Rehau

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Rehau
Rehau
Map of Germany, location of the city of Rehau highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 15 '  N , 12 ° 2'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : court
Height : 528 m above sea level NHN
Area : 80.33 km 2
Residents: 9398 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 117 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 95111
Primaries : 09283, 09294Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : HO , MÜB , NAI, REH , SAN
Community key : 09 4 75 162
LOCODE : DE RHU
City structure: 29 parts of the community

City administration address : 		Martin-Luther-Str. 1
95111 Rehau
Website : www.stadt-rehau.de
Mayor : Michael Abraham ( CSU )
Location of the town of Rehau in the Hof district
Schwarzenbach an der Saale Zell im Fichtelgebirge Weißdorf Trogen (Oberfranken) Töpen Stammbach Sparneck Selbitz (Oberfranken) Schwarzenbach am Wald Schauenstein Rehau Regnitzlosau Oberkotzau Naila Münchberg Lichtenberg (Oberfranken) Konradsreuth Köditz Issigau Helmbrechts Geroldsgrün Gattendorf (Oberfranken) Feilitzsch Döhlau Berg (Oberfranken) Bad Steben Landkreis Kronach Hof (Saale) Landkreis Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Bayreuth Martinlamitzer Forst-Nord Geroldsgrüner Forst Gerlaser Forst Forst Schwarzenbach a.Wald Sachsen Thüringen Tschechienmap
About this picture

Rehau is a town in the Upper Franconian district of Hof in Bavaria, near the border triangle of Bavaria-Saxony-Bohemia. It is located 15 kilometers southeast of Hof (Saale) on the Bavarian Porcelain Route and belongs to the Bavarian Vogtland . Rehau is designated as a medium-sized center in the Bavarian state development program .

geography

Geographical location

View from the Großer Kornberg to Rehau
Town hall and museum
Perlenbach

Embedded in the hilly foothills of the northern Fichtelgebirge , the city is located at the foot of the Großer Kornberg ( 827  m above sea level ) in the northeast of Upper Franconia . The distance to the border of the Czech Republic is three kilometers and to the Free State of Saxony nine kilometers.

The Perlenbach and Höllbach , which unite in the urban area to form Schwesnitz , flow through Rehau .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are clockwise, starting in the north: Regnitzlosau , Hranice u Aše (Roßbach) , Krásná (Schönbach b. Asch) , Aš (Asch) , Selb , Schönwald , Schwarzenbach an der Saale , Oberkotzau and Döhlau .

City structure

Rehau consists of the following 29 municipal parts:

history

Name development

Despite the speaking coat of arms from 1427, the name Rehau has nothing to do with either a deer or a meadow . Rehau appeared for the first time in 1234 as "Resawe", which is likely to go back to the Slavic word rezawe , which denotes a section of forest or clearing of a forest . In the course of time the s disappeared and the name was changed to Reh-Au (a W was often written as U at that time). The spelling Rehaw is still used on a bronze grave plaque of the first Rehau pastor Behr from 1497 .

history

Plan of Rehau before the town fire of 1817, south
Rehau after the reconstruction from 1824, south
Rehau, postcard around 1900
Wallstrasse

Rehau was first mentioned in 1234 as "Resawe" and in 1427 received city ​​rights . Even before the uprising the city was one the Holy Jobst consecrated chapel , which the mother church in Schwarzenbach an der Saale shelter. The first fortified residence was the Rehau castle stable . On May 22nd, 1470 the town council of Rehau successfully applied for a parish to be founded . From 1500 Rehau was part of the Franconian Empire . Due to the fact that it belongs to the Principality of Kulmbach (Principality of Bayreuth since 1604), which was co-ruled by Margrave Georg Ansbach from 1527 to 1541 , the Reformation and the Lutheran Confession were introduced in Rehau . The main Protestant church built on the site of the old chapel still bears the name of the parish church of St. Jobst. It is the oldest building in the city. The church tower was raised in 1607 and provided with a memorial stone bearing this year. This is the oldest inscription in Rehau.

In 1622 there was a tipper mint in Rehau . In 1647 the first field-based potato cultivation in Germany took place in the Pilgramsreuth district , at that time still an independent village , two years before the first cultivation in Prussia .

In 1791 Rehau came to Prussia with the Margraviate Bayreuth . From 1806 the city was under French administration for four years. On June 30, 1810, the French army handed the former principality over to Bavaria, which had now become a kingdom and bought it from Napoleon Bonaparte for 15 million francs .

