Amsterdam Centraal train station
| Amsterdam Centraal | |
|---|---|
 Main entrance to Amsterdam Centraal station
|
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Junction station |
| Design | Through station |
| Platform tracks | 11 |
| abbreviation | Asd |
| IBNR | 8400058 |
| opening | October 15, 1889 |
| Website URL | NS info page |
| Architectural data | |
| architect | Pierre Cuypers |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Amsterdam |
| province | North Holland |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 22 '42 " N , 4 ° 54' 0" E |
| Railway lines | |
| List of train stations in the Netherlands | |
Amsterdam Centraal is the main train station in the Dutch capital, Amsterdam . With 192,178 passengers a day (2018), Amsterdam Central Station is the second busiest station in the Netherlands after Utrecht Centraal station .
Traffic significance
As one of the most important long-distance train stations in the Netherlands, Amsterdam Central Station is the stopping point for high-speed trains Eurostar , ICE International and Thalys .
The station connects Amsterdam with the major European cities of Paris , Brussels , London , Antwerp , Berlin , Cologne , Copenhagen , Frankfurt am Main , Munich and Basel . It thus connects Amsterdam with European long-distance traffic, was and is the starting and ending point for passenger trains operated by Deutsche Bahn , the French state railway SNCF and the Belgian NMBS / SNCB .
Amsterdam Centraal is also a hub for regional and urban transport. Numerous buses, trams , the city metro and Amsterdam ferries stop there .
Reception building
In 1875 the architect PJH Cuypers and the engineer AL van Gendt were commissioned to design the reception building . It is made of red brick with natural stone decorations and is in the neo-renaissance style. The slightly protruding main entrance was deliberately designed by Cuypers as a “city gate” ( Stadspoort ) with two towers, which gives travelers the impression of entering the city through “the gate”. The decorations of the towers show scenes from the trade, industry and shipping at that time.
The gable shows the imperial coat of arms between two lions. Among them are fourteen coats of arms of cities, including Berlin, Saint Petersburg and Paris, which could then be reached by rail.
On the eastern side is the “Koningspaviljoen” ( Royal Pavilion ), a princely room with decorations by Georg Sturm . The tall passengers could drive into the interior in a carriage through a wide gate. Opposite the main train station is the Smits Koffiehuis, founded in 1911 . It was dismantled in 1972 because of the construction of the Amsterdam Metro , the parts were stored and rebuilt in 1980 with the old components. In addition to the café, there is also the VVV-Kantoor ( VVV ) tourist office .
The building stands today as Rijksmonument under monument protection and is being designed by Benthem Crouwel expanded structurally architects.
The architect Cuypers had designed the station, but the two large, tube-shaped platform halls were designed by the railway engineer LJ Eijmer. The first hall on the city side was completed in 1889, the narrower and longer hall on the IJ side (towards the water) was completed in 1922. The platform areas between the two halls that remained open at the time were only roofed over in 1996 with a different construction method based on a design by Jan Garvelink.
history
Amsterdam Centraal was built on three artificial islands and stands on around 9,000 wooden piles because of the sandy, moist subsoil . The station was opened on October 15, 1889, replacing the “Willemspoort” and “Westerdok” stations.
In 1889 there were 194 trains per day, in 1904 there were 404 and in the 1980s 1000 trains. From 1904 the square ( Plein ) in front of the main train station ( Stationsplein ) became the most important junction for public transport, today: buses, trams and Amsterdam Metro . Initially, the station had special waiting rooms for the royal family and foreign travelers, as well as offices for railway officials.
Since 1997, the central station will be rebuilt, renovated and the subway ( Metro ) Noord / Zuidlijn ( North / South Line ) created what is to last until the year 2018th
The best-known trains from Amsterdam Centraal included the luxury trains Riviera Express , Rheingold , Edelweiss , Étoile du Nord and L'Oiseau bleu , some of which were later converted into TEE trains . From 2018, the Eurostar is to continue this tradition and connect Amsterdam with London-St Pancras (initially only in the direction of London-Amsterdam, from 2020 also in the opposite direction).
Planning
The Dutch government plans to move long-distance traffic from the station to Amsterdam-Zuid to avoid trains turning around in Amsterdam Centraal. With this and together with renovation measures, the current frequency of 34 trains per hour could be increased to 57 trains per hour. All platform-less tracks are to be expanded and the number of platforms reduced from ten to nine. The space gained will be used to widen the remaining platforms, create more space for travelers and ensure faster processing. All of that is said to be about 350 million. Euro cost and not be completed before the 2030th The Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), as the main user of the facility, are defending themselves against the measure because they do not agree with the intended operating concept.
