Pigtail

This article covers the Essen district. For a braid as a hairstyle, see braid

Braid district of Essen
Basic data
surface	4.27  km²
Residents	6940 (March 31, 2020)
Coordinates	51 ° 25 '11 "  N , 6 ° 57' 32"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 25 '11 "  N , 6 ° 57' 32"  E
height	119  m
Incorporation	Apr 1, 1915
Spatial assignment
Post Code	45149
District number	28
district	District III Essen-West
image
Complete overview of the braid from the southeast (2009)
Source: City of Essen statistics

View from the northeast of the "Neue Mitte" shopping center and the central intersection of Hatzper Strasse and Raadter Strasse

Haarzopf is a district in the southwest of the city of Essen .

character

Haarzopf mainly consists of residential development as well as green, forest and agricultural areas. The district is bordered by the Mülheim district of Heißen in the west, Fulerum in the north , Margarethenhöhe in the east and Schuir in the south .

It spreads from the central intersection of Erbach in four directions, along Hatzper Strasse (west and east), Humboldtstrasse (north) and Raadter Strasse (south). There are individual shops and restaurants around the central intersection and along Humboldtstrasse and Hatzper Strasse. There is also the community elementary school on Raadter Straße.

Between Hatzper Strasse, Kirschbaumsweg, Humboldtstrasse and Fulerumer Strasse, the Neue Mitte Haarzopf opened on April 2nd, 2008 . It is a business complex with retail, medical practices and a savings bank. The topping-out ceremony was in October 2007. To the north of the center, 238 parking spaces have been created, as well as a rainwater retention basin. The SuS Haarzopf sports field is located on Föhrenweg.

traffic

Haarzopf is crossed by the A 52 , and the district borders directly on the Essen / Mülheim airfield . In the 1970s, a four-lane road including a tram was planned as an extension of Fulerumer Straße as a connection from the A 40 , at that time still Bundesstraße 1, directly to the A 52, based on the slogan at the time: "Only five minutes to the motorway". This traffic artery should be lined with up to six-story residential buildings. Citizens' initiatives prevented this project at the time.

Local public transport (ÖPNV):

Trams ran to Haarzopf until the end of September 1980. The final points were the Erbach track loop, which finally disappeared in mid- 2008 with the construction of the Neue Haarzopfer , and the track triangle at the Fängershof.

On June 14, 2015, the then Essener Verkehrs-AG , today's Ruhrbahn , made an adjustment to the bus network, so that currently the bus routes 130, 136, 145 and 194 as well as the night express NE10 connect with Haarzopf. Since autumn 2003, a citizens' bus has been connecting Haarzopf and Margarethenhöhe with Messe Essen and the Alfried Krupp Hospital in Rüttenscheid .

population

On March 31, 2020, 6,940 residents lived in Haarzopf.

Structural data of the population in Haarzopf (as of March 31, 2020):

• Proportion of population under 18-year-olds: 14.7% (Essen average: 16.2%)
• Share of the population of at least 65-year-olds: 30.6% (Essen average: 21.5%)
• Proportion of foreigners: 3.5% (Essen average: 16.9%)

history

Braids belonged to the Broich rule in the late Middle Ages and early modern times . First mentioned in a deed of donation says: The Counts of Berg donated Hartzappe to Werden monastery in 1215 . More precisely, the two Haarzopfer farms Birkmannshof and Eichholzhof were given away. In addition, the Neulenhof and the Scheppershof of the Count of Isenberg , as well as the Bowermannshof of the Johanniter Hospital in Duisburg , were located on Haarzopfer area . The name Hartzappe means Appe (actually Apa ) “flowing water”. Some linguists interpret Hartz as "deer" or "forest". According to this, Hartzappe could be translated as Waldbach or Hirschbach, and it is assumed that Hirschbach was the name of the stream that flows through Haarzopf today and is called Steinbach. 1582 one finds the name Haftzbeek , whereby Beek denotes the brook. From this the name Harzper and finally Hatzper developed over time . The place has been called Haarzopf since 1830.

In 1360 the Stein house, located on the Haarzopfer area, was first mentioned. Around 1550 the house was expanded into a moated castle.

Belonging to the municipality of Mülheim since 1808 , Haarzopf fell to the newly created mayor's office of Mülheim in 1847 and in 1879 became part of the mayor's office in Heißen, which emerged from the mayor's office . With the dissolution of the district of Mülheim an der Ruhr in 1910, Haarzopf was added to the district of Essen. Haarzopf has belonged to the city of Essen since April 1, 1915.

The course of today's Hatzper Strasse was not yet recognizable on a map from 1803. The only street name was Markenweg. It ran from Raadter Strasse, at house numbers 15/17, into Haarzopfer Mark . This was a joint property of "trademark owners" land and farm owners. They could graze their cattle there or cut wood. On a map from 1907, when Haarzopf belonged to the mayor's office in Heißen, the course of Hatzper Strasse coming from Bredeney can be identified as a straight line without a name. Furthermore, the houses are distributed in the landscape, but numbered consecutively. The land was mostly grassland and arable land with some seepage springs. In 1917 the streets around the Erbach intersection were given their names, with Hatzper Straße being considered a watershed. To the east the Kesselbach, the Forkesbach (Forkes = swine brook) and the Kreutzenbeck flowed to the Mühlenbach and further into the Berne and into the Emscher . To the west the Steinbach flowed to the Ruhmbach (on the Mülheim side: Rumbach ) and finally into the Ruhr . In 1927/28, Hatzper Straße was expanded to four lanes.

