Discalced Carmelites
The Discalced Carmelites , completely Discalced Sisters of the Order of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel , sometimes also called Discalceatinnen , are the female branch of the Order of the Discalced Carmelites (Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatorum) . The Discalced Carmelites went from the reform of the Carmelite Order through the Holy. Teresa of Ávila and John emerge from the cross . The order abbreviation is OCD.
Order reform
The order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel (lat. Ordo Fratrum Beatissimae Mariae Virginis de Monte Carmelo ) was founded in 1562 by the Holy. Teresa of Ávila and John of the Cross reformed. Teresa was a Carmelite of the older observance and tried to encourage the sisters to live according to the original order of St. Albert attributed. Teresa's conversations with St. Peter of Alcantara . The Rule of Carmel connects hermitic elements with those of community life.
In 1562 Teresa founded the first monastery of the Discalced Carmelites, the Carmel of St. Joseph in Avila. The first was followed by sixteen other foundations for sisters across Spain. A few years later, Teresa founded the Discalced Carmelite branch together with John of the Cross and Jerónimo Gracián .
With around 8,500 sisters (2007) the Carmelites form the largest contemplative order and are represented on all continents. Since the rule of the order stipulates that no more than 21 sisters should live in a Carmel, new foundations are relatively common through the division of an existing community.
Blessed and saints
In addition to Teresa of Ávila, numerous Discalced Carmelites were beatified or canonized , among many others
- Blessed Anna of St. Bartholomew introduced the Carmel in Antwerp and planned the Carmel in Cologne.
- Blessed Marie of the Incarnation, Barbe Acarie , introduced the discless Carmel to France.
- the Italian Carmelites Maria Magdalena von Pazzi and Teresa Margareta Redi
- the sixteen martyrs of Compiègne were guillotined on July 17, 1794 in Paris for refusing to break their religious vows . They rest in a mass grave on the Cimetière de Picpus in Paris and were beatified in 1906.
- St. Miriam of Abelin brought Carmel to the Holy Land
- St. Therese of Lisieux , patroness of world missions
- Saint Elizabeth of the Trinity
- Saint Teresa of Jesus (de los Andes)
- Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross ( Edith Stein ), co-patroness of Europe
Monasteries of the Discalced Carmelites in German-speaking countries
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Germany:
- Carmelite Convent Aachen , founded in Cologne in 1662, dissolved in 1802, re-established in 1859, expelled again in the Kulturkampf, re-established in 1894; Abandoned in 2009. The sisters moved to the Franciscan convent in Aachen.
- Karmel St. Josef Waldfrieden near Auderath , founded in 1922 from Luxembourg , initially in Kordel near Trier , relocated to Auderath in 1953
- Karmel St. Josef in Aufkirchen am Starnberger See : founded in 1817 from Mayerling and Wien-Baumgarten
- Karmel Regina Martyrum in Berlin , founded in 1982 from Dachau
- Karmel Heilig Blut in the Dachau Memorial , founded in Pützchen in 1964
- Karmel St. Joseph in Hanover , built in 2013 by the sisters of the Karmel St. Michael in Dorsten-Lembeck. Founded in 1926 from Cologne as Karmel St. Joseph in Pützchen, moved to Dorsten-Lembeck in 1998.
- Carmel to the Holy Family in Düren , founded in 1887 from Echt (Holland) in Thiergarten, moved to Düren in 1903
- Karmel Maria in der Not ( Stiftskirche Maria in der Not ) in Essen , founded in Cologne in 1965
- Karmel St. Gabriel in Hainburg-Hainstadt (Hessen): Founded in 1948 from Pützchen
- Carmel Cell of the Incarnation in Hamburg , founded in 1999
- Karmel St. Josef Hauenstein (Palatinate) , initially founded from Cologne in Königsbach an der Weinstrasse , since 1958 in Hauenstein (Southwest Palatinate)
- Carmel St. Therese, Kirchzarten , 1928 by Carmelite nuns from Bordeaux founded
- Carmelite Monastery of St. Mary of Peace in Cologne
- Karmel St. Joseph in Cologne (repealed in 1875)
- Karmel Regina Pacis in Rödelmaier , founded in Vienna-Baumgarten in 1928
- Karmel Maria mother of the church in Speyer , founded in 1986 from Hauenstein
- Edith-Stein-Karmel in Tübingen , founded in Cologne, closed in 2011
- Karmel St. Josef in Vilsbiburg , founded in Würzburg in 1906
- Karmel St. Teresa in Weimar , founded in 1995 from Dachau
- Carmelite convent in Welden near Augsburg , founded in Aufkirchen in 1931
- Karmel Maria Mother of the Redeemer in Wemding , founded in 2001 from Speyer
- Karmel Maria mediator of all graces in Witten an der Ruhr, founded in Silesia (Wendelborn near Breslau) in 1953
- Karmel Himmelspforten in Würzburg , founded in Gmunden in Austria
- until 1823: Carmelite monastery Maria Magdalena (Würzburg)
- Karmel Maria Königin Zweifall near Aachen: founded in Düren in 1955, closed in 2006
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Austria:
- Karmel St. Josef in Mayerling
- Holy Cross Carmel on the Holy Mountain in Bärnbach
- Carmel Gmunden
- Carmel St. Josef in Graz
- Karmel St. Josef and St. Teresa , Innsbruck
- Carmelite Convent in Linz
- Herz-Marien-Karmel Mariazell
- Carmel Mater Dolorosa in Maria Jeutendorf
- Klein-Theresien-Karmel in Rankweil
- Carmelite convent St. Michael in Lavanttal
- Karmel St. Josef in Vienna
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Switzerland:
- Carmel Notre-Dame de l'Unité in Develier
- Carmelite Convent Locarno Monti
- Carmelite Convent Le Paquier
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics of the sisters by nationality, as of 2007 ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 128 kB)
- ↑ Vita of the blessed Anna ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Michaelis Abbey and the Michaelis Chapel in Lembeck. Retrieved May 12, 2018 .
literature
- Ilse Leitenberger: The glory of the Carmel. A medal for today's church. Verlag Styria, Graz / Vienna / Cologne 1985, ISBN 3-222-11646-6 .
- Emmanuel Renault : The Carmelites. (The contemplative ideal of life of the discless Carmelites). Karmel St. Josef, Vienna 1984.
- Sr. Veronika Elisabeth Schmitt OCD: Carmel rule - rule of life. Life from the original vision of Carmel today. Pneuma-Verlag, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-942013-04-8 .
Web links
- Teresian Carmel in Germany
- The Discalced Carmel ("The Teresian Carmel in Austria" with information about monasteries in other countries)
- The OCD (in English)