Netzschkau Castle
The Netzschkau Castle is around 1490 built unpaved residential palace in the city Netzschkau in Saxon Vogtland .
The outside completely restored, rectangular long building with a round tower and a rectangular tower in front is located near the market opposite the church. The facade of the building is characterized by the color contrast of lime white and strong red. The late Gothic style staggered gables and the arched curtain windows are also striking .
Several ornate sandstone door frames in the interior date from the time the castle was built. Some of the reconstructions of the castle that have been preserved date from later eras. Most of the interiors are originally furnished, including a 4.10 m high tiled stove from 1627 and a rare coat of arms . The oldest forms of German stamp stucco ( friezes and ornaments ) can be found on the ceilings of some of the interior rooms . Historical treasures such as a gilded wooden coffered ceiling and various possessions of the last countess are also important.
history
The Netzschkauer Castle is one of the first castles in Saxony . The era of residential castles began at the end of the 15th century - at this time the nobility began to replace the defense-oriented castles with open representative buildings with spacious halls .
The builder of the Netzschkau Castle was Caspar von Metzsch . He had great influence at the Saxon court, which promoted the financing and implementation of his building project. Presumably he could fall back on pupils of Arnold von Westfalen , builder of the Albrechtsburg Meißen, for the construction. The long house with round and square tower was built around 1490 in a construction phase lasting around three years. However, the Metzsch family did not build for themselves; their main residence remained the neighboring castle Mylau . She sold Netzschkau Castle to Christoph von Reibold in 1578 .
After a brief interlude of the Reibolds in the castle, Hans Ernst Bose acquired the property and the associated manor in 1616 . His son Carol Bose (1596–1657) determined the further design of the castle. At a young age he fought for the French king and received numerous awards. On returning from the war, Carol Bose met his first wife. He inherited the rule in 1626 and was not satisfied with the design of the castle. As a result, the castle was renovated, modernized and expanded. Among other things, numerous stucco decorations were attached to the wooden ceilings of the castle, which had fallen out of fashion . Two more wings (north and east) were built within a short time . The then horseshoe-shaped building complex also received a chapel . At first it was only intended for the castle owners. The inhabitants of the 200-strong village still had to climb the mountain to the neighboring village of Mylau to attend church services .
It was probably thanks to Bose's power and political skill that his property in Netzschkau was not looted and pillaged during the Thirty Years War . Bose died in 1657 and was buried in the St. Marien Church in Zwickau . After him, his son Carl Gottfried inherited the castle without making any major changes.
After the von Bose family , the castle housed some intermediate residents before it was acquired by Count Heinrich von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau (1794–1881) in November 1858 . In the second half of the 19th century, he laid out a 4-hectare palace park in the English style. Heinrich lived in Netzschkau with his wife Marie Clementine (1789–1863) for a time and enjoyed the rural seclusion here. After her death in 1863, Marie Clementine was buried in Glauchau and around 1867 an epitaph was placed in her memory in the Hinterglauchau castle chapel “St. Marien ”built in.
After the death of Heinrich's daughter-in-law, Countess Frida von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau (1864–1943), the city of Netzschkau acquired the castle and park in 1944. The purchase price was 100,000 Reichsmarks. Even at the time of the last countess, who mainly lived at Gusow Castle in the Brandenburg region , Netzschkau Castle was in a desolate state and was falling into disrepair. In 1947 the ceiling of the concert hall collapsed. Most of the valuable stucco work was affected. Six years later, the north and east wings built by Bose had to be demolished due to acute dilapidation. The castle chapel no longer existed since 1725.
Since 1964, the “Schlossbauaktiv”, the working group of the Kulturbund , has carried out urgent security and repair work on a voluntary basis and independently.
In the 1970s the manor and in 1988 the “Schweizerhaus” fell victim to demolition. The park pond also had to give way to a playground . Only the part of the castle that Metzsch had built around 1492 remained. All external extensions now only exist in photos and images.
In 1990 subsidies were approved that made a comprehensive structural and external renovation possible from 1991 to 1995.
As a result, excavations took place in 1999, the results of which can be viewed in the castle's permanent exhibition. In the late 1990s, the renovation of the castle began.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the city of Netzschkau considered selling the castle property to an investor who was considering building a new hotel on the site while preserving the castle. The corresponding plans were discontinued until further notice after considerable public protests at the end of 2005.
History of a painting in the castle
In the exhibitions at Netzschkau Castle (2018) there is a large painting of Fürstenstein Castle in what is now the Polish town of Waldenburg in Silesia . This painting was most likely originally at Rohnstock Castle in Poland, which was owned by the Hochberg-Rohnstock branch line of the Counts of Hochberg and Prince of Pless . The oldest painting by Schloss Hinterglauchau (dated around 1470) can still be found at Rohnstock Castle . At Quolsdorf Castle in Upper Lusatia, Count Heinrich von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau (1794–1881) was born on September 14, 1794 as the son of Count Ludwig von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau (1762–1842) and Countess Ferdinande Henriette von Hochberg-Rohnstock (1767–1836 ) born and baptized with the full name Heinrich Gottlob Otto Ernst. Through this marriage, the painting of Schloss Hinterglauchau apparently ended up in Schloss Rohnstock and the painting of Schloss Fürstenstein probably from Schloss Rohnstock into Schloss Netzschkau, which Heinrich Gottlob Otto Ernst von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau bought together with his wife Marie Clementine in November 1858.
Todays use
The Förderverein Schloss Netzschkau eV, founded in 1998, takes care of the use of the castle in accordance with the preservation of historical monuments . The so-called castle café with its vault, the magnificent concert hall and the rustic fencing floor are used for events. The association organizes special exhibitions as well as concerts, slide lectures, readings and dance workshops. Four to five special exhibitions are held every year. Supra-regionally perceived u. a. the Kurt Geipel or the Fredo Bley exhibition. The historic ambience of the wedding room is also used by wedding parties. The annual Netzschkau Christmas market has moved to Schlossplatz.
The castle and the permanent exhibition in the castle can be visited on weekends and public holidays from April to October.
There has been a cooperation between the friends' association and the Netzschkauer Schule for several years. In this context, the “Living Museum” course was launched, in which the students are brought closer to life in earlier times, an understanding of the past and the protection of monuments. In addition to this educational offer, there are treasure hunts and themed events for children.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Robby Joachim Götze : The epitaph of Marie Clementine von Schönburg - an example of neo-classicist tomb art by Hugo Hagen . In: Series of publications, issue 11, Museum and Art Collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, Glauchau, 1999, Family Schönburg-Hinterglauchau at Schloss Netzschkau: p. 31
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 3, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Publisher: Museum and Art Collection Schloß Hinterglauchau: Series of publications Heft 1, Stadt Glauchau, 1979, Figure 1, p. 13: Castle Hinterglauchau around 1470 (original oil painting - on leather - in Castle Rohnstock in Silesia)
- ↑ The epitaph of Marie Clementine von Schönburg - an example of neo-Classicist tomb art by Hugo Hagen (epitaph in the castle chapel, Robby Joachim Götze, pp. 30–36). In: Series of publications Heft 11, Museum and Art Collection Schloss Hinterglauchau, Glauchau, 1999, on the mother of Count Heinrich Gottlob Otto Ernst von Schönburg-Hinterglauchau (1794–1884) p. 30, on the purchase of Schloss Netzschkau by Heinrich p. 31
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Bibliography in the Wildenfels Castle Archives
- Official website of the Friends of Netzschkau Castle
- Netzschkau Castle at www.sachsens-schloesser.de
Coordinates: 50 ° 36 '53.2 " N , 12 ° 14' 54.4" E