Since 1903, opposite the corner of Hatzper Strasse and Raadter Strasse, there has been the restaurant “Zum schwarzen Eck”, owned by Heinrich Erbach, to which the “Victoria Hall” for around 300 people was added a little later. From this the community and club center Haarzopfs developed. In the chaos of war that followed, the hall also served as refugee accommodation. This hall was renovated several times after war damage before it and the restaurant had to give way to the expansion of the Erbach intersection in 1972. On May 1, 1973, the "Haus Erbach" restaurant opened in the new high-rise building at the intersection. In 1939/40 the air raid shelter was built without windows. It was able to protect several hundred people in many separate cabins for up to 15 people each. The bunker was not hit by a bomb. After the war, in 1979 it got its windows, various companies have settled in it one after the other until today. The allotment garden on Kirschbaumsweg behind the bunker has existed since 1934. On the median of Hatzper Straße, from the Erbach intersection to Kirschbaumsweg, there were barracks for bombed-out families during the war. Some of the accommodations burned down during the war or were later demolished by 1958.

Church and schools

Christ King		Protestant church

In the Middle Ages, Haarzopf belonged to the parish of Mülheim and later to the parish of Kettwig . The Kettwigs made braids of hair Protestant. As early as 1667, a school was built on the spot where the community elementary school on Raadter Straße, formerly the school on Steinbachgrund, still stands today. Nearby, the Haarzopf Evangelical Church was not consecrated until 1910 .

When Haarzopf was incorporated into the city of Essen, the Catholics were also looked after by the parish of St. Markus in Bredeney. At Pentecost 1924 there was a separate Sunday service in Haarzopf for the first time, because the long way to Bredeney was lamented for a long time.

This first service took place in the Catholic elementary school founded in 1902, the later Hatzperschule. The foundation went back to the immigration of workers at the time of industrialization in Essen, whereby the proportion of Catholic children increased. They first attended the school in Bredeney, but were turned back in 1902 because this school was also overcrowded due to immigration of miners and industrial workers. The Haarzopfer students were temporarily given a room in the neighboring Fulerum before two classes moved into the school building on Hatzper Strasse in September 1902. The school had to be closed after a bombing raid in World War II in 1943. Operations resumed in August 1945. In the years 1951 to 1956 the construction of further parts of the building followed. In 1961 the school was named Hatzperschule. In the summer of 2014, the Hatzperschule was closed and the children were integrated into the new school on Raadter Straße. In the summer of 2018, the City Council of Essen decided to build a new school on the site on Hatzper Straße.

A church building association was founded on December 1, 1926, so that, with the approval of the diocese, the foundation stone for the Christ the King Church on Tommesweg was laid on May 5, 1929 . On October 27 of the same year the church consecration took place with the church choir founded on December 4, 1927. But it was not until October 1931 that Haarzopf got its first pastor, so that the district was co-administered by St. Markus in Bredeney until then. The current building of the Christ the King Church dates from 1977.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of hair braid

Blazon : “Divided into silver (white) and red, at the top two red stag sticks turned inwards; below a silver (white) wave bar. "

The coat of arms was designed by Kurt Schweder and never had an official character. At the end of the 1980s, the heraldist created coats of arms for all of Essen's districts. They have meanwhile been well received by the Essen population.

The coat of arms is a so-called " talking coat of arms "; the stag bars and the wave bar allude to the old name "Hartzapen" or "Harttappe", which means "Hirschbach".  

literature

• Detlef Hopp , Bianca Khil, Heinz-Jürgen Przybilla and Elke Schneider: The Metal Age burial ground on Lilienthalstraße in Essen-Haarzopf. Visualization of the examination results. (= Reports from the Essen monument preservation. Volume 3). City of Essen, Institute for Monument Protection and Preservation / Urban Archeology, Essen 2011 ( PDF ).
• Detlef Hopp: Two sites in hair pigtail. In: Detlef Hopp (Ed.): Traces. Discovering, reading and understanding. News from the city archeology of Essen . Klartext Verlag , Essen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8375-0888-8 , pp. 78–80.

Web links

Commons : Food Braid  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

• Citizens' Association Essen-Haarzopf / Fulerum e. V.
• District portrait on the homepage of the city of Essen

See also

• List of architectural monuments in hair braid
• List of streets in Essen Hair Braid

Individual evidence

1. ^ Elli Schulz: no direct connection to the city center for Fulerumers ; In: DerWesten.de from June 13, 2015; accessed on July 16, 2018
2. ↑ Citizen bus Essen HMR
3. ↑ Population figures of the districts
4. ↑ Proportion of the population under 18 years of age
5. ↑ Proportion of the population aged 65 and over
6. ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the city districts
7. ↑ WAZ - Faces of the City: Hair Pigtails ( Memento of the original of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; offline 
8. ^ Elli Schulz: Haarzopfer school location has an exciting history ; In: Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung of July 25, 2018; accessed on July 26, 2018
9. ↑ See also Johann Rainer Busch: Kurt Schweders Wappen der Essener Stadtteile Essen 2009, p. 65