Mylau
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Mylau
City of Reichenbach in Vogtland
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| Height : | 305 m | |
| Area : | 4.73 km² | |
| Residents : | 2585 (Dec. 31, 2014) | |
| Population density : | 547 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2016 | |
| Postal code : | 08499 | |
| Area code : | 03765 | |
Location of Mylau in Saxony |
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The former town of Mylau has been part of the large district town of Reichenbach in the Vogtland of the Vogtlandkreis in the Free State of Saxony since January 1, 2016 .
geography
location
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Mylau extends over altitudes between 290 and 370 m above sea level. NN. in the valleys of the Göltzsch and the Raumbach coming from the direction of Reichenbach . The latter is mainly known by the population under the name Seifenbach , because in the 19th century textile dyeing works were located along the course of the stream in Heinsdorfergrund and Reichenbach. The place is in the east of the natural area Vogtland in the Saxon part of the historical Vogtland . In the far north-west the town hall borders on the Thuringian Vogtland.
Neighboring places
| Waltersdorf , Weidig | Obermylau | |
| Netzschkau |
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Reichenbach |
| Lambzig | Lambzig | Rotschau |
history
At the beginning of the 12th century, the name "milin" referred to a northern Vogtland region. Mylau Castle, built on a mountain spur, was probably built around 1180 as part of the German colonization under Emperor Barbarossa as a seat of power in the Göltzsch valley. It ensured the development of the surrounding area, which was previously sparsely populated by Slavs , and was mainly carried out by Frankish settlers. The lords of Milin seated at the castle were first mentioned in 1214. Around 1271 "Milin" referred to the course of the Milinbach (today known as Raumbach ) and around 1323 the center of the Mylau rule called Castrum (castle) . In the 15th century the name was also used for the village of Obermylau , attested in 1431, and for the town of (Nieder-) Mylau at the foot of the castle in 1454. In 1367, as a result of the Vogtland War, Emperor Karl IV forced the castle to be sold to the Bohemian crown. During a visit to the castle, he also granted the Mylau settlement below, which was built in the 13th century, town rights in 1367 . He set up a royal Bohemian office at the castle, which, in addition to Mylau, also included the cities of Reichenbach , Netzschkau and Lengenfeld and the surrounding villages. In 1422, Karl's son Sigismund pledged Mylau Castle as thanks to the Electors of Saxony for the services rendered in the Hussite Wars . In 1482, the rule of Mylau came under the Treaty of Brüx to Electoral Saxony. With the exception of the years between 1547 and 1569 (Burggräfliches Vogtland), Mylau Castle remained in Saxony.
The manorial rule over the small town of Mylau was until the middle of the 19th century with the manor Mylau , to which the Vorwerk Obermylau belonged. After Carol Bose had received patrimonial jurisdiction over Mylau in 1636 , the previously insignificant place developed into a weaving town. The city grew from 24 houses in 1650 to 92 in 1699 and 163 in 1748. Since 1654 there was a weaving guild in the village. The settlement of hand-weaving mills in the 19th century was the prerequisite for the not inconsiderable development of the textile industry . In 1849 Mylau had 72% of the population, the highest proportion of hand weavers in relation to the total population of all towns in the Vogtland. After the castle of Mylau was given up as a noble residence in 1772, it came into civil possession. From 1808 to 1828 the spinning mill owner Christian Gotthelf Brückner operated the first factory in the northern Vogtland there. After years of vacancy, the construction of the calico and wool printing works was located in the castle from 1868 to 1894, for which purpose it was rebuilt several times. The installation of the first mechanical loom in 1863 signified an enormous boom in the Mylau textile industry. In 1889, 1734 looms were in operation in the town.
Like Obermylau, Mylau originally belonged to the Mylau rule , which came to the Electoral Saxon Office of Plauen in the 16th century . Until 1856, the city was under the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Plauen. In 1856 it was affiliated to the Reichenbach court office and in 1875 to the Plauen administration .
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After the city fire of 1855, Mylau was given a market square, in 1889 a city park and in 1895 an outdoor swimming pool. Since there was little opportunity for industrial companies to settle in the small town hall, the town of Mylau acquired the Mylau manor with the Mylau Castle and the associated lands of 332 hectares in 1892. In 1894, a hydropower plant for energy generation was built on their properties in the Göltzschtal south of the city at the Schotenmühle near Schneidbach . It was in operation until 1976. Although with the opening of the Göltzschtalbrücke (built between 1846 and 1851), rail tracks had crossed Mylauer Flur since the middle of the 19th century, the city only received a railway connection towards Reichenbach with the opening of the Reichenbach – Göltzschtalbrücke in 1895, and from 1905 also across the Lengenfeld – Göltzschtalbrücke railway line to Lengenfeld . Parts of Mylauer Burg have been used as a museum since 1893 and as the town hall since 1895/96.
As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , the town of Mylau became part of Reichenbach in the Chemnitz district in 1952 (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Saxon district of Reichenbach from 1990 and became part of the Vogtland district in 1996. In 1995, the town hall of Mylau moved from the castle to the town house. On January 1, 1996, was carried incorporation of Obermylau in the city Mylau. As a result of the merger of the cities of Mylau and Reichenbach in Vogtland to form the new city of Reichenbach in Vogtland , Mylau and Obermylau have been districts of the large district town of Reichenbach in Vogtland since January 1, 2016.
- Development of the population (from 1960 December 31st)
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- Data source from 1998: State Statistical Office Saxony
politics
In the last city council since the municipal council election on May 25, 2014 of the then city of Mylau, the 14 seats were distributed among the individual groups as follows (in brackets the percentage of votes in the election):
- Citizens' Initiative Mylau eV (BIM): 5 seats (33.0%)
- CDU : 3 seats (21.0%)
- Gewerbeverein Mylau eV (GVM): 3 seats (19.0%)
- LEFT : 2 seats (12.6%)
- Interest group fire brigade Mylau (IV FFW): 1 seat (8.8%)
The last mayor was Christoph Schneider (CDU).
City association
Mylau together with the cities of Greiz, Reichenbach, Elsterberg and Netzschkau formed the “Northeastern Vogtland” association. Its aim is to promote intermunicipal cooperation in the West Saxony / East Thuringia area in the areas of economic development, transport links, settlement structure, nature, landscape, culture, education and tourism.
Twin cities
Mylau had a partnership with four cities.
- Waldenbuch in Baden-Württemberg (since 1990)
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Althen-des-Paluds in France (since 2006) -
Montecarlo (Tuscany) in Italy (since 2006) -
Karlštejn in the Czech Republic (since 2006)
A special feature of the partnerships with Althen-des-Paluds, Montecarlo and Karlštejn is that all four cities are mutually linked by partnership agreements.
After the merger with Reichenbach in Vogtland , the town partnerships will be continued. The town twinning association Mylau eV is primarily responsible for the support
Culture and sights
- The castle Mylau was never destroyed at the mouth of the creek area in the Göltzsch.
- The town church of St. Wenceslas , built in 1890, has an organ by Gottfried Silbermann (1730/31).
- Below Mylaus, the world's largest brick bridge, the Göltzschtalbrücke , has spanned the Göltzsch valley since 1851 . The railway bridge, together with the Elstertal bridge approx. 12 km away, is a landmark of the Vogtland and is considered a historical landmark of engineering in Germany .
Inner courtyard of Mylau Castle
City Church (rear view)
Göltzschtalbrücke
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Sports
The turning point of the Göltzschtal marathon that takes place in October is on the outskirts of Mylau . In Germany, this is the second oldest of all marathons that have been held since it was founded and the oldest in the former GDR .
Memorials
- Grave site and memorial plaque in the cemetery for four unknown concentration camp prisoners who were thrown dead from a transport train during the evacuation of a concentration camp in January 1945
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
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The federal highway 173 leads through Mylau .
In 1895 the city received a railway connection to Reichenbach through the Reichenbach – Göltzschtalbrücke railway line with the Mylau station . The Göltzschtalbrücke station , which opened as the Mylau stop , was only partially on the Mylauer Flur. In 1905 the Lengenfeld – Göltzschtalbrücke railway line opened , at which the Mylau Hp stop was built. The Mylau Anker and Mylau Bad stops continued to exist between 1935 and 1945 . After the cessation of travel in 1957, the routes known as "Mylische Berta" were finally abandoned in 1970 and dismantled a little later. The nearest train stations today are Reichenbach (Vogtl) upper station and Netzschkau on the Leipzig – Hof railway line .
education
- Mylau primary school
- Futurum Vogtland - Evangelisches Gymnasium Mylau
sons and daughters of the town
- Christian Gotthelf Brückner (1769–1834), spinning mill owner, merchant and banker
- Robert Georgi (1802–1869), entrepreneur and politician, President of the First Chamber of the Saxon State Parliament, Minister of Finance
- Otto Georgi (1831–1918), lawyer, first mayor of Leipzig and member of the Reichstag
- Arthur Georgi (1843–1900), entrepreneur and politician, MdL
- Robert Merkel (1850–1916), manufacturer, member of the Reichstag and Landtag
- Carl August Brückner (1872–1949), founder of the Reformed Apostolic Congregation Association
- Erwin Hartsch (1890–1948), member of the Reichstag (SPD) and Minister for Public Education in Saxony
- Franz Findeisen (1892–1962), professor at the Leipzig Graduate School of Management
- Georg Bretschneider (1901–1995), lawyer, Vice President of the Federal Audit Office
- Gerhard Weber (1909–1986), architect and university professor
- Manfred Schreiterer (1925–2008), diplomat
- Fredo Bley (1929–2010), painter and graphic artist
- Eberhard Zeitler (1930–2011), radiologist, pioneer of cardiac catheter examinations
- Christian Döschner (* 1936), Professor of Automation at the Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg
- Helga Steudel (* 1939), racing driver
- Denise Roth (* 1988), speed skater, Olympic participant
Honorary citizen
- 2010: Adolf Förster (* 1919), ice skating coach
- 2010: Josef Wetzl (1930–2016), painter and graphic artist
- 2013: Gotthold Lange (* 1932), evang.-luth. Pastor i. R.
The honorary citizens of Mylaus have been treated as honorary citizens of the city of Reichenbach in the Vogtland since 2016 as part of the city merger with Reichenbach in Vogtland .
View from the captive balloon
literature
- Richard Steche : Mylau. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 11th booklet: Amtshauptmannschaft Plauen . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1888, p. 31.
Web links
- City information Mylau
- Evangelical Community School Mylau
- Mylau in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Literature about Mylau in the Saxon Bibliography
- Mylau in a book about the city of Reichenbach in Vogtland, pp. 45–82
- Mylau on the website of the city of Reichenbach
Individual evidence
- ^ Book about Reichenbach, Mylau and Netzschkau, p. 47
- ↑ Mylau Castle at www.sachsens-schloesser.de
- ↑ The Vorwerk Obermylau on www.sachsens-schloesser.de
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 76 f.
- ^ The Plauen District Administration in the municipality register 1900
- ↑ The Schotenmühle power plant on a private website by Dieter Käppel ( Memento of the original from August 1, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Schotenmühle power plant on the website of the Mühlwand alum plant
- ↑ Obermylau on gov.genealogy.net
- ↑ Approval of the association of the towns of Reichenbach in Vogtland and Mylau to form the new town of Reichenbach in Vogtland from November 30, 2015 , accessed on January 1, 2016
- ^ StBA: Area changes in 2016
- ↑ www.mylau.de ( Memento of the original from August 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Citizen info - twin cities
- ↑ Petra Steps: Gotthold Lange is the new honorary citizen of Mylau. In: Free Press. 17th December 2013.
Brunn | Cunsdorf | Friezes | Mylau | Obermylau | Oberreichenbach | Reichenbach im Vogtland | Rotschau | Cutting Bach