Stoppenberg

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Stoppenberg coat of arms
Coat of arms of the city of Essen

Stoppenberg
district of Essen

Location of Stoppenberg in the district VI Katernberg / Schonnebeck / Stoppenberg
Basic data
surface 5.37  km²
Residents 16,758 (March 31, 2020)
Coordinates 51 ° 28 '39 "  N , 7 ° 2' 20"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '39 "  N , 7 ° 2' 20"  E
height 55  m
Incorporation Aug 1, 1929
Spatial assignment
Post Code 45141, 45327
District number 38
district District VI Katernberg / Schonnebeck / Stoppenberg
image
St. Nicholas Church in Stoppenberg

St. Nicholas Church in Stoppenberg

Source: City of Essen statistics

Stoppenberg is a district of the city of Essen and is located in the northeast of the city. Stoppenberg is bounded by the districts of Altenessen in the west and north, Katernberg in the northeast, Schonnebeck in the east, Frillendorf in the southeast and Essen-Mitte in the south.

Character and infrastructure

Stoppenberg is mainly characterized by residential developments, some green areas and small business areas.

The Zeche Zollverein , shaft 12 , which borders on Katernberg and Schonnebeck, is located in Stoppenberg . The Zeche Zollverein industrial complex has been an official UNESCO World Heritage Site since December 14, 2001 .

The Friedrich Ernestine colliery was located in the east of the community . The industrial area named after her on Ernestinenstraße still reminds of the location of this mine.

The sports park with the adjacent Hallopark and cemetery and the source of the Schwarzbach are located on the natural elevation Hallo .

Bus lines 140, 160, 161 and 183 and tram line 107 run through Stoppenberg, as does the NE2 night express. Due to its proximity to the city center, Essen main station is easily accessible. From 1901 to 1969 the Essen-Stoppenberg station on the Essen – Schalke line was in operation for passenger services.

history

prehistory

The Stoppenberg ( Kapitelberg ) is a hill about 80 meters high that lies in the middle of six others. From a geographical point of view, these hills are offshoots of the North German lowlands . The arrangement of the hills gives the impression that they are arranged in steps. Hence the name Stoppenberg, which over the years probably evolved from step mountain.

Stoppenberg was first mentioned in a document with the construction of the collegiate church Maria in der Not on the hill called Stoppenberg by the Essen princess Schwanhild in 1073. It was consecrated as Nikolauskapelle in 1074 by Archbishop Anno II . The oldest traces of a settlement in Stoppenberg were found at the beginning of the 21st century on Twentmannstraße and date from the 11th century, precisely from the time when the abbess Schwanhild had the collegiate church built.

The Martians lived in the area between the Ruhr and Lippe at the beginning of today's calendar . Today this area is the heartland of the Ruhr area in which Stoppenberg is located. The Martians settled in this area after the Sugambrians around 8 BC. Were driven out by the Romans .

It is likely that these Germanic peoples also wandered through Stoppenberg or knew the “Stoppenberg / step mountain”. In 1906, the historian Joseph Wormstall was of the opinion that the legendary location of the Germanic sanctuary Tanfana was on the "Stoppenberg". This has never been proven archeologically, despite excavations at the “Stoppenberg”.

In the year 14 the Romans took cruel revenge on the Martians, because in the year 9 they were involved in the Varus Battle . As usual, the Martians celebrated their Tanfana festival in the autumn of 14 with mead and dance. According to Professor Wormstall, the center of these celebrations was the “Stoppenberg” on which, as mentioned above, the Tanfana column is said to have been.

The morning after, the Marser were literally slaughtered by the Romans in the entire Ruhr-Lippe area. After that, the Brukterer colonized the area between the Ruhr and Lippe.

Local history

The beginning of Stoppenberg is on the Kapitelberg. This is where the collegiate church, built in 1073 by order of the 15th Essen Abbess Swanhild, is a three-aisled pillar basilica with a square choir .

