Friedrich Ernestine colliery

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Friedrich Ernestine colliery
General information about the mine
Funding / year Max. 626,328 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 1983
Start of operation 1873
End of operation 1955
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 28 '22 "  N , 7 ° 2' 52"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '22 "  N , 7 ° 2' 52"  E
Friedrich Ernestine Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
Friedrich Ernestine colliery
Location Friedrich Ernestine colliery
Location Stoppenberg
local community eat
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) eat
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Friedrich Ernestine colliery was a hard coal mine in Essen-Stoppenberg . The coal mine union of Friedrich Ernestine was one of the founding members of the Rheinisch-Westphalian coal syndicate .

history

The beginnings

The Friedrich Ernestine union was founded in 1871 by the Stinnes family. The union was the youngest of the unions with the participation of the seven siblings of the Stinnes family. In the same year, the Ernestine field was initially divided into the two fields Ernestine and Ernestine northern field. The Ernestine field was leased to the Friedrich Krupp company. On May 25 of the same year the decision was made to merge the two fields Glückauf Ernestine and Ernestine northern field . The sinking work for shaft 1 began in the same year . This shaft belonged to the Glückauf Friedrich colliery, the sinking work on this shaft had been stopped at a depth of 11.5 meters due to strong mountain pressure . After that, the union Glückauf Frederick was liquidated been and the shaft was combined with the field Glückauf Ernestine to Berechtsame laid by Friedrich Ernestine. On May 21, 1872, the fields were consolidated to Friedrich Ernestine . That same year, the shaft 1 reached at a depth of 107 meters carbon . The first level was set at a depth of 131 meters (-42 m above sea ​​level ). The following year, the second level was set at a depth of 178 meters (- 89 m above sea level) and the third level at a depth of 217 meters (- 128 m above sea level).

The first years of operation

In 1873, mining began in shaft 1 . In the same year a water retention machine was installed above ground. The engine was powered by a two-cylinder steam engine with an output of 300 hp . The machine lifted the pit water by means of a rod pump built into shaft 1 and was able to lift 1.5 cubic meters of water per minute. In 1876, there was strong pressure on the shaft extension in shaft 1 . In 1878 a field swap was carried out with the Graf Beust and Queen Elisabeth collieries . The rights holders now covered an area of ​​1.7 km 2 . In 1880, mining was also carried out in the Ernestine field , as there was no mine of its own there. The following year, the fourth level was set at a depth of 258 meters (- 169 m above sea level). In 1884 a carbon copy was made for the neighboring Graf Beust mine. This breakthrough, made on January 2nd, was needed to provide a second exit for the miners . The lease with Friedrich Krupp ended in the same year. On May 6, 1889, a field clearing was carried out with the Queen Elisabeth colliery. In the same year, the 5th level was set at a depth of 306 meters (- 217 m above sea level). In 1890, a mine- own power plant was put into operation. The power plant also provided electrical energy for the lighting in the Stoppenberg district. In the following year, the coal washing plant and a separation facility were put into operation.

In 1892 a coking plant was put into operation. In the same year, a steam engine with an output of 50 hp was put into operation for the coal sieve. This machine was used to drive the bucket elevators, reading belts and the chain conveyor. In addition, a steam engine with an output of 150 hp to drive the bucket elevators and jigs in the laundry was put into operation. In 1893, the sinking work on shaft 1 was continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. At that time the mine belonged to the East Essen mining area . The 6th level was set at a depth of 367 meters (- 278 m above sea level). The Graf Beust colliery was used to mine the western field. In 1896, shaft 1 was sunk deeper and a midsole was added at a depth of 474 meters (-386 m above sea level). In order to ventilate the mine workings, the weather from the 4th level was diverted via a weather shaft. The weather shaft had a cross section of five square meters. In order to open up the coal seams , the sinking work on shaft 1 was continued in 1897. The weather bed for the planned 7th level was set 81 meters below the 6th level. In the same year, the 7th level was set at a depth of 534 meters (- 445 m above sea level). Trial work was carried out on the 6th level in the Laura and Victoria seams, but this work did not produce good results. In addition, dismantling work began on the 6th level and the alignment work on the 7th level . At that time the mine still had only one shaft. For this reason, the sinking work for shaft 2 began in the same year. The shaft 2, which should serve as a ventilation shaft, was beside pit one set . In addition, the construction of a machine hall for two compressors and an electrical lighting system was started above ground.

In 1899, shaft 2 was sunk to the 7th level and went into operation. The shaft received a steam winder that had an output of 900 hp. A Koepe disk with a diameter of 7.5 meters served as the cable carrier . The conveyor system equipped in this way was able to convey a payload of 2.6 tons at a speed of up to 15 meters per second from a depth of 800 meters. With the commissioning of the new weather shaft, the old small weather shaft was no longer required and was discarded . In order to ensure the ventilation of the mine workings, a pit fan with an impeller diameter of 2.8 meters was put into operation. The fan was powered by a composite steam engine that had an output of 210 hp. This fan could suck up to 3,200 cubic meters of weather from the mine building per minute. In addition, a compressor was installed that could generate 2,500 cubic meters of compressed air per hour at a pressure of five bar . The compressor was driven by a steam engine with an output of 300 hp. In the same year, the Längenfeld Friedrich Ernestine was taken over by the Hagenbeck colliery.

