Oelsnitz / Vogtl.
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Coordinates: 50 ° 25 ' N , 12 ° 11' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Vogtland district | |
| Management Community : | Oelsnitz / Vogtl. | |
| Height : | 405 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 53.67 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,143 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 189 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 08606 | |
| Primaries : | 037421, 037436 (Magwitz, Göswein) | |
| License plate : | V, AE, OVL, PL, RC | |
| Community key : | 14 5 23 300 | |
| City structure: | Core city, 10 districts | |
City administration address : |
Markt 1 08606 Oelsnitz |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Mario Horn ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Oelsnitz / Vogtl. in the Vogtland district | ||
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Oelsnitz / Vogtl. [ ˈŒlsnɪts ] is a large district town in the Saxon Vogtlandkreis . The city is located south of Plauen and is a member of the Oelsnitz / Vogtl administrative community.
geography
Geographical location
Oelsnitz is located in the Saxon Vogtland and on an old trade route between Plauen and Eger . The White Elster flows on the edge of the city center . The city is located in the west of the Vogtlandkreis and in the Saxon part of the historical Vogtland. Oelsnitz / Vogtl is geographically located. in the center of the Vogtland natural area (transition from the Mittel Vogtland hilltop to the Upper Vogtland ).
Neighboring communities
Oelsnitz / Vogtl. is centrally located in the Vogtlandkreis and borders on seven other municipalities in the district.
| Plauen | Tirpersdorf | |
| Weischlitz |
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Mill Valley |
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Bösenbrunn Triebel |
Calibrates |
City structure
- Görnitz with dance mill
- Hartmannsgrün
- Oberhermsgrün and Unterhermsgrün
- Lauterbach
- Magwitz with Göswein
- Oelsnitz
- Sweat
- Raasdorf
- Quick look
- Taltitz with Dorbenck and New World
- Undermarx green
- Voigtsberg
history
The first settlement of the region, like the place name, is of Sorbian origin. The name is derived - as with Oelsa - from the Old Sorbian olešnica , "settlement or brook at the alder forest" ( olša = "alder", cf. Obersorb . Wólša ). Oelsnitz was first mentioned in a document in 1200, the first mention of the Jakobikirche took place in 1227. In the years 1232 to 1248 the bailiffs of Straßberg built the Voigtsberg Castle , which later became Voigtsberg Castle. Between 1327 and 1356 the city was laid out as planned. The first documentary evidence of the town charter in Oelsnitz comes from the year 1357. In that year the town and castle Voigtsberg came from the possession of the Plauen bailiffs to the Wettins as a result of the Vogtland War . In the Schmalkaldic War , the Ernestine Wettins lost the Burgraviate of Meissen to the family of the bailiffs of Plauen after the Catholic imperial army under the Bohemian military leader Sebastian von Weitmühl defeated the Electoral Saxon troops of the Protestant Wettins in the battle of Oelsnitz on November 1, 1546. Oelsnitz came back under Vögtic rule until they finally lost the rule of Voigtsberg including Oelsnitz in 1563 to the Albertine Wettins . On August 13, 1632, during the Thirty Years' War , the troops of General Heinrich von Holk captured the city, which was sacked and burned down. Many residents, including those who fled to church, were killed. In 1724, a Saxon post-mile column was erected in front of the Obertor, which last stood at the town hall until the town fire in 1859 . Its replica was built on Pfortenstraße in 2018.
Oelsnitz was persecuted by witches from 1654 to 1658 . A woman and her daughter as well as a cow boy got into witch trials. In addition, between 1678 and 1688 there were also persecutions of witches in today's districts of Magwitz and Voigtsberg. Maria Magdalena, 19 years old, wife of bailiff Hans Thomas Raßenhauer, got into a witch trial and was sentenced to expulsion from the country.
Until 1856, Oelsnitz belonged to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Voigtsberg . In 1856 the city became the seat of the Oelsnitz court office and in 1875 the Oelsnitz administration . In June 1927, Oelsnitz was the first municipality in Germany in which Otto Karl Bachmann, a member of the Communist Party, was elected mayor.
As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , the city of Oelsnitz became the seat of the Oelsnitz district in the Chemnitz district in 1952 (renamed Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Saxon Oelsnitz district in 1990. Until the formation of the Vogtlandkreis on January 1, 1996, Oelsnitz was the seat of the Oelsnitz district of the same name and had a joint license plate with the Klingenthal district (OVL for Obervogtland ).
