Netzschkau
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 37 ' N , 12 ° 15' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Vogtland district | |
| Management Community : | Netzschkau-Limbach | |
| Height : | 378 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 12.51 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 3854 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 308 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 08491 | |
| Area code : | 03765 | |
| License plate : | V, AE, OVL, PL, RC | |
| Community key : | 14 5 23 260 | |
| LOCODE : | DE NZK | |
| City structure: | Core city; 6 districts | |
City administration address : |
Markt 12 08491 Netzschkau |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Mike Pürfürst (Trade Association Netzschkau und Umgebung e.V.) | |
| Location of the city of Netzschkau in the Vogtland district | ||
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Netzschkau is a city in the Saxon Vogtlandkreis northeast of Plauen .
geography
location
Netzschkau is located in the north of the Saxon Vogtland district. The place is in the east of the natural area Vogtland in the Saxon part of the historical Vogtland . In the north, the Göltzsch forms the border with the Free State of Thuringia . The Kuhberg ( 510 m above sea level ) in the Brockau district is the highest point in the northern Vogtland.
City structure
Netzschkau includes the following districts and settlement areas:
- Brockau (with Dungersgrün, Eichmühle and Ziegelei)
- Foschenroda
- Lambzig
- Willowy
Neighboring communities
Bordering communities within the Vogtlandkreis are Limbach and the cities of Elsterberg and Reichenbach in Vogtland . The Thuringian district town of Greiz borders in the north .
history
The place was founded by Sorbs around the 9th century . It is one of the oldest settlements in the Vogtland. Netzschkau was not mentioned in a document until 1351. The place name is derived from the Slavic "necky", which means "trough".
Caspar von Metzsch , marshal at the Electoral Saxon court , built a residential palace around 1490 in place of the castle complex mentioned around 1462, the oldest part of which has been preserved to the present day. Under Caspar von Metzsch, the village of Netzschkau, which at that time consisted of 14 farms and two mills and had 110 inhabitants, was raised to the rank of town. Together with his brother Jobst they received from the German Emperor Friedrich III. on December 20, 1491 the document with the privilege of town rights, which the Saxon Elector Friedrich the Wise and his brother, the Saxon Duke Johann the Steadfast, confirmed. The von Metzsch family, who had their main residence in the neighboring Mylau Castle , sold Netzschkau Castle to Christoph von Reibold in 1578 . In 1616, Hans Ernst Bose acquired the property with the associated manor . Under his son Carol Bose (1596–1657) the palace was extensively redesigned and expanded. After the town charter remained unused for around 200 years for various reasons, Carl Gottfried Bose, a son of Carol Bose, acquired it from Elector Johann Georg III in 1687 . the reconfirmation of the town charter. As a result, a voluntary city council with two mayors became effective in the city.
Netzschkau originally belonged to the Mylau lordship , which came to the Electoral Saxon Office of Plauen in the 16th century . The manorial rule over the city was with the Netzschkau manor until the 19th century . The city of Netzschkau was until 1856 in the Electoral or Royal Saxon office of Plauen. In 1856 the city became part of the Reichenbach court office and in 1875 the administrative authority of Plauen .
In the middle of the 19th century, Netzschkau began to boom due to increasing industrialization. With the construction of the Göltzschtalbrücke (1846-1851) and the opening of the last section of the Leipzig – Hof railway line , the city received a train station on July 15, 1851. The construction of the Göltzschtalstrasse to Greiz (1911 to 1913) was also of great importance for the development of Netzschkau's industry. With the introduction of the mechanical loom, the textile industry grew rapidly. Due to the three town fires in 1850, 1887 and 1890 and the doubling of the population during this time, the townscape of Netzschkau changed enormously. In the area of the market, modern, large buildings of brick construction were built. Whole streets and districts were rebuilt, u. a. on "Elsterberger Straße", the "Dichterviertel" or Dungersgrün in the west of the city on Brockauer Flur. In addition to traders and traders, industrial companies in the textile and metal industry settled in Netzschkau, which made the city one of the most important industrial cities in the Vogtland region by 1914. After the death of Countess Frieda von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau (1864-1943), whose father-in-law had bought Netzschkau Castle in 1858 and laid out an English-style castle park, the city of Netzschkau acquired the castle and park in 1944.