Typical for the Rehau reconstruction in the 19th century are the classicist portals made of local granite

In 1512, 1763 and 1817 devastating fires devastated almost the entire city. The chessboard-like reconstruction after the fire of 1817, in which 168 houses with outbuildings, 300 barns as well as the harvest just brought in, the rectory , the brewery , the town hall , the regional court , the hammer mill and the church burned down, was carried out under the direction of Johann Wilhelm Baumann and lasted until 1824. This reconstruction is an example of classicist town planning and should serve as a model for all other Bavarian cities that had been destroyed by such disasters ("Model City Rehau").

In the spring of 1945, the second death march from Helmbrechts led through what is now Rehau's urban area. 1175 female prisoners were evacuated from the Helmbrechts satellite camp and were to be brought to Wallern in Bohemia via Franzensbad . Between 200 and 500 women died from exhaustion or were murdered on the way (see also Langer Gang Memorial ). Four of these concentration camp victims are buried in a collective grave at the municipal cemetery in Rehau.

Between July 1946 and the spring of 1948 there was a camp for Jewish Displaced Persons (DP) in Rehau , which housed 250 survivors of the Nazi persecution of Jews in 1946 and 87 in 1947.

Until 1972 Rehau was the district town of the district of the same name . The city's modern town hall housed the district office until the district reform. As part of the regional reform in 1978, the municipality was expanded to include five formerly independent municipalities.

In the summer of 2002, the federal camp of the Association of Christian Scouts and Boy Scouts (VCP) took place in front of the city under the motto Jurtown - It's Yourtown . Around 4100 children and young people between the ages of 10 and 18 from all over Germany as well as many international guests from Thailand, Finland, Israel, etc. took part in the camp.

On April 1st, 2007 Michael Abraham took over the office of First Mayor of Rehau.

Incorporations

On May 1, 1978 the former communities of Faßmannsreuth , Fohrenreuth, Neuhausen, Pilgramsreuth and Wurlitz as well as the district of Kühschwitz of the former community of Kautendorf were incorporated into the town of Rehau.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population fell from 9,880 to 9,424 by 456 or 4.6%. On December 31, 1993, the city had 10,593 inhabitants.

year Residents
1960 11,689
1970 12,268
1980 10,760
1990 10,322
1995 10,526
2000 10.301
year Residents
2005 9,930
2007 9,815
2008 9,631
2009 9,476
2010 9,427
2011 9.412
year Residents
2012 9,374
2013 9,364
2014 9,303
2015 9,335
2016 9,352
2017 9,445
year Residents
2018 9.424
2019 9,444

Source: Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing until 2000, from 2002, afterwards City of Rehau.

politics

Michael Abraham (1st Mayor)

City council

The city council has 20 members (electoral period 2020/26):

  • CSU 9 seats
  • SPD 4 seats
  • Free Independent Electorate (FUWR) 4 seats
  • Alternative for Germany (AfD) 2 seats
  • Non-attached 1 seat

mayor

Michael Abraham (CSU) has been the full-time First Mayor since 2007. His predecessor was Edgar Pöpel (CSU).

Sponsorship / town twinning

  • In 1954, together with the city of Selb, they sponsored the expelled Sudeten Germans from the neighboring city of Asch .
  • Since 1963 there has been a friendship with Bourgoin-Jallieu in France in the Isère department (between Lyon and Grenoble). The starting point for this was the so-called French graves of two Napoleonic soldiers from 1813 in the Rehau Forest. When Napoleon's army withdrew, they were left behind; farmers in the Rehau district of Faßmannsreuth took care of them. After death they were buried in the forest. Since then, the graves have always been tended by the population over the ages. When a French group of visitors became aware of this, their report met with a great response in France and the foundation stone for the friendship between Rehau and Bourgoin-Jallieu was laid. This was one of the first partnerships between Germany and France after World War II.
  • Since 1990 there has been a town partnership with the town of Oelsnitz in Vogtland.
  • Since 2004 there has been a town partnership with the Polish town of Oborniki Śląskie (Obernigk in Lower Silesia) north of Wroclaw.

The city was instrumental in founding the Czech-German association Friends in the Heart of Europe .

The city of Rehau was awarded the European Diploma in 2010, it is the first of a total of 4 levels of the European Prize . In 2013, the second stage followed with the flag of honor of the Council of Europe. With the badge of honor of the Council of Europe in 2019, the special services of the city of Rehau to European integration were again recognized.

coat of arms

Blazon: In silver, on the green ground between two green conifers, stands a jumping red deer, the left front leaf of which is covered with a little silver and black plaque (so-called Zollern shield ).

