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Coat of arms of Werden
Coat of arms of the city of Essen

Will be
part of Essen

Location of Werden in the district IX Werden / Kettwig / Bredeney
Basic data
surface 4.04  km²
Residents 9678 (March 31, 2020)
Coordinates 51 ° 23 '11 "  N , 6 ° 59' 47"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 23 '11 "  N , 6 ° 59' 47"  E
height 58  m
Incorporation Aug 1, 1929
Spatial assignment
Post Code 45239
District number 29
district District IX Werden / Kettwig / Bredeney
image
Market square and town hall in Werden

Market square and town hall in Werden

Source: City of Essen statistics

Today Werden is a district in the south of the city of Essen . As a former independent abbey town, Werden still has a historic old town and many architectural monuments. The district is characterized by loose residential developments with trade and commerce as well as areas for local recreation in the Ruhr Valley . Historically, Werden, together with Kettwig and Mülheim an der Ruhr , was on the northern border of the Bergisches Land .

history

Werden, 1581 (Braun-Hogenberg-Brachel)

Be a pen

The emergence of Werdens goes back to the work of St. Liudger , who founded the Benedictine monastery Werden at the end of the 8th century (around 799) . Since then, people have settled around the monastery. In 1317 Werden received city rights, its own walls and gates.

In the winery of the Werden Abbey, the lift register at the end of the 14th century mentions the corridor under the Levendaell . The old Bahnhofstrasse was given its name Im Löwental in 1934 based on this name . Other spellings were Leyendall, Lyevendaell or Lewendaill. A Levenkotten and the family name Leve or Leven are also attested here.

In 1498 almost the entire city of Werden burned down.

The city lords were the abbots of Werden . The monastery originally had a large number of possessions, including what is now the Essen districts of Bredeney , Heisingen , Schuir , Kettwig , Fischlaken , Heidhausen , Kupferdreh and Byfang as well as Hetterscheid in today's Heiligenhaus , also known as Werdener Land . In 1803, however, the rule of the abbots was over, the abbey, like many other monasteries, including the Essen monastery, was secularized in the course of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss .

Mayorry

In the years 1879 to 1880, today's old town hall of the then still independent city of Werden was built. It was built according to plans by the copper lathe builder Wilhelm Bovensiepen on the site of Werden's first post office. The town hall took on its present form in 1912 and 1913 through the renovation and expansion of the Essen architects Grosskopf and Kunz . The war memorial on the town hall forecourt was inaugurated on November 13, 1881, created by the Werden artist Albermann . After Werden became part of the city of Essen, the old town hall is still the Essen-Werden administrative center today. The mayor lived in the so-called mayor's house at Heckstraße 105, a classicist villa that was built in 1833 by the industrialist F. Vogelsang and completely renovated in 2004. Since 1985 the house has also been used as a cultural venue, for example for readings and chamber concerts.

Becoming mayor:

  • 1808–1811: Benedict Ludger Hiegemann
  • 1811–1819: Alexander Heinrich Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg called von Schirp
  • 1819–1843: Theodor Märcker
  • 1851–1886: Alexander Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg called von Schirp
  • 1886–1896: Ludwig Soldan
  • 1896–1904: Johann Emil Trapp
  • 1904–1929: Joseph Breuer

Werden got oil lanterns in the middle of the 19th century, then gas lanterns in 1860 because a gas station was built. It was also during this period that a newspaper appeared for the first time, the Werden-Kettwiger Wochenblatt . In 1887 the city was canalized, like Kettwig two years earlier.

Ruhr uprising and occupation of the Ruhr

As part of the Ruhr uprising , workers disarmed parts of the resident army on March 15, 1920 . The Schultz Freikorps, called for support by the armed forces on the next day , fired into a peaceful demonstration in front of the town hall. Four protesters were killed.

In 1923 , French troops occupied Werden and the Krupp trial against Gustav Krupp von Bohlen and Halbach took place here.

To eat since the incorporation

Werden was incorporated into several other places around Essen on August 1, 1929.

In the years 1931 to 1933 a Ruhr weir was built in Werden and with this also the Baldeneysee , today a local recreation area . Before the damming of the Baldeneysee, at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, the old Neukirchen lock was used by Ruhr shipping .