As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , the city of Netzschkau became part of Reichenbach in the Chemnitz district (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Saxon district of Reichenbach from 1990 and became part of the Vogtland district in 1996. During the GDR era, the “Vogtlandstoffe” textile company and the “NEMA Netzschkau” metal company were well-known companies. Foschenroda was incorporated in 1974, Lambzig in 1992 and Brockau in 1999.
Population development
Development of the population (from 1960 December 31) :
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1687 to 1910
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1933 to 2001
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2003 to 2012
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from 2013
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- Data source from 1998: State Statistical Office Saxony
1 Territory as of January 1, 1999
Incorporations
| Former parish | date |
|---|---|
| Brockau with Dungersgrün, Eichmühle and brickworks | January 1, 1999 |
| Foschenroda | 1st January 1974 |
| Lambzig | April 1, 1992 |
politics
City council
Since the municipal council election on May 26, 2019 , the 16 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:
GWVN = Gewerbeverein Netzschkau und Umgebung e. V.
mayor
In February 2013, Mike Pürfürst (independent) was elected to succeed Werner Müller (SPD) in the first ballot. On March 8, 2020, he was confirmed in office with 96.6% of the valid votes and a voter turnout of 37.9%.
coat of arms
Blazon : “In silver on a green lawn, a gardener in blue work clothes, tying a freshly planted linden tree; in the right upper corner a hand protruding from the clouds, pouring water from a jug onto the tree. ”In some representations, the coat of arms is surrounded by a banner, the content of which explains the coat of arms:“ By God's rich blessing and my superiors care ”.
Town twinning
- Rosbach vor der Höhe am Taunus in the Hessian Wetteraukreis (since 1990)
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The Göltzschtalbrücke on the outskirts of Netzschkau is the largest brick bridge in the world. It was built between 1846 and 1851 and is a listed building .
- The listed Netzschkau Castle , one of the oldest late Gothic castles in Saxony, is hidden in the city center under tall trees. The residential palace was built around 1490.
- The Bismarck Tower, built in 1900 on the Kuhberg southwest of Netzschkau, is a 21 m high, listed observation tower and a popular excursion destination.
- The town hall was built in 1855 and an extension was added in 1912.
Bismarck tower, behind it the radio tower
town hall
Churches
Castle Church
Not far from the castle is the castle church of the Evangelical Lutheran parish. The church, built in the classicism style, was the successor to a chapel that was located in the palace area until it fell into disrepair. One of the few art treasures from that chapel that could be saved was a predella , which depicts Jesus' last supper. This alabaster sculpture in half-relief was modeled by the Schneeberg sculptor Böhm on the Cranach altar in the local St. Wolfgang church and is similar to the model right down to the facial features.
In 1629 Carol Bose had the first church built next to the castle. This was closed in 1814 due to dilapidation, so that the services were celebrated in the castle hall for several years. On April 30, 1838, the foundation stone was finally laid for the new castle church, which was consecrated in 1840. In 1892, two side towers were added to the gallery and the church was renovated inside and out. In 1908 the church received a new organ and stained glass windows. In 1911 two large figures depicting the apostles Peter and Paul are placed in the chancel. During the church struggle in 1935, “ German Christians ” and “ Confessing Church ” faced each other, the castle church was closed to the “Confessing Church”. Countess Frida von Schönburg-Glauchau, who lived in the castle at the time, was on the side of the "Confessing Church" and during this time enabled services in the castle courtyard under an oak cross, which is now on the east side of the church. At the 100th Kirchweih festival in 1940, Superintendent Ficker from Dresden said in his sermon: “Whoever fights against the church of Christ has to do with the living God himself.” In 1955/56, a modern gas air heater was installed by the Netzschkauer machine factory “NEMA” and the Church interior renovated in this context. In 1971/71 the tower dome was given a new copper roof, the tower and nave were given new exterior plaster. At the 350th anniversary of the city of Netzschkau, Church President i. R. Martin Niemöller , who was connected to the congregation during the church battle. In 1981 the new organ was consecrated with the help of cathedral organist Metz from Zwickau. In the year 2000 the bells could be completely renovated so that from now on all four bells made of sound steel can be operated by electric bells. Work on the general renovation of the church has been going on since 2010. In 2010 the outer shell of the tower was renewed based on the historical model, and in the same year the renovation of the church roof began, which will be covered in copper in the future and the historical dormers will be restored.
