Reichstag election 1903
The Reichstag election in 1903 was the election for the 11th German Reichstag . It took place on June 16, 1903.
The turnout was around 76%, which is significantly higher than in the Reichstag election in 1898 .
Both the “ cartel parties ” and the center remained stable. They had essentially supported the government around Chancellor Bernhard von Bülow .
However, the increase in the number of Social Democrats became clear again. In terms of the number of votes, they were clearly the strongest party for a long time, but the current majority voting system only made them the second strongest force in parliament. In the “ Red Kingdom ” (Saxony) they were able to win 22 of the 23 constituencies. The left-wing liberals and the smaller parties in particular suffered losses. For the first time, Wojciech Korfanty , a candidate from the Polish parties, was successful in an Upper Silesian constituency.
In the new Reichstag, the strengthened Social Democrats opposed government policy. In the context of the First Morocco Crisis and the general armaments they criticized the German foreign policy, which in their opinion was unsuccessful. Internally, the Social Democrats, together with the left-wing liberals, pushed for reforms. Although they were unable to pass an application for the abolition of three-class voting rights in Prussia , in 1906 they succeeded in introducing diets for members of the Reichstag. Before that, Social Democrats in particular, who often had no large amount of assets of their own or their own current income, had to rely on support from the party coffers.
At the end of 1906 the Reichstag was prematurely dissolved and the Reichstag election in 1907 took place .
Results
| Political Direction | Parties | Votes | Sit in the Reichstag | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in millions | proportion of | compared to 1898 | absolutely | proportion of | compared to 1898 | ||||
| conservative | German Conservative Party (DKP) | 0.948 | 10.0% | −1.1% | 54 | 13.6% | −2 | ||
| German Reich Party (DRP) | 0.333 | 3.5% | −0.9% | 21st | 5.3% | −1 | |||
| liberal | Right- | National Liberal Party (NLP) | 1.317 | 13.9% | +1.4% | 51 | 12.8% | +3 | |
| moderate | Liberal Association (FVg) | 0.243 | 2.6% | + 0.1% | 9 | 2.3% | −4 | ||
| Left- | Liberal People's Party (FVp) | 0.538 | 5.7% | −1.5% | 21st | 5.3% | −8 | ||
| German People's Party (DtVP) | 0.091 | 1.0% | −0.4% | 6th | 1.5% | −2 | |||
| Catholics | Center Party | 1,875 | 19.7% | + 0.9% | 100 | 25.2% | −2 | ||
| Socialists | Social Democrats (SPD) | 3.011 | 31.7% | + 4.5% | 81 | 20.4% | +25 | ||
|
Other and independent |
Regional parties , minorities 1) | 0.559 | 5.9% | −0.2% | 32 | 8.1% | −3 | ||
| Peasant parties / alliances 2) | 0.230 | 2.4% | −0.8% | 8th | 2.0% | −3 | |||
| Anti-Semite parties 3) | 0.245 | 2.6% | −1.1% | 11 | 2.8% | −2 | |||
| Other 4) | 0.104 | 1.1% | −0.8% | 3 | 0.6% | −1 | |||
| total | 9.496 | 100% | 397 | 100% | |||||
Remarks:
- 1) Seats: German-Hanoverian Party (DHP) 6 (−3), Poland 16 (+2), Danes 1 (± 0), Alsace-Lorraine 9 (−1)
- 2) Seats: Federation of Farmers (BdL) 4 (−2), Bayerischer Bauernbund (BB) 3 (−2), Württembergischer Bauernbund 1 (+1)
- 3) Seats: German Reform Party (Ref) 6 (+6), German Social Party (DSP) 3 (+3), Christian Social Party (CSP) 2 (+1)
- 4) Seats: National Social Association (NSV) 1 (+1), indefinite 2 (−2)
Elected MPs by constituency
In each of the 397 constituencies , a member was elected by absolute majority voting. If no candidate achieved an absolute majority in the first ballot, a runoff election was held between the two best-placed candidates. The following tables show the constituency winners and their party status as stated in the official final result.
