Grating
A grating is a self-supporting, resilient (e.g. walkable or drivable) plate-shaped construction with many through openings. Gratings are used as covers for stages, catwalks, stairs, platforms, steps and other openings. As a rule, they consist of supporting bars, cross bars and edging. A distinction is made between press-weld, press-fit, push-through and plug-in gratings and can also be made of wood.
The grating usually consists of flat profiles that cross each other at right angles and are made of hot-dip galvanized steel , which are welded or pressed together. The higher load bearing bars determine the direction of load transfer of the grating. The supporting bars are connected by the smaller cross bars. To stabilize the grating, steel profiles that are also hot-dip galvanized are welded to the edges .
When laying gratings on their substructure, the direction of the bearing bars (from support to support) must be observed. In order to avoid installation errors, square grating dimensions should be avoided if there are no four-sided supports. The laid gratings are secured with at least four screw connections in order to prevent the grating from lifting in any conceivable position of the traffic load.
In recent times, gratings are also made of stainless steel , aluminum , glass fiber reinforced plastic and, in exceptional cases , brass . They are primarily used in steel industrial buildings , such as power plants and chemical industry plants to subdivide and structure the floors . The steps of the stairs between the floors are also made of gratings.
Outside, especially in regions with extreme climatic conditions, gratings are often used as structural elements in buildings because rain and snow fall through them. This saves time-consuming drainage and snow clearing. Because of this property, gratings are also used for the platforms of transmission towers .
In the living area , gratings are used to cover the light shafts of cellar windows . This allows daylight and air to get into the rooms below.
Gratings are also increasingly used as railings, facade or shading elements and other applications in architecture.
In industry , gratings are also called light grids or light grids . The names go back to the Lichtgitter-Gesellschaft , which was the first to produce gratings on an industrial scale from 1929 .
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Footnotes
- ↑ All-rounder grate - the doormat is good for more. Retrieved May 4, 2020 .