City view from the south 1628
City map section around 1800
City map section around 1860
City map section around 1900
Economic history
In the 14th century industrial development began with textile crafts and mining (copper, iron, tin). The textile industry was the whole Vogtland from the 16th century increasingly become a supporting industry. In the 15th and 16th centuries there was also pearl fishing in the White Elster and its tributaries. Oelsnitz received a railway connection in 1865 with the Herlasgrün – Falkenstein – Oelsnitz – Adorf – Eger ( Voigtland State Railway ) line. The use of the railroad has made it much easier to obtain raw materials or semi-finished products and to ship the products produced. This also promoted the industrialization of the Vogtland. The Oelsnitz (Vogtl) train station developed into a local railway junction with the opening of the Plauen – Oelsnitz connection. Today, however, only the Plauen – Oelsnitz – Cheb line is still in operation; the section towards Falkenstein was shut down and dismantled in 1951.
In 1880 Karl Wilhelm Koch and Fritz te Kock founded Koch & te Kock as a weaving mill for Axminster carpets. In the same year, the company established a branch for carpet production in Oelsnitz and the surrounding area, including Adorf . With the establishment of the brand "Halbmond" was established. Due to the rapid development of carpet production in Oelsnitz, the place became a "carpet city" and developed into the largest production location in Germany. The company was awarded a gold medal at the International Building Exhibition in Leipzig in 1913 . Further awards at exhibitions and fairs in Chicago and Antwerp followed. The companies Koch & te Kock, Adoros and Tefzet were merged in 1953 to form VEB Halbmond . During the GDR era, all carpet weaving mills were combined to form the VEB Halbmondteppich in the VEB Kombinat DEKO Plauen. The company has been operating as Halbmond Teppichwerke GmbH since 1990 . The wool and linen processing, the curtain industry (VEB Plauener Gardine, parent company in the VEB Kombinat DEKO Plauen) and machine embroidery were also not insignificant. To a lesser, but not insignificant extent, cotton processing, the clothing industry , including corsetry , and other textile industries were also represented here. Textile machines were also manufactured in Oelsnitz.
Incorporations
The incorporation of Raschau and Voigtsberg already took place in 1919. Untermarxgrün was incorporated on April 1, 1949. On July 1, 1950, the previously independent communities of Görnitz, Lauterbach and Raasdorf were incorporated. Hartmannsgrün followed on January 1, 1957. The municipality of Oberhermsgrün with its district Unterhermsgrün was incorporated on January 1, 1994. On March 1, 1994, Planschwitz followed with Magwitz and Göswein.
Population development
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1834 to 1950
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1960 to 2001
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2002 to 2013
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Data basis from 1998: State Statistical Office Saxony 1 October 29th 2 August 31st from 1960: always on December 31st
politics
Oelsnitz / Vogtl. is fulfilling municipality of the administrative community Oelsnitz / Vogtl. She is a member and one of the initiators of the Czech-German microregion Friends in the heart of Europe .
City council
Since the city council election on May 26, 2019 , the 22 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:
- CDU : 7 seats
Group chairman: Marion Schröder
- Free citizenship in Oelsnitz: 6 seats
Group leader: Björn Fläschendräger
- AfD : 5 seats
Group leader: Ulrich Lupart MdL
- LEFT : 3 seats
Group leader: Waltraud Klarner
- SPD : 1 seat
coat of arms
Blazon : In gold, a black lion with a red tongue and armor , accompanied by three black balls. The oldest seals showing this picture date from the 15th century. The three balls are interpreted as riveting points .
Town twinning
Oelsnitz's twin cities are Rehau in Bavaria, Aš in the Czech Republic and Fiumefreddo di Sicilia in Italy.
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
After the GDR joined the Federal Republic of Germany in 1990, the "Johannisberg" industrial area was developed in 1991/1992 on 72 hectares in the north of Oelsnitz near the Plauen-Süd motorway junction. At the moment, nonwovens for vehicle interiors, lattice and sheet metal profile gratings, office furniture and - following tradition - corsetry are manufactured in Oelsnitz .
The most famous companies in the city are the Halbmond Carpets at the train station, once the VEB Halbmond. After an extensive investment program from 1994, Halbmond was bought by the British Allied Textile in 1996. In 2004, the company was converted into a manufacturer of high-quality contract carpets and the focus on carpet spray printing. The managing director Ralf Litzenberg and the authorized signatory Martin Scheel acquired the entire company shares in 2007; at the same time, the largest investment program since 1994 was decided. In 2008, the world's most modern Chromojet printing system went into operation at Halbmond. This technique of injection printing also allows small quantities to be produced economically at a high quality level. The result is hard-wearing contract carpets that are manufactured according to the individual requirements of the customer.