Route connections
The following lines operate at Amsterdam Centraal station in the 2020 annual timetable:
| Train type | Line course | frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Eurostar | Amsterdam - Rotterdam - Bruxelles-Midi - Lille Europe - St Pancras | twice daily |
| Thalys | Amsterdam - Schiphol Airport - Rotterdam - Antwerp - Bruxelles-Midi - Paris-Nord | eleven times a day |
| Thalys | Amsterdam - Schiphol Airport - Rotterdam - Antwerp - Bruxelles-Midi - Lille Europe - Chambéry-Challes-les-Eaux - Albertville - Moûtiers-Salins-Brides-les-Bains - Aime-La Plagne - Landry - Bourg-Saint-Maurice | weekly |
| Intercity Express (NS International) | Amsterdam - Utrecht - Arnhem - Oberhausen - Duisburg - Düsseldorf - Cologne - Frankfurt (Main) Airport - Frankfurt (Main) (- Mannheim - Karlsruhe - Offenburg - Freiburg (Breisgau) - Basel Bad - Basel SBB ) | every two hours; daily to Basel |
| Intercity (NS International / DB Fernverkehr ) | Amsterdam - Amersfoort - Deventer - Hengelo - Bad Bentheim - Rheine - Osnabrück - Hanover - Berlin - Berlin East | every two hours |
| Intercity Direct | Amsterdam - Schiphol Airport - Rotterdam - Breda | every half hour |
| Intercity Direct | Amsterdam - Schiphol Airport - Rotterdam | every half hour |
| Intercity Direct | Amsterdam - Schiphol Airport - Rotterdam - Breda - Antwerp - Mechelen - Bruxelles - Bruxelles-Midi | every half hour |
| Intercity | Maastricht - Sittard - Roermond - Eindhoven Centraal - 's-Hertogenbosch - Utrecht Centraal - Amsterdam Centraal - Alkmaar (- Schagen - Den Helder ) | every half hour (does not run in the evening; only runs during peak hours via Schagen to Den Helder) |
| Intercity (night network) | Utrecht - Amsterdam - Schiphol Airport - The Hague HS - Rotterdam | hourly |
| Intercity | Amsterdam - Hilversum - Amersfoort | every half hour |
| Intercity | Amsterdam - Haarlem - Leiden - The Hague | every half hour (does not run after 10 p.m.) |
| Intercity | Amsterdam - Amsterdam Sloterdijk - Haarlem - Leiden - The Hague HS - Delft - Rotterdam - Dordrecht - Roosendaal - Vlissingen | every half hour |
| Intercity | Almere - Amsterdam | every half hour |
| Intercity | Enkhuizen - Hoorn - Amsterdam - Utrecht - 's-Hertogenbosch - Eindhoven - Roermond - Maastricht | every half hour (only runs late in the evening and on Sunday mornings) |
| Intercity | Nijmegen - Arnhem - Ede-Wageningen - Utrecht - Amsterdam - Alkmaar - Den Helder | every half hour |
| Intercity | Enkhuizen - Hoorn - Amsterdam - Utrecht - 's-Hertogenbosch - Eindhoven (- Heerlen ) | every half hour (runs every hour between Sittard and Heerlen early in the morning and in the evening) |
| Intercity | Amsterdam - Hoorn - Enkhuizen | every half hour (only runs during peak hours) |
| Intercity | Groningen - Assen - Zwolle - Lelystad - Almere - Amsterdam | On Friday and Saturday nights, a pair of trains heading for Amsterdam |
| Intercity | Amsterdam - Haarlem | 2 times a day (only stops on Friday and Saturday nights) |
| sprinter | Uitgeest - Zaandam - Amsterdam - Breukelen - Woerden - Gouda - Rotterdam | every half hour |
| sprinter | The Hague - Leiden - Schiphol Airport - Amsterdam Sloterdijk - Amsterdam | every half hour |
| sprinter | Amsterdam - Haarlem - Alkmaar - Hoorn | every half hour |
| sprinter | Amsterdam - Haarlem - Zandvoort | every half hour |
| sprinter | Hoofddorp - Schiphol Airport - Amsterdam Sloterdijk - Amsterdam | every half hour |
| sprinter | Uitgeest - Zaandam - Amsterdam - Breukelen - Utrecht - Driebergen-Zeist - Rhenen | every half hour (only runs during the day on working days) |
| sprinter | Amsterdam - Weesp - Almere - Lelystad - Zwolle | every half hour |
| sprinter | Amersfoort Vathorst - Amersfoort - Hilversum - Weesp - Amsterdam | every half hour |
Local public transport
In terms of local public transport , Amsterdam Centraal station is served by the following lines:
| Type of train | Line course |
|---|---|
| Tram lines 2, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 24, 26 | 2 Centraal - Nieuw Sloten, 4 Centraal - RAI station, 11 Centraal - Surinameplein, 12 Centraal - Amstel station, 13 Centraal - Geuzenveld, 14 Centraal - Flevopark, 17 Centraal - Osdorp, 24 Centraal - VU Medisch Centrum, 26 Centraal - Rietlandpark - IJburg |
| Metro lines 51, 52, 53, 54 | 51 Centraal - Sloterdijk Isolatorweg, 52 Noord - Centraal - Station Zuid, 53 Centraal - Gaasperplas, 54 Centraal - Gein |
Excursion boats and ferries
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On the north side of the station, the Amsterdam ferries cross the river IJ u. a. to the NDSM shipyard and the film museum. On the south side, the excursion boats dock through the canals.
literature
- Aart Oxenaar. Centraal Station Amsterdam. Het paleis voor de Reiziger . SDU uitgeverij, The Hague 1989. ISBN 90-12-06210-1
Web links
- Amsterdam Centraal . In: treinstationinfo.nl (Dutch)
- Amsterdam Centraal station . In: stationsweb.nl (Dutch)
- Amsterdam Central Station - Centraal Station . In: amsterdam.info (English)
- History of the Amsterdam Centraal station. In: isgeschiedenis.nl (Dutch)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Biggest, smallest and largest stations 2018. In: nieuws.ns.nl. Nederlandse Spoorwegen NV, July 4, 2019, accessed on July 21, 2019 (Dutch).
- ↑ designed by PJH Cuypers . Dutch, accessed May 14, 2010
- ^ Amsterdam Centraal Station , Dutch, accessed May 14, 2010
- ↑ Google Earth Wereld, Amsterdam Centraal ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Dutch, accessed May 14, 2010
- ↑ History of the “Stationeiland” ( Memento of the original from November 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Dutch, accessed May 14, 2010
- ↑ vos: Expansion and renovation in Amsterdam . In: Eisenbahn-Revue International 8–9 / 2018, p. 436.
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Centraal | Amstel | Bijlmer Arena | Holendrecht | Lelylaan | Muiderpoort | RAI | Science Park | Sloterdijk | Zuid