In the 1960s, the historic old town of Werdens was also "renovated" by the city of Essen. However, only a few historical buildings were destroyed before the insight prevailed that it would be better to renovate them than through demolition.

coat of arms

Blazon : In red field a silver (white) with four red balls occupied pallium .

The coat of arms is documented on a correspondent's seal from the 17th century. A coat of arms with the pallium can also be seen in front of the figure of St. Ludgerus

population

On March 31, 2020, 9,678 residents lived in Werden.

Structural data of the population in Werden (as of March 31, 2020):

  • Share of the population under 18 years of age: 13.2% (Essen average: 16.2%)
  • Population share of at least 65-year-olds: 29.9% (Essen average: 21.5%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 9.5% (Essen average: 16.9%)

Churches

The former abbey church of St. Ludgerus

Basilica of Saint Ludgerus

The former abbey church of St. Ludgerus was built around 799 together with the Werden monastery. After a few major fires, it was finally re-inaugurated in 1275. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful churches in the Rhineland and a prime example of the Rhenish transition style . It has a baroque high altar and paintings by the Werden painter Theodor Mintrop . After secularization, the building served as a parish church. On July 6, 1993 Pope John Paul II elevated the church to a minor basilica with the Apostolic Exhortation Merito quidem . The bones of St. Liudger , founder of the Werden monastery and the diocese of Münster , are buried in the crypt . In the adjoining treasury there is the Helmstedt Cross, an important work of art representing the transition from Ottonian to Romanesque sculpture, and the Liudgerus Shrine, one of the few baroque reliquary shrines.

The St. Lucius Church

The St. Lucius Church dates back to a foundation in the 10th century: construction began in 995 under Abbot Werinbert. After secularization in 1803, the church was used as a stable for 150 years, after which it served as living space for refugees. In 1965 it was reconstructed and rededicated.

The Evangelical Church Essen-Werden

The Evangelical Church in Essen-Werden was consecrated on June 24, 1900. She owns valuable Art Nouveau paintings that were uncovered some time ago. It was donated by the Krupp family and the Huffmann family based in Werden.

education

Urban primary schools

The Heckerschule is named after the theologian who was born in Werden and founder of the practice-oriented secondary school Johann Julius Hecker .

The Ludgerus elementary school, named after Saint Liudger , offers all-day care for around 100 pupils.

High schools

The Essen-Werden grammar school is a municipal grammar school whose origins lie in the Latin school of the Werden monastery (around 800). It is known for its music and dance departments. In 2006 the school celebrated its centenary as a municipal high school in a week of festivities.

The Mariengymnasium was an all-girls high school of the diocese of Essen until the 2009/2010 school year. Founded in 1858 by the Daughters of the Holy Cross, it was intended for the daughters of the upper class. Today it is open to girls from all walks of life, and boys have been admitted to separate classes since the 2010/2011 school year. The building at Dudenstrasse 14 was built in 1912, and the new building at Brückstrasse was occupied in February 2007.

Folkwang University

The Folkwang University for Music, Theater and Dance is headquartered in the former abbey buildings in Werdingen. Students and teachers from all over the world make the art college an inspiring place where the Folkwang idea - the unity of the arts - has been alive since 1927. In addition, part of it is housed in the White Mill at the Neukirchen lock .

traffic

Traffic junction in Werden: The Gustav-Heinemann-Brücke of the B224 over the Ruhr

The national highway 224 runs right through the center of the district. In the direction of Bredeney and the center of Essen, it joins the A 52 towards Dreieck Essen-Ost with a transition to the A 40 towards Bochum and Dortmund . In the direction of Velbert, the B 224 leads directly to the Velbert-Nord motorway triangle with the A 44 in the direction of Heiligenhaus (and probably from 2018 onwards towards the state capital Düsseldorf , its airport as well as Krefeld and Mönchengladbach ) and the A 535 in the direction of Wuppertal. The A 52 in the direction of Düsseldorf can be reached by the shortest route via Schuirweg , which connects Essen-Werden directly with the Essen-Kettwig junction in Schuir . Since the Schuirweg is closed to vehicles over 3.5 t, they can reach Essen-Werden via the Essen-Haarzopf junction , from which Hatzper Straße leads directly to the B 224 in Bredeney.

At the train station Essen-Werden , west of the Ruhr, holding the line S6 .