The largest employer in the region is the Gebr. Meiser company , which is based in the Johannisberg industrial area. In July 1994 the plant in Oelsnitz was completed and later expanded considerably. The company premises cover around 150,000 m² with a total of 30,000 m² of production and storage facilities. The production program includes gratings, which are manufactured on eleven production lines , as well as steel stair systems and tools.
education
- Oelsnitz has three primary schools: the Protestant primary school on Pestalozzistraße, the primary school on Karl-Marx-Platz and the primary school Am Stadion.
- A secondary school is located on Karl-Marx-Platz and is the largest secondary school in the Vogtland district outside of Plauen.
- A special school is located in the Voigtsberg district.
- The Julius Mosen Grammar School in Melanchthonstrasse is named after the author of the Andreas Hofer song .
- In the industrial area at Willy-Brandt-Ring you will find the vocational school center for technology and housekeeping Reichenbach, branch “Adam Friedrich Zürner” Oelsnitz.
Public facilities
- Voigtsberg Castle with Carpet Museum
- Katharinenkirche cultural center
- Multi-generation house Goldene Sonne with a center for children and young people
- Elstertal Stadium and Oelsnitzer Gymnasium
- Stadtbad Elstergarten
Cultural monuments
Attractions
Memorials
- A memorial in the rear left part of the Evangelical Cemetery commemorates Soviet prisoners of war and Soviet soldiers as well as 29 unknown forced laborers , all of whom were victims in World War II .
- At the birthplace of Georg Dittmar at Alte Reichenbacher Strasse 29, a memorial plaque commemorated the Communist opponent of Hitler who perished in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in 1945 .
gallery
The town hall on the market , built between 1861 and 1864 (height 42 m)
The Zoephelsche Haus, one of the oldest buildings, in the background the St. Jakobikirche
The Katharinenkirche (communication and cultural center)
The re-erected Persiluhr on Heppeplatz
View to Schöneck , the "balcony of the Vogtland"
View of Oelsnitz from the Vorwerk
New fountain on the market square
Oelsnitz station around 1910
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Personalities
literature
- Chronicle of the schools in Oelsnitz i. Vogtl. Gotze & Thenau. Oelsnitz i. Vogtl. 1902 ( digitized version )
- Johann Gottlieb Jahn : Documented chronicle of the city of Oelsnitz and the castle and office of Voigtsberg . Oelsnitz 1841 ( digitized version ).
- Richard Steche : Oelsnitz. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 10th booklet: Oelsnitz official administration . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1888, p. 12.
Web links
- Web presence of the large district town of Oelsnitz
- Oelsnitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ^ Walter Wenzel : Oberlausitzer Ortnamesbuch. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2008, p. 126
- ↑ City Church of St. Jakobi Oelsnitz (V.). Ev.-Luth. Church council Oelsnitz (V.), accessed on February 17, 2017 .
- ↑ Manfred Wilde : The sorcery and witch trials in Saxony. Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2003, p. 540 f.
- ↑ Manfred Wilde : The sorcery and witch trials in Saxony. Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2003, pp. 622–624.
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 74 f.
- ↑ The Oelsnitz District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
- ↑ "tabs-Wahlen-accordion"% 3A% 7B "3"% 3Atrue% 7D% 2C "previousOpen"% 3A% 7B "group"% 3A "tabs-Wahlen-accordion"% 2C "idx"% 3A3% 7D% 7D
- ^ Heinz Göschel (Ed.): Lexicon cities and coats of arms of the GDR . 2nd, revised edition. VEB Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig, 1984, license number 433-130 / 98/84, p. 333 (order number 577 559 8).
Adorf / Vogtl. | Auerbach / Vogtl. | Bad Brambach | Bad Elster | Mountains | Bösenbrunn | Eichigt | Ellefeld | Elsterberg | Falkenstein / Vogtl. | Grünbach | Heinsdorfergrund | Klingenthal | Lengenfeld | Limbach | Markneukirchen | Mill Valley | Hollow hammer | Netzschkau | Neuensalz | Neumark | Neustadt / Vogtl. | Oelsnitz / Vogtl. | Pausa-Mühltroff | Plauen | Pöhl | Reichenbach im Vogtland | Rodewisch | Rosenbach / Vogtl. | Schöneck / Vogtl. | Steinberg | Theuma | Tirpersdorf | Faithful | Triebel / Vogtl. | Weischlitz | Who's there
Dobenck | Eulenstein | Görnitz | Göswein | Hartmannsgrün | Lauterbach | Magwitz | New world | Oberhermsgrün | Oelsnitz / Vogtl. | Sweat | Raasdorf | Raschau | Rosenthal | Taltitz | Dance mill | Unterhermsgrün | Undermarx green | Voigtsberg