Catholic Church
On Mylauer Straße, not far from the city center, is the Catholic parish vicaria “St. Joseph ".
Apostolic Church
Netzschkau has a special meaning for the apostolic churches . On the Mylauer Berg is the so-called Tränenkirche (no longer in use today) of the New Apostolic Church to which around 1900 members of the Netzschkau population (around 10% of the population) belonged. Around 1921 there was a split in the congregation and the Reformed Apostolic Congregation Association was created, which today maintains its largest church building, "Am Birkenwäldchen" .
Other churches
The Evangelical Methodist Church, consecrated in 1899, is located on Plauener Straße. Another church community is the regional church community.
Memorials
A plaque in the auditorium of high school recalls the Netzschkauer teacher Felix Mauersberger , who after a successful escape from the central warehouse in Lengenfeld the Flossenburg concentration camp died on 8 May 1945 to his sustained abuse. The school still bears his name in his honor. A memorial in the park in front of the castle church was consecrated on November 14, 2011 and is intended to remind future generations of the victims of war and tyranny and Netzschkau's daughters and sons.
Museums
- Vogtland Mining Museum (mining history of the region)
- Ketzels Mühle (mill history and information about the miller's trade)
- Netzschkau Castle Museum (castle history, special exhibitions)
Economy and Infrastructure
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economy
During the GDR era, VEB Nema Netzschkau was located in the city ; it was founded in 1889 as the “Hofmann und Stark” mechanical engineering workshop and from 1899 on was named “Netzschkauer Maschinenfabrik Franz Stark & Söhne”. After the reunification, the parts of the company were sold and finally liquidated. The Lithodecor division of DAW SE is based in Netzschkau .
traffic
Netzschkau has had a stop on the Leipzig – Hof railway line since 1851 . The former federal highway 173 runs through the village .
View from the captive balloon
Personalities
literature
- Richard Steche : Netzschkau. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 11th booklet: Amtshauptmannschaft Plauen . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1888, p. 39.
- Straub, Oliver: The history of fire protection in Netzschkau. City of Netzschkau. 2013.
- Naumann, Falk: 325 years of Netzschkau town charter. City administration Netzschkau. 2012.
Web links
- Official website of the city of Netzschkau
- Netzschkau in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Literature about Netzschkau in the Saxon Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ Schloss Netzschkau at www.sachsens-schloesser.de
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 76 f.
- ^ The Plauen District Administration in the municipality register 1900
- ^ Weidig on the website of the city of Netzschkau
- ^ History of the company NEMA Netzschkau
- ↑ State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony: Results of the 2019 municipal council elections - Netzschkau , accessed on April 7, 2020
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 7, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony: Results of the mayoral elections 2020 - Netzschkau , accessed on April 7, 2020
- ^ Page of the city of Netzschkau, where the coat of arms appears with a banner in the intro. Retrieved May 26, 2011 .
- ↑ Bismarck Tower Netzschkau on bismarcktuerme.de
- ↑ Company history as PDF , accessed on June 19, 2017
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Brockau | Dung green | Eichmühle | Foschenroda | Lambzig | Netzschkau | Willowy | Brick factory