologne 1364–1368	Friedrich III. from Saar Werden
Adolf II of the Mark	Bishop of Liège 1345–1364	John IV of Arkel