Rankweil
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market community Rankweil
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| coat of arms | Austria map | |
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| Basic data | ||
| Country: | Austria | |
| State : | Vorarlberg | |
| Political District : | Feldkirch | |
| License plate : | FK | |
| Surface: | 21.85 km² | |
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 16 ' N , 9 ° 39' E | |
| Height : | 468 m above sea level A. | |
| Residents : | 11,928 (January 1, 2020) | |
| Population density : | 546 inhabitants per km² | |
| Postal code : | 6830 | |
| Area code : | 05522 | |
| Community code : | 8 04 14 | |
| NUTS region | AT342 | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Am Marktplatz 1 6830 Rankweil |
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| Website: | ||
| politics | ||
| Mayor : | Katharina Wöß-Krall ( ÖVP ) | |
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Local council : (2015) (33 members) |
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| Location of Rankweil in the Feldkirch district | ||
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| Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria | ||
Rankweil is a market town in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg and is located in the Feldkirch district . With 11,928 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) it is the second largest municipality in the Feldkirch district and the eighth largest municipality in Vorarlberg.
Rankweil is particularly well-known as a place of pilgrimage due to the Liebfrauenbergkirche , which was elevated to basilica minor in 1985 and can also be seen in the Rankweiler coat of arms. In addition, the market town as a school location for two higher schools is particularly important for the Vorderland region .
geography
Rankweil is located in the Upper Rhine Valley in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch district, in the border region to Switzerland (St. Gallen Rhine Valley) and the Principality of Liechtenstein, at 468 meters above sea level. Rankweil is the third westernmost municipality in Austria. Around 70% of the 22 km² community are located in the Rhine plain, the rest in the largely wooded hill country.
Between the Hohe Sattel (752 m) in the south and the Sattelberg (575 m) in the north near Klaus , the Rhine Plain forms the sheltered bay of the “ Vorderland ” with a very favorable climate that allows for demanding agricultural crops. 30% of Rankweil's area is forested.
The largest stream in the village is the Frutz , a longer torrent on the northern border. East of the so-called “factory”, at the transition from the hill country to the Rhine valley, the Mühlbach branches off from the Frutz. Since 1846, the junction has been a little further above by means of a weir, known as the "Red Gate". The Mühlbach is artificially led through Rankweil and used to operate up to 23 hydropower plants. The first use of hydropower took place in 1300. The largest power plant is now in the former spinning mill, now called the “factory”. The Mühlbach is also used by the fire brigade to draw water.
The districts of the municipality are Brederis and Rankweil.
Neighboring communities
The market town of Rankweil shares municipal boundaries with ten other municipalities in the Feldkirch district. These are (clockwise from the north) Koblach , Röthis , Sulz , Zwischenwasser , Laterns , Übersaxen , Satteins , Göfis , Feldkirch and Meiningen .
history
At the time of the Roman Empire, today's Rankweil was an important traffic junction under the name "Vinomna", where the paved Roman roads converged, including the main road from Chur to Augsburg . It was first mentioned in a document in 842.
In 1375 the Counts of Montfort sell the Feldkirch, and thus Rankweil, rule to the Habsburgs . These administered their dominant areas in what is now Vorarlberg alternately from Tyrol and Upper Austria (Freiburg im Breisgau). In the late Middle Ages, in the time of the Appenzell Wars (1405–1429, between the Prince Abbot of St. Gallen, who was allied with Habsburg, and the Appenzell people who were subordinate to them), the development of the state territories that were closed in modern times emerged.
Significant for this are different alliances of the cities and the estates, as well as the rule Feldkirch (Rankweil) with the courtiers of Altstätten, Berneck and Marbach, with the city of St. Gallen as well as with the country people on the Eschnerberg.
In 1405, when Feldkirch took over the rule, and with it Rankweil, the actual establishment of the “ Bund ob dem See ”, the most important alliance of that time, based on the federal model, took place . This expanded rapidly (including Bludenz, Rankweil, Sax, Gaster and Toggenburg). Daring military ventures and uprisings against the rule of the Habsburgs (Tyrol, Allgäu, Thurgau) were successful in the short term and led to the destruction of numerous aristocratic castles. On January 13, 1408, however, the federation was subject to the Habsburg army of knights at Bregenz .