Culture and sights

Parish Church of St. Jobst

Architectural monuments

Museums

Maxplatz - on the right in the picture the war memorial for the fallen soldiers of the First World War

The museum center on Maxplatz shows exhibits on the city's history. In addition to the city history collection, there is also an originally furnished drugstore and a historical forge. The Ascher Collection and the Roßbacher Weberstube document the cultural heritage of the Sudeten Germans . This is supplemented with the Silesian Collection.

The history of the town and especially the townscape of Rehau is shaped by three town fires. In the museum center, two city models not only show the serious differences before and after the fire of 1817, but also how Rehau became the "model city of Bavaria". Rehau was completely rebuilt according to fire protection knowledge at the instigation of the Bavarian King Max I.

The mechanical workshop in Angergäßchen is a testament to the early days of industrialization in Rehau and impresses with the original furnishings that have been preserved. It was there that Hans Vogt , the co-inventor of the sound film, met.

An exhibition on the invention of the sound film is dedicated to Hans Vogt, who was born in the Wurlitz district of Rehau, who revolutionized film history with two colleagues. After over 150 patents, in 1922 they invented the optical sound process and thus the sound film.

The Institute for Constructive Art and Concrete Poetry (IKKP) is housed in the Kunsthaus. It contains the collections and the archive of Eugen Gomringer , the inventor of concrete poetry . Art objects by various artists are on display in the sculpture garden around the Kunsthaus.

Regular events

The Heimat- und Wiesenfest takes place every two years, alternating with the Rehau city festival, always on the first weekend in July.

The Rehau gingerbread market always takes place on the 1st weekend in Advent in Rehau. The market is unique and could rightly be called the "First German Gingerbread Market" because it cannot be found anywhere else. A large number of well-known regional gingerbread bakeries offer their products all together only at the gingerbread market in Rehau.

Prices

The town of Rehau has been awarding the Golden Potato Prize since 1998, which is intended to commemorate the pioneering work of Pilgramsreuther farmers in potato cultivation. Prize winners were Edmund Stoiber , local researcher Max Wirsing , who demonstrated early potato cultivation, Bavarian Minister Josef Miller , Farmers Association President Gerd Sonnleitner , State Parliament President Alois Glück , cook Alfons Schuhbeck , cabaret artist Richard Rogler and the then Federal Minister of Defense Karl-Theodor to Guttenberg.

Economy and Infrastructure

The spruce is the dominant tree in the forests around Rehau

The industrialization of the city was significantly influenced for over a hundred years by two porcelain factories, which have now been closed: Zeh, Scherzer & Co. (1880–1992) and Hertel-Jacob (1907–1970). The city of Rehau has the highest industrial density in Bavaria.

The business location of the plastics city Rehau is today mainly characterized by its plastics, ceramics, leather and metal industries. The successful and broad-based economy is the result of the successful change from a porcelain town to the stronghold of Bavarian leather processing to the center of the plastics processing industry.

Dozens of small and medium-sized companies as well as a global company in the field of plastics processing - REHAU AG + Co., which has its headquarters on site and employs over 2,500 people here - continuously promote the positive development of the city and offer a large number of highly qualified jobs .

Established businesses

traffic

Rehau station with a LINT 41 multiple unit of the Upper Palatinate Railway

The city of Rehau is connected to the A 93 with two junctions . The B 289 connects Rehau with the A 9 .

The Cheb – Oberkotzau railway runs through Rehau. There is a stop in the Wurlitz district and a train station in Rehau. The route has been operated by Agilis since 2011, and since 2015 there has been a connection with the Upper Palatinate Railway, which runs via Aš and Cheb to Marktredwitz .

Public facilities

police

In Rehau there is a police station of the Bavarian police , which is attached to the police station in Hof.

Volunteer firefighter

FF Rehau has 9 vehicles and a road safety trailer (VSA).

media

The Frankenpost has been the regional daily newspaper for over 110 years, because the Rehauer Tagblatt, like the Hofer Anzeiger, no longer has any independent editions. It is the regional edition of the city and district of Hof.

With the REHport, the city of Rehau publishes a monthly newsletter with current news, information and event notices.

education

  • Technical school for plastics technology in the Hof district in Rehau
  • Research and Innovation Center e. V. (KeKuTex)
  • State vocational school Hof, school location Rehau
  • Gutenberg School Rehau
  • Pestalozzi School Rehau
  • Markgraf-Friedrich-Schule, Staatliche Realschule Rehau

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have or are still working on site

Maxplatz: poem by Eugen Gomringer at the museum

Others

The writer Karl May set Rehau a literary monument in his novel Christmas , published in 1897 . At the beginning of the novel, the first-person narrator (Old Shatterhand) from Saxony meets a poor family in Rehau who want to beg their way