The Ruhrbahn bus routes 169, 180 and 190 connect Essen-Werden with Essen-Bredeney , Essen-Kettwig , Essen-Burgaltendorf (via Essen-Kupferdreh ), Velbert and Heiligenhaus . The express bus SB19 of the bus traffic Rhineland runs between Werden (stops Werdener Markt and Am Schwarzen) and Essen Hbf and Velbert Zentraler Omnibusbahnhof . In night traffic , the NE8 runs between Essen and Velbert via Werden.

Personalities

  • Konrad Gruter (* around 1370 in Werden), cleric
  • Johannes Cincinnius (* around 1485 in Lippstadt, † 1555 in Essen-Werden), world cleric in the service of Werden Abbey, humanist
  • Johann Julius Hecker (* 1707 in Werden; † 1768 in Berlin), founder of the practice-oriented secondary school
  • Johann Adolf Engels (* 1767 in Kettwig; † 1828 in Werden), paper manufacturer
  • Friedrich Bloemer (* 1807 in Werden; † 1872 in Berlin), politician, member of the Prussian manor house
  • Theodor Mintrop (* 1814 in Werden; † 1870 in Düsseldorf), painter of the Romantic period and the Düsseldorf School of Painting
  • Paschalis Gratze (* 1819 in Werden; † 1896 in Dingelstädt), organ builder and church builder
  • Wilhelm Effmann (* 1847 in Werden; † 1917 in Bonn), architect and building historian
  • Richard Anger (* 1873; † 1938), German engineer and university professor
  • Ludger Mintrop (* 1880 in Werden, † 1956 in Essen), geophysicist
  • Walter Forstmann (* 1883 in Werden; † 1973 in Essen-Bredeney), submarine commander in the First World War
  • Robert Feulgen (* 1884 in Werden; † 1955 in Gießen), physician and university professor
  • Gerhard Fittkau (* 1912 in Tollnigk; † 2004 in Essen-Werden), theologian, pastor at St. Ludgerus (Werden)
  • Richard Schulte Staade (* 1932 in Werden; died 2020 in Kevelaer), Roman Catholic priest, theologian, pastor of the Marienbasilika in Kevelaer and pilgrimage director

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Günther: Festschrift and Documentation 1200 Years of Becoming: 799–1999 . Preparatory Committee for Becoming 1200 Years, 1999.
  • Ludger Fischer: Monument trails in Essen-Werden . Nobel, Essen, 2006, ISBN 3-922785-87-5 . (completely revised edition of the original title Bau- und Kunstdenkmale in Essen-Werden , Essen 1996)
  • Detlef Hopp : A path through the millennia - the archaeological path in Werden . In: Detlef Hopp (Ed.): Angeschnitte. A journey through 200,000 years of city history. Reports from urban archeology 2000 to 2004 . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2004, ISBN 978-3-89861-391-0 , pp. 74-75.
  • Detlef Hopp (Ed.): Under our feet: An archaeological foray through becoming . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2005, ISBN 978-3-89861-490-0 .
  • Johann A. Engels: The journey to Werden: with copper . Bädeker & Abbreviation in Comm., Duisburg, 1813. Digitized copy from the University and State Library in Düsseldorf
  • Erik Zimmermann: On the trail of the Ruhr mining industry. Mining and industrial history hiking trails in Werdener Land. Nobel, Essen, 1997, ISBN 3-922785-37-9 .

See also

Web links

Commons : Essen-Werden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung WAZ, Essener Strasse , July 5, 2008
  2. ↑ www.essen.de Mayor's House Werden ; last viewed on May 31, 2011
  3. ↑ Lucas, Erhard - March Revolution in the Ruhr Area. March to April 1920. March publishing house, Frankfurt a. M., 1970, p. 275
  4. ↑ See Johann Rainer Busch: Kurt Schweders Wappen der Essener Stadtteile , Essen 2009, p. 108 ff.
  5. ↑ Population figures of the districts
  6. ↑ Proportion of the population under 18 years of age
  7. ↑ Proportion of the population aged 65 and over
  8. ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the city districts
  9. ↑ St. Ludgerus Abbey Church. Essen-To be accessed on August 30, 2014
  10. ↑ New construction of the A44 between Kreuz Ratingen Ost and Velbert: http://www.strassen.nrw.de/projekte/a44/ratingen-velbert.html
  11. ^ Ruhrbahn timetable NE8