In 1618 Rankweil was granted market rights. From 1805 to 1814, Rankweil and Vorarlberg belonged to Bavaria, then again to Austria. For Austrian province of Vorarlberg Rankweil belongs since its founding in 1918. The place was 1945-1955 part of the French zone of occupation in Austria.
politics
The municipal council of Rankweil consists of 33 members. After the municipal council and mayoral elections in 2015 , this consists of 18 mandataries from the Rankweiler People's Party and non-party members, 10 from the Rankweil Green Forum, 3 from the Social Democrats and Independents and 2 from the FPÖ and Rankweil Citizens' List.
Katharina Wöß-Krall from the Rankweiler People's Party has been the mayor of the market town since April 29, 2019.
Mayor of Rankweil
- Since 2019: Katharina Wöß-Krall
- 2008-2019: Martin Summer
- 1990-2008: Hans Kohler
- 1978–1990: Thomas Linder
- 1964–1978: Rudolf Ammann
- 1957–1964: Herbert Keßler
- 1945–1957: August Fröhlich
- 1938–1945: Hans Jenny
- 1936–1938: Seraphin Reich
- 1919–1936: Joseph Längle
- 1915–1919: Jakob Abbrederis
- 1907–1915: Johann Wendelin replica
- 1906–1907: Josef Fröhlich
- 1897–1906: Johann Jakob Scheidbach
- 1891–1897: Josef Fröhlich
- 1888–1891: Johann Jakob Scheidbach
- 1885–1888: Josef Rheinberger
Population development
As of January 1, 2013, 11,741 people were registered in Rankweil. Compared to 2011 (see graphic) this means an influx of 174 people. There are a total of 4,858 households, 1,214 of which are children or young people. There are no children or young people in 3,644 households. The average household size in Rankweil is 2.5 people.
A total of 1,458 families live in Rankweil. 234 of them are single parents. There are four or more children in three percent of all families. One or two children live in over 80 percent of families. In 2012 Rankweil was recognized as a "familieplus" community - a state award for family-friendly communities.
Culture
There are 125 clubs in Rankweil. Around 40 of these are sports clubs, followed by 12 cultural clubs and each new club from the fields of music, religion and family. The Alte Kino Rankweil has held its own in the Vorarlberg cultural scene for over 25 years. The association is mainly active in the following areas: blues, cabaret, theater, film, rock, cabaret and dialect. From Zucchero to Bryan Adams, Gianna Nannini and Amy McDonald to Dave Brubeck and Hubert von Goisern - national and international stars have already performed in Rankweil.
Regular events
The following major events take place annually in Rankweil:
- Carnival parade (only every two years)
- the Kilbi
- the basement party
- Rankweiler Summer: In the summer months, the “Rankweiler Summer” holiday program takes place with over 40 different events.
Attractions
Secular buildings
- Spinning mill Rhomberg: This plant was built by Ohmaier in 1839 and was built in two construction phases with a few additions. The building is one of the oldest spinning mills in the country. Due to the location between the water and the street, there was no room for expansion, so inevitably a compact object was created that seems to have grown together with the topography. The quiet volumes, window fronts and, last but not least, the well-placed water tower resulted in a rare industrial building.
- Staircase from the "Usschällar am Berg": The "Verkündtstoa" was probably built at the same time as the rectory was built in 1704. This served for the announcement of official announcements and other communications after the office on Sunday. Urgent announcements were made by the "Usschellar" at a total of 65 squares spread across the entire village, where he announced his announcements by means of a hand bell, as at the "Annunciation". The "Usschällar" was last used in 1955.
- Markt elementary school: The Markt elementary school was built in 1846/47 by the Rankweiler master builder Franz Josef Weiß. He built it according to national standard plans for a school with four classrooms and a teacher's apartment in place of the dilapidated sacristan's house of the parish of St. Peter. In 1899, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph, the school received a second floor and a gym extension. The extension for the Rankweil-Vorderland special school took place in 1983.
- Former Gasthaus Löwen: According to oral tradition, this mighty baroque gable-roof house from the second half of the 18th century used to be the Gasthof Löwen, which was then moved to the market square (today Bahnhofstraße 2) around 1890. In 1873 Johann Alois Häusle set up a locksmith's shop here. Most of the numerous inns in the well-known and well-visited place of pilgrimage Rankweil were in the immediate vicinity of Liebfrauenberg on the Ringstrasse. Most of them had religiously motivated names and some of them are still in use today.
- Mühlbach: Originating from a side channel of the Frutz, the Mühlbach is first mentioned in a document in 1302. Since then it has been used to generate energy, so mills, saws, forges, but also a cotton spinning mill and a paper and glue factory lined its banks. In 1879, electricity from the Mühlbach was used to generate electricity in Rankweil for the first time. In 1928 there were 22 hydropower plants on the Mühlbach. Today ten are still in operation thanks to private operators.
- Old wash house: The wash house of the Hirschen inn, built at the end of the 19th century, was possibly the only building of its kind on the Mühlbach and testifies to the renowned position of the restaurant. After boiling the laundry in the wash house, the women took the specially constructed stairs to the Mühlbach to swivel the laundry out there.
- Town hall: The origin of the building goes back to the time before 1500, from which the cellar vaults are still preserved. It has been owned by the market town of Rankweil since 1822, and was expanded for the last time in 1885. In the past 200 years the building has been used as a court house, community office, archive, schoolhouse, poor house, bank and as an apartment for teachers, community doctors and gendarmerie officers. Since the renovation in 1998, the building has once again served as the town hall of the Rankweil market town.
- Sigmund Nachbauer Memorial: Josef Sigmund Nachbauer (born February 16, 1759 in Rankweil) was one of the outstanding leaders in the war years 1796, 1799, 1800 and 1809. He grew up in the Rankweiler district of Brederis, where he worked as a teacher from 1777, commanded Nachbauer At the time of the Napoleonic Wars the Rankweiler Schützen and was their leader in the uprising against the Bavarians in 1809. Arrested in 1813, he died in custody in the Ingolstadt fortress that same year. The monument created by Ferdinand and Mathias Bechtold from Feldkirch was inaugurated in 1910.
- Wine production on Liebfrauenberg: first mentioned in the Rhaetian Imperial Surbar from 842, largest expansion in the 14th and 15th centuries. In the middle of the 18th century there were vineyards in Rankweil covering around 33 hectares. Decades of bad harvests, grapevine diseases and the construction of the Arlbergbahn, which made it possible to supply wine cheaply, brought viticulture in Rankweil to a complete standstill. After a long break, wine was grown again on the Berghalde for the first time in 1983.
- Fuchshaus: Today's Fuchshaus is a log building from the 17th century that was originally built as the “Zur Krone” inn. In 1837 the inn was closed and converted into a saltpeter mill. In 1935 the house was renovated by the Fuchs family. The shutters were provided with the fox heads from which the house takes its name. The Fuchshaus has been owned by the market town of Rankweil since 1940. The installation of a gymnasium in the former barn in 1956 was followed by extensive renovation and rededication to a social center in 1999. Today, the adult education center, the Rankweil nursing association and the Mitanand community center are housed in the Fuchshaus.
Churches and chapels
In addition to the basilica, numerous churches and chapels testify to Rankweil's position as a pilgrimage center in Vorarlberg. Rankweil is located directly on the Austrian Way of St. James, which attracts countless pilgrims to Rankweil every year.
- Pilgrimage church “Our Lady of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary” : The pilgrimage church of “Our Lady of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary”, also known as the “Rankweil Basilica”, began in the early Middle Ages around 700 in a church castle with a walled wall and cemetery. Since the 9th century the church has been the center of a large parish. In 1445 it was badly damaged by fire during the Zurich War. In 1657/58 the Baroque master builder Michael Beer built the famous “Loreto Chapel”, the center of the pilgrimage with the “Gnadenbild”, a lime wood sculpture by Hans Rueland around 1480. Until 1816, Rankweil and the Vorarlberger Oberland belonged to the diocese of Chur. She received the title of papal minor basilica in 1985.
- Parsonage on the Liebfrauenberg: Several buildings on the Liebfrauenberg served as parsonage, sacristan or early knife house.
- St. Michaels Church : According to a legend, the angels who helped build the Liebfrauenkirche, the Rankweilers, built the St. Michaels Church in thanks. It stands halfway up the Liebfrauenberg at the main entrance to the pilgrimage church in the middle of the old cemetery. The church was first mentioned in a letter of indulgence in 1300. In 1533 St. Michael was inaugurated again after the nave was extended. The cemetery below was built in 1901.
- Plague Chapel: Rankweil was particularly hard hit by the plague in 1412/13. At that time, 23 out of 52 nuns died in the Valduna monastery; In the Rote Mühle, the later company saw, only one small boy survived from 18 residents. In grateful memory, he had this prayer room built with a flat groin vault in 1447. In memory of the benefactor who had the chapel renovated in 1726, until a few decades ago it was still called "Thomas Sturnische Kapelle in der Hasengasse".
- St. Peter Church : In the old center of Rankweil, first mentioned in a document in 817, changed to Baroque style in 1627, in 1731 tower construction with onion dome. Like the Liebfrauenkirche, it was the mother parish of numerous surrounding communities, from 1238 to 1806 owned by the Kreuzlingen monastery. From 1833 parish vicariate of the mountain church, but honorary title parish with a small parish belonging to it.
- St. Peter's ossuary: The ossuary, which dates from the Baroque period, is used to store bones from newly used graves. It presents itself as a simple rectangular building, on the north side of which you can see two memorial plaques from the first half of the 18th century.
- St. Anna Church : At the western end of the Brederis district there was once said to have been a small chapel dedicated to St. Anna. According to popular legend, the church was built on the spot where St. Eusebius von Viktorsberg is said to have been martyred. The church of St. Anna saved the citizens of Brederis from having to go to church in Rankweil. The rapid population growth in Brederis prompted the population to build a new church. In 1959, the St. Eusebius Church in the village was consecrated, and the little church on the field was almost forgotten. In 1996, the general renovation of St. Anna's Church began and was completed in 2001.
- St. Eusebius Church : built in 1958, in the Brederis district; beautiful late Gothic St. Anna altar from the workshop of Ivo Stiegel (Memmingen, around 1500).
Museums
- Museum for Printmaking: The Museum for Printmaking in Rankweil was opened in 2004. The aim of the museum is to offer the visitor an insight into a fully functioning printing workshop and to provide comprehensive information about the various techniques of printmaking. The aim is to develop a deep understanding of the original artistic graphics in a wide audience. In the area of lithography in particular, a lot of knowledge threatens to be lost in the coming years, as there are fewer and fewer lithographers. This is one of the main tasks of the museum: The documentation of the old techniques so that the knowledge is also secured for future generations.
- Open-air museum Römervilla: In the 1st century AD, Roman settlers built an agricultural estate consisting of several buildings on a cone of rubble by the Frutz in the middle of the Bresner Weitriedes. After the remains of a house equipped with an apse and underfloor heating were discovered in 1954, archaeologists from the Federal Monuments Office uncovered two further buildings between 2002 and 2007, the former main building of the complex and the Roman bathhouse. The walls that have been preserved consist mainly of river rubble (Schrattenkalk, Drusberg layers); regionally occurring tufa was used for the edges (similar to the alleged post office Clunia in Feldkirch-Altenstadt).
- Not only the museum itself offers visitors a direct insight into the time of the Romans in Vorarlberg. Members of the "Legio XXI Rapax" (Roman occupation force in Raetia), as well as Teutons from the far north regularly bring Roman antiquity to life by illustrating the everyday life of Roman soldiers and the civilian population in an entertaining way.
Sports
Rankweil has numerous sports and tennis courts, a tennis hall, a skateboarding facility, a shooting range and an ice rink for public ice skating and ice hockey, a fitness course on the sheep field and a fin track. Rankweil has also had an 18-hole golf course since 2008. Rankweil's sports clubs are also successful across national borders: The "Pool Player Club Rankweil" club played in the Austrian pool-league. The soccer club FC Rot-Weiß Rankweil was in the Regionalliga West until 2009. In the 2011/2012 season, HC Rankweil won the VEHV Cup and was champion of CS EHL Vorarlberg. Track and field athletes from Rankweil have repeatedly made it to the top of the national league, and Klaus Bodenmüller even achieved world class. In addition, major international cycling tours have often led through the town; Rankweil was already a stage destination of the Austria cycle tour. For several years now, Rankweil has been home to the only professional cycling team in Vorarlberg. The Vorarlberg team has a UCI Continental license.
Economy and Infrastructure
The market town of Rankweil is the center of the Vorderland region - around 12,000 people live in the 22 km² area. With 6310 employees and around 12,000 inhabitants, Rankweil is a commuter community. 4512 citizens of the surrounding communities find a job in a total of 311 workplaces. Almost 500 people in Rankweil are self-employed. The next generation in business is trained at 404 apprenticeship positions.
Many companies operate globally in Rankweil, including well-known brand leaders. The industry mix ranges from high-tech devices to fruit juice ( Rauch fruit juices ), from suppliers to the automotive and engine industries to laser products.
The proportion of agricultural land in the total area is around 47 percent.
Rankweil host association
Rankweil is known nationwide for its many inns and guest gardens . The origin of this high density of good middle-class taverns is due to Rankweil's long history as a place of pilgrimage. Most of the large restaurants in Rankweil are members of the Rankweil community. This is an association of Rankweiler restaurateurs who pool their strengths through regular exchange of experience and joint projects.
Rankweil-Vorderland merchants
The aim of the Rankweil-Vorderland merchant community is to bundle and combine the strengths and skills of businesses, retailers, craftsmen and service providers. The Rankweil-Vorderland economic area is to be made better known as a place to live, work and shop through joint campaigns.
environment
e5 is a nationwide award for communities that are particularly active in environmental protection. Rankweil received the fourth of five “e” in 2012 for implemented projects. The municipality is particularly active in the areas of energy efficiency, renewable energy sources and sustainable mobility. For example, ten private hydropower plants are in operation on the Mühlbach alone. The electricity generated also supplies the Haus Klosterreben social center, which was built at the end of 2011 and is considered to be Rankweil's flagship project in the field of energy efficiency. For example, the hot water preparation in summer is provided 100 percent from the house's solar system.
Health and social
In 2012, the market town of Rankweil, together with six other Vorarlberg municipalities, was recognized as a “familieplus municipality” for exemplary child, youth and family policy. As early as 1996, Rankweil was one of the first municipalities in the state to take part in the first phase of the program, at that time under the name “Family-friendly municipality”. In 2010, a social model until 2020 was drawn up. This resulted, for example, in the Bifang children's and family get-together or the series of events “Being a child in Rankweil”, which includes special events for fathers and children.
The Mitanand community center offers help in difficult life situations for children, young people, families and senior citizens. There is also a senior lunchtime meeting for senior citizens, the mobile help service and the Rankler Hock. Families can take advantage of the Rankweil parent advice center and there is a new program for young people every month at the Planet youth club.
- Social center Haus Klosterreben: Haus Klosterreben was opened in November 2011. It is specially designed for very old seniors and is divided into five shared apartments. Overall, the social center offers space for around 60 residents.
- Rebengasse senior living community: The Rebengasse house is the first senior living community in Rankweil and was put into operation in November 2012. The house is located in the middle of a new residential complex and cannot be recognized from the outside as a senior citizen facility. The senior living community for women and men in care levels one to three is designed and set up. All activities of daily life and housekeeping are done together.
- Rankweil State Hospital: The Rankweil State Hospital is a national leader in the fields of neurology, clinical psychology and psychotherapy. In addition, various forms of therapy are offered: Sociotherapeutic residential wards, psychiatric and functional occupational therapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, music therapy, dance therapy, as well as activation therapy in the areas of sport, creative design and work preparation, diet service and laboratory.
Personalities
- Sons and daughters of the church
- Johann Matthäus Abbrederis (1652 – after 1725), organ builder
- Georg Matt (1861–1938), sculptor
- Jakob Ammann (1881–1955), businessman and politician, member of the Vorarlberg state parliament
- Egmont Jenny (1924–2010), doctor, politician and publicist
- Regina Branner (1931–2017), shot put, pentathlete and javelin thrower
- Günter Dietrich (* 1941) former member of the state parliament and member of the National Council
- Johannes Rauch (* 1959), politician of the Greens
- Wolfgang Linder (* 1961), writer and cabaret artist
- Doris Knecht (* 1966), journalist
- Mario Reiter (* 1970), ski racer and Olympic champion
- People related to the community
- Mathias Jenny (1865–1939), councilor and member of the state parliament
- Herbert Keßler (1925–2018), politician and former governor of Vorarlberg
- Klaus Bodenmüller (* 1962), athlete and European champion (Halle)
Web links
- 80414 - Rankweil. Community data, Statistics Austria .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b First woman at the helm in Rankweil. In: vorarlberg.ORF.at . April 30, 2019, accessed April 30, 2019 .
- ^ Mühlbachgenossenschaft Rankweil ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Residential register market town Rankweil, January 2013
- ↑ Michael Unterwurzacher, Beate Rüf, Diethard Sanders, "Quelltuff in Vorarlberg - Education, Use, Material-Technical Properties" , Vorarlberger Naturschau, 19, p. 219, Dornbirn 2006.
- ↑ Open-air museum Roman villa Rankweil-Brederis