The further operation

In 1902 the renovation of the coking plant began. The coking plant consisted of 70 coke ovens , 40 of which were regenerative ovens and 30 sub-kilns. In addition, a by-product plant was installed to produce tar , light oil , sulphate of ammonia and concentrated ammonia water. The renovation work lasted until 1904. In the same year, the sinking work on shaft 2 was continued and the shaft was sunk deeper. The 8th level was set at a depth of 636 meters (- 547 m above sea level). In 1903, extraction began on the 7th level. A second pit fan was installed in the same year. This fan had an impeller diameter of four meters. With an equivalent pit width of 2.8 square meters, the fan could suck 5800 cubic meters of weather from the pit building per minute . The fan was driven by a three-phase motor with an output of 184 kilowatts . A second compressor was also installed to generate compressed air. The compressor was a two-cylinder composite vane compressor with a tube intercooler. The compressor was driven by a 500 hp, directly coupled compound steam engine. The compressor could produce 6,400 cubic meters of compressed air per hour at a pressure of six bar. From January 11 to February 11, 1905, there was a strike at the Friedrich Ernestine colliery . In the same year, the union joined the German Ammonia Sales Association. In 1908, shaft 1 was penetrated with the 8th level. The shaft received a new hoisting machine. The machine was equipped with a Koepe disk that had a diameter of eight meters. The driving steam engine produced an output of 1400 hp. The conveyor system equipped in this way could lift a payload of up to six tons from a depth of up to 800 meters at a travel speed of 15 meters per second. The shaft also received a new headframe. In the same year, the union of the German Benzol Association joined.

On October 6, 1910, there was a firedamp explosion in the mine . Four miners were killed in this mining accident . In the same year a contract for the supply of coke oven gas was signed with the city of Essen . From 1912 onwards, there was severe damage to the mining area of ​​the mine. On June 1, 1919, there was another firedamp explosion. Six miners lost their lives in this accident. On March 9, 1920, the mine was incorporated into RWE . In 1922, the sinking work on shaft 1 continued and the shaft was sunk deeper again. In 1926 the union joined the joint-stock company for coal utilization . In 1927, the 9th level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 799 meters (-710 m above sea level). On May 15, 1929, a central coking plant was put into operation on the premises of the Friedrich Ernestine colliery. This coking plant was completely rebuilt with 60 modern coke ovens . The old coking plants on Victoria Mathias and Friedrich Ernestine were closed. In 1934, the mine with the Victoria Mathias colliery broke through , d. that is, there was a direct connection between the pits. In 1939, the rights covered an area of ​​1.9 km 2 . In 1942, shaft 2 was sunk to a depth of 785 meters. In the same year the union became a member of the Society for Teerverwert mbH.

The last few years until the shutdown

In 1946 the 9th level became the main production level. In 1951, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper again. In 1952, the 10th level was set at a depth of 893 meters (-804 m above sea level). In the same year the Friedrich Ernestine union was dissolved. The company property of the Friedrich Ernestine union was transferred to the Victoria Mathias union. In 1954, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper again. On December 16 of the same year, the Friedrich Ernestine I length field became part of the Friedrich Ernestine field. In the following year, shaft 1 reached a depth of 1057 meters and shaft 2 a depth of 1016 meters. The 11th level was set at a depth of 975 meters (-886 m above sea level). In 1957, Victoria Mathias, Graf Beust & Friedrich Ernestine joined forces. In 1963 the Friedrich Ernestine colliery was shut down. The shaft in the Friedrich Ernestine construction site was filled .

Promotion and workforce

Good quality coal was extracted from the mine, and the coal was well suited for gas production. The first funding and workforce figures come from 1873, in that year, with 196 employees, 6390 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1875, with 692 employees, 136,493 tons of hard coal were extracted. In 1880, 157,117 tonnes of hard coal were extracted, and the workforce in that year was 601. In 1885 a total of 162,000 tons of hard coal were mined with 525 employees. In 1890 there were 588 employees on the mine, the production amounted to 185,941 tons of hard coal. In 1895, 191,619 tons of hard coal were mined with 738 employees. In 1900, 870 employees produced 219,754 tonnes of hard coal. In 1905, 318,411 tons of hard coal were extracted; the workforce in that year was 988. In 1910, 1270 employees produced 330,000 tons of hard coal.

In 1913, 476,795 tons of hard coal were extracted and the workforce was 1667. In 1920, with 1983 employees, 376,333 tons of hard coal were extracted. Despite the decrease in the workforce to 1632 employees, production rose slightly in 1925 to 399,822 tons of hard coal. In 1930, 1632 employees produced 366,753 tons of hard coal. In 1935 the production amounted to 401,000 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 1053 employees. The maximum funding was provided in 1937 with 1674 employees. A production of 626,328 tons of hard coal was provided. In 1940 the production sank to 522,469 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 1489 employees. In 1945, 1040 employees produced 152,080 tons of hard coal. In 1950 the production rose again to 450,919 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 1861 employees. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine are from 1955, in that year 389,005 tons of hard coal were extracted with 1,792 employees.

Current condition

The Friedrich Ernestine shafts were filled and the facilities completely demolished. Today the Friedrich Ernestine industrial park is located on the colliery site on Langemarckstrasse .

In 2011, in memory of the colliery, RWE christened an installation ship for wind turbines with the name Friedrich Ernestine .

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa from Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k l Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
  3. a b c d e f g h i j k l m Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  4. a b c d e f g h Paul Neubaur: Mathias Stinnes and his house. A century of development 1808-1908, printed by Jul.Bagel, Mülheim AD Ruhr 1909
  5. a b c d Ministry of Trade and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and salt works in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898
  6. The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874