Haus Stein (Essen)
| House stone | ||
|---|---|---|
 Haus Stein, 2011 |
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| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Side wing of the manor house from the 19th century | |
| Place: | Food - braid of hair | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 24 '52.5 " N , 6 ° 57' 59.3" E | |
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Haus Stein is a medieval , former knight's seat at Birkmannsweg 35 in what is now Essen 's Haarzopf district .
history
House Stone was in the border area between the rule of Broich , the pin Essen and Werden Abbey as service fief of the Abbey are built. It was first mentioned in 1360, as a knight Heinrich von Luttelnau from the castle Luttelnau at the Ruhr in Kettwig with Hausenstein invested was.
The first expansion to a moated castle took place around 1550. At that time the complex consisted of a manor house and an outer bailey with farm buildings. The complex was surrounded by a moat , which also separated the manor house and the outer bailey. The traditional field name An der Porten is supposed to refer to an earlier drawbridge over the moat.
From 1625 the complex was further enlarged by various owners. From 1674 the house owned by Franz Maximillian of Holling was one of Emperor Leopold I to the peerage raised captain and steward of direct imperial fief Mülheim-Styrum . Von Holling repaired war damage and added a house chapel and a bakery and brewery to the house .
In 1765, Hof Birkmann, first mentioned in a document in 1215, was acquired by Henrich Birkmann and his wife Gertrud née Hölters for 2,750 Reichstaler from the owner of the Stein family. In 1786, at the instigation of the Werden abbot Bernhard II , the bakery and brewery as well as the Halfmannshaus were demolished and rebuilt 300 meters further on the Werdener Abbey area as the new Halfmannshof, Neuen Stein (Neusteinshof). In the 18th century, side wings were added to the main house.
In 1795 the corridor of the same name Haus Stein was sold in plots with the permission of the feudal lord. On June 26, 1798, the then buyer Johann Wilhelm Buschbruck was enfeoffed with the main sole. On November 26, 1828, the property was publicly auctioned at the request of the Buschbruck heirs. The cattle dealer Wilhelm Hinninghofen won the bid with the highest bid of 1400 thalers.
When the owners became impoverished, the complex fell into disrepair and was largely demolished in the 19th century. The converted farm buildings from the 19th century and the south-eastern side wing as well as part of the cellar vault of the central wing of the main building have been preserved.
Parts of the side wing were plastered around 1900 . Parts of the moat were also filled with water again. Other trench pieces can still be seen in the area today.
In 1985, some remains of the medieval wall and the cellars with barrel vaults were placed under protection as a monument .
In 1998 the facility underwent extensive redesign and renovation measures. Remnants of the medieval residential tower that had been integrated into the side wing were discovered. The preserved side wing is now a private residence and not open to the public.
literature
- Cordula Brand, Guido Krause, Uwe Schoenfelder: Excavations at the former late medieval moated castle Haus Stein. In: Archeology in the Rhineland 1999 . Cologne, Bonn 2000, pages 144-146.
- Cordula Brand, Guido Krause, Uwe Schoenfelder: The building findings of the excavations at "Haus Stein" in Essen hair braid. In: Essen contributions . Volume 112. Essen 2000, pages 295-300.
- Bianca Khil: House stone. In: Detlef Hopp , Bianca Khil, Elke Schneider (eds.): Burgenland Essen. Castles, palaces and permanent houses in Essen . Klartext Verlag , Essen 2017, ISBN 978-3-8375-1739-2 , pp. 102-105.
- Herbert Schmitz: From the history of the baronial house of Stein. In: The Minster on Hellweg . Volume 12. Essen 1959, pages 37-40.
Web links
- Entry on the Stein castle complex in Haarzopf in the " KuLaDig " database of the Rhineland Regional Council
- Entry as a monument in the list of monuments of the city of Essen
- Entry as a ground monument in the list of monuments of the city of Essen