Since 1808, Stoppenberg, together with the farmers' groups Altenessen, Huttrop, Frillendorf, Karnap, Katernberg, Rotthausen , Schonnebeck and Rüttenscheid, belonged to the newly founded municipality of Altenessen, based in Stoppenberg, which was elevated to the status of an independent mayor in Altenessen in 1813. On January 1, 1874, Frillendorf, Huttrop, Katernberg, Kray, Leithe, Rotthausen, Rüttenscheid, Schonnebeck and Stoppenberg were separated from the Altenessen mayor and formed the new mayor's office in Stoppenberg .

In 1899, the Kaiser Wilhelm Tower was inaugurated on the mountain in today's Hallopark as a viewing and museum tower . After being destroyed in the Second World War, it was no longer repaired and finally demolished in the early 1970s.

In 1929 Stoppenberg was incorporated into Essen.

mayor

The mayor's office in Altenessen / Stoppenberg had ten mayors from 1802 until it was incorporated in 1929:

population

On March 31, 2020, 16,758 residents lived in Stoppenberg.

Structural data of the population in Stoppenberg (as of March 31, 2020):

  • Proportion of the population under 18-year-olds: 17.3% (Essen average: 16.2%)
  • Share of the population of at least 65-year-olds: 19.6% (Essen average: 21.5%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 15.5% (Essen average: 16.9%)

Churches

Collegiate church

On October 23, 1944, the Ruhr sandstone collegiate church was badly damaged in an Anglo-American bomb attack. Reconstruction began around 1947. Because of mining damage caused by coal mining , the collegiate church had to be underpinned at the end of the 1970s. A thorough renovation of the chancel and the Lady Chapel took place. The new windows of the church, as well as the chapel and the painting of the coffered ceiling were made to designs by the Essen cathedral builder Heinz Dohmen . The Romanesque font from the 12th century , which is one of the country's most valuable art treasures, was also given a new location. In the collegiate church there is the grave slab of Baron Franz-Ferdinand von Wenge, who was a pioneer of the steel industry in the Ruhr area before Thyssen and Krupp by founding the St. Antony-Hütte in Sterkrade , built in 1758 . Today the collegiate church is the church for the nunnery of the Discalced Carmelites .

St. Nicholas Church

At the foot of the Kapitelberg is the St. Nicholas Church , which has Romanesque and Gothic forms in the exterior. The interior, however, presents itself u. a. in Art Nouveau. It was built because the collegiate church could no longer hold the growing number of Catholic parishioners. The inauguration took place in 1907 by Cardinal Anton Fischer . It is the only church in the Essen city area that was never completely destroyed or, like many other Essen churches, was rebuilt after being torn down or bombed. In previous years only a few extensions and modifications were made.

Thomas Church

In the immediate vicinity is the Protestant St. Thomas Church, a beautiful neo-Gothic building that was inaugurated in November 1900 and also damaged by air raids during World War II . In 1952 the reconstruction was completed. The building received its patronage in 1967 . Confirmations and weddings can be held here today. There is also a service every Sunday or Saturday .

Annokirche / Stephanskirche

The modernist former Roman Catholic St. Anno Church is now the seat of the Serbian Orthodox community as the Stephanuskirche.

coat of arms

Stoppenberg coat of arms

Blazon : In silver (white) over a green mountain of three a red cross with four golden balls. Meaning: The original names "Stophenberch" and "Stouffenberge" indicate a name for a step mountain (three mountain). The red cross is a reference to the aristocratic women's monastery and the collegiate church of St. Nicholas. The four golden balls stand for the former municipalities of the mayor's office Stoppenberg - Schonnebeck, Katernberg, Rotthausen and Stoppenberg itself.

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Carlos Dudek , bourgeois Wilhelm Julius Carl Dudek (1910–1992), was a German architect.
  • Kurt Orlowski (1905-1987) was a German football player.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.unesco.de/318.html 25th meeting of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee on December 14, 2001 in Helsinki
  2. ^ Essener Verkehrs-AG
  3. ^ Official journal for the administrative district of Düsseldorf 1875, p. 434 f
  4. ↑ Population figures of the districts
  5. ↑ Proportion of the population under 18 years of age
  6. ↑ Proportion of the population aged 65 and over
  7. ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the city districts
  8. ↑ See Johann Rainer Busch: Kurt Schweders Wappen der Essener Stadtteile Essen 2009, p. 82

Web links

Commons : Essen-Stoppenberg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files