Bochold

Bochold district of Essen
Basic data
surface	3.19  km²
Residents	18,173 (March 31, 2020)
Coordinates	51 ° 28 '30 "  N , 6 ° 58' 3"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '30 "  N , 6 ° 58' 3"  E
height	44  m
Incorporation	Apr 1, 1915
Spatial assignment
Post Code	45143, 45355, 45356
District number	22nd
district	District IV Borbeck
image
Parish church of St. Maria Rosenkranz , built in 1888, rebuilt after 1945 modified by Engelbert Köjer
Source: City of Essen statistics

Bochold ( called Platt Baukholt in Borbeck ) is a north-western and most populous district of the city of Essen .

history

St. Corpus Christi Church, consecrated at the end of 1932 by Auxiliary Bishop Joseph Hammels , considerable war damage in 1943, gradually rebuilt until 1962, changed in 1992, listed as a historical monument since 1995

The former peasantry of Bochold belonged to the Borbeck mayor's office and was incorporated into the city of Essen with it in 1915. Today Bochold, which consisted of homesteads until before industrialization in the 19th century, is the most densely populated part of the city district. The settlement began with the construction of mines. The first was the Carolus Magnus colliery, founded in 1841 . Six years later, the Phönixhütte, with the first functional coke furnace in the Ruhr area, and the zinchütte at Essen-Bergeborbeck train station , which despite its name is located in the Bochold area. In 1850 the Wolfsbank 2 shaft of the Wolfsbank colliery was sunk . The population structure of the previously Catholic region changed as a result of the immigration of people looking for work. Due to the increase in the number of Protestants, the first Protestant school opened on the Fly Busch in 1845, and the first Protestant church service took place in 1853. On October 26, 1864, the first Protestant church of Borbeck's mayor's office was inaugurated with the Matthäuskirche (on Borbeck's territory) . The local mountains , now a geriatric -Zentrum was once a knight seat of the Lords op the mountain. After changing owners several times, it went to the Sisters of Mercy of St. Elisabeth , who had the first hospital built in the district. In 1894 a two-storey villa, now a listed building, was built on Legrandalle (then Kaiserallee) by the municipal builder Heinrich Wilhelm Voßkühler (* 1852 in Mülheim an der Ruhr, † 1914 in Essen-Borbeck). Vosskühler planned in vain to give the arbitrary arrangement of commercial, residential and transport facilities in the district a structure. He defended himself against intrigues that seriously impaired him professionally and privately by making the undesirable developments public. The files created in this way now provide valuable information on the development history of the entire Ruhr area. Bochold also had to struggle with the general death of collieries in the 1960s. The Carolus Magnus colliery was closed in 1962 and the Wolfsbank colliery on New Year's Eve 1963. The coking plant was closed in 1966.

The Salesians of Don Bosco sat down since 1921 in Bochold for young people one, so Theodor Hartz , the then head of the St. Johannes-pin, for the Nazi era followed and the Dachau concentration camp was taken. There he died on August 23, 1942, a memorial stone on the St. Johannes Bosco Church in Borbeck commemorates this. In 1966 the Don-Bosco-Gymnasium was established there and in 1974 the Don-Bosco-Club.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Bochold

Blazon : on a silver (white) background a three-armed red goblet with forked branches, angled by green beech leaves.

Meaning: The old names Bochold are "Bocholta", "Bucholte" and "Boicholte"; they mean beech wood. Bochold is therefore a settlement that was created after the beech forest was cleared. The Göpel is a mechanical device for generating a driving force. In the past, horses turned an axis by means of wooden beams arranged in a star shape. Göpel were also used to mine coal.

character

Since Bochold does not have its own town center, it is hardly perceived as a separate district even by the Essen population. The difficult delimitation also contributes to this, as the development seamlessly merges into the neighboring districts. Bocholder Strasse, the district's main artery, offers a few shops for everyday items. In addition to some high-rise residential buildings, there are also well-tended villas and newer settlements with green spaces and playgrounds in Bochold. Many Bocholders identify themselves based on the parishes that are active with kindergartens, schools, youth, choral and music associations in the district or count themselves as Borbeckers.

The economy of the district is determined by small and medium-sized businesses. Most of these businesses have settled on old colliery grounds, such as the former Wolfsbank colliery , today's Wolfsbankring industrial estate. Two further industrial areas are the Carolus Magnus area in the west and the area between Bottroperstrasse and Zollstrasse in the east.

The Haus Berge geriatric center , the geriatric clinic of the Elisabeth Hospital in Essen-Huttrop, is located in Bochold . It is considered a pioneer in inpatient, semi-inpatient and outpatient geriatric medicine. In addition to the acute clinic, the geriatrics center also includes the Haus Berge senior citizen's home, which was created in 2005, and 51 handicapped and senior-friendly apartments for the elderly for assisted living .

Europe's largest tennis facility with 16 indoor and 12 outdoor courts is located on Hafenstrasse.

location

Bochold borders on the districts of Schönebeck , Borbeck-Mitte , Bergeborbeck , Vogelheim , Altenessen , Nordviertel and Altendorf and runs along Bocholder Straße and Haus-Berge-Straße. The exact limits are the Johannes Brokamp, ​​Carl Kruft, Flanders, Zink, Carolus Magnus, Bottroper, Hövel, Bottroper, Helenen, Zoll, the Dorstener Straße, the Hagenbecker Bahn, the Borbecker Mühlenbach, the Altendorfer-, the Bocholder-, the Kettelerstraße, the Matthäusfriedhof , the Marreweg, the Wall-, the Wüstenhöfer-, the Veleda-, the Borbecker-, the Otto-Brenner- Street and the market street.

education

Bochold has, among other things, several church-municipal kindergartens and schools, including the Catholic Don Bosco grammar school , which was opened by the Salensians at the time as a boys' grammar school . Other secondary schools are the Bochold secondary school on Jahnstrasse and, since 1997, the branch of the Borbeck grammar school exclusively for test levels 5 and 6.

population

On March 31, 2020, 18,173 residents lived in Bochold.

Structural data of the population in Bochold (as of March 31, 2020):

• Share of the population under 18-year-olds: 19.1% (Essen average: 16.2%)
• Share of the population of at least 65-year-olds: 20.8% (Essen average: 21.5%)
• Proportion of foreigners: 21.6% (Essen average: 16.9%)

Waters

Bochold is traversed by the Borbecker Mühlenbach from southwest to northeast . The creek forms the border to the Altendorf district for about one kilometer. The right tributary is the Sälzerbach, which flows into the Borbecker Mühlenbach near the district boundary in Bochold.

literature

• Ludwig W. Wördehoff: Borbeck in his street names. Rainer-Henselowsky-Verlag, Essen 1987
• Walter Wimmer: Grown over 11 centuries - Borbeck Chronicle. Verlag Borbecker Nachrichten, Essen (published in several volumes)
• Friedrich Wilhelm Dethmar: The consecration of the first Protestant church in Bochold on October 18th, 1819, with some historical fragments. Bädeker, Essen 1819 digitized

Web links

Commons : Essen-Bochold  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

See also

• List of architectural monuments in Bochold

Individual evidence

1. ↑ See Johann Rainer Busch: Kurt Schweders Wappen der Essener Stadtteile Essen 2009, p. 69
2. ↑ Population figures of the districts
3. ↑ Proportion of the population under 18 years of age
4. ↑ Proportion of the population aged 65 and over
5. ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the city districts