Prussia
Bavaria
Saxony
Württemberg
to bathe
| Grand Duchy of Baden | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Constance , Überlingen , Stockach | Friedrich Hug | center | |
| 2 | Donaueschingen , Villingen | Friedrich Faller | NLP | |
| 3 | Waldshut , Säckingen , Neustadt in the Black Forest | Joseph Schuler | center | |
| 4th | Loerrach , Muellheim | Ernst Blankenhorn | NLP | |
| 5 | Freiburg , Emmendingen | Ludwig Marbe | center | |
| 6th | Lahr , Wolfach | Constantin Fehrenbach | center | |
| 7th | Offenburg , Kehl | Julius student | center | |
| 8th | Rastatt , Bühl , Baden-Baden | Franz Xaver Lender | center | |
| 9 | Pforzheim , Ettlingen | Emil Eichhorn | SPD | |
| 10 | Karlsruhe , Bruchsal | Adolf Geck | SPD | |
| 11 | Mannheim | August Dreesbach | SPD | |
| 12 | Heidelberg , Mosbach | Anton Josef Beck | NLP | |
| 13 | Bretten , Sinsheim | Valentin Müller | NLP | |
| 14th | Tauberbischofsheim , Buchen | Johann Anton tenth | center | |
Hesse
| Grand Duchy of Hesse | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Giessen , Grünberg , Nidda | Louis Heyligenstaedt | NLP | |
| 2 | Friedberg , Büdingen , Vilbel | Waldemar of Oriola | NLP | |
| 3 | Lauterbach , Alsfeld , Schotten | Eduard Wallau | NLP | |
| 4th | Darmstadt , Gross-Gerau | Balthasar Cramer | SPD | |
| 5 | Offenbach , Dieburg | Jacob Becker | NLP | |
| 6th | Erbach , Bensheim , Lindenfels , Neustadt im Odenwald | Wilhelm Haas | NLP | |
| 7th | Worms , Heppenheim , Wimpfen | Cornelius von Heyl zu Herrnsheim | NLP | |
| 8th | Bingen , Alzey | Reinhart Schmidt | FVp | |
| 9 | Mainz , Oppenheim | Eduard David | SPD | |
Small states
Alsace-Lorraine
| Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Altkirch , Thann | Eugene Ricklin | Alsatian | |
| 2 | Mulhouse | Theodor Schlumberger | NLP | |
| 3 | Kolmar | Jacques Preiss | Alsatian | |
| 4th | Gebweiler | Alphons Roellinger | Alsatian | |
| 5 | Rappoltsweiler | Emile Wetterlé | Alsatian | |
| 6th | Schlettstadt | Leo Vonderscheer | Alsatian | |
| 7th | Molsheim , Erstein | Nicolaus Delsor | Alsatian | |
| 8th | Strasbourg city | Adolf Riff | FVg | |
| 9 | Strasbourg country | Daniel Blumenthal | DtVP | |
| 10 | Hagenau , Weissenburg | Heinrich Wiltberger | Alsatian | |
| 11 | Babble | Johannes Hoeffel | DRP | |
| 12 | Saargemünd , Forbach | Franz de Schmid | DKP | |
| 13 | Bolchen , Diedenhofen | Peter Merot | Lorraine | |
| 14th | Metz | Max Jaunez | indefinite | |
| 15th | Saarburg , Chateau-Salins | Johann Labroise | Lorraine | |
The parliamentary groups of the 11th Reichstag
In the 11th Reichstag, not all members of the parliamentary group joined their actual party. Some of the DHP MPs joined the center group. The BdL MP Hufnagel (Ansbach) became a member of the German Conservative Group. The other BdL members joined forces with the German Socialists and the Christian Socialists as well as the Bauernbund members to form the Economic Association . At the beginning of the 11th legislative period, the parliamentary groups had the following strengths:
| center | 101 |
| Social democrats | 81 |
| German Conservatives | 52 |
| National Liberals | 50 |
| Liberal People's Party | 21st |
| German Reich Party | 20th |
| Poland | 16 |
| Economic association | 12 |
| Liberal Association | 10 |
| German People's Party | 6th |
| German reform party | 6th |
| Non-attached | 22nd |
In the further course of the legislative period, the strength of the individual parliamentary groups changed several times due to by-elections and changes in parliamentary groups.
See also
literature
- Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918. Alliances, results, candidates (= handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 15). Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-5284-4 .
Web links
- Reichstag election 1903 with graphics in the LeMO ( DHM and HdG )
- Elections in Germany until 1918 , there:
- German history in documents and pictures , there:
Individual evidence
- ^ Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918. Alliances, results, candidates (= handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 15). Half volume 1, Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-5284-4 , pp. 580-581.
- ↑ a b Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): Quarterly Issues on Statistics of the German Reich - Supplementary Issue 1903, IV . Berlin 1903, p. 2-60 .
- ^ Reichstag Handbook 1903. (PDF) Munich Digitization Center, p. 364 , accessed on November 20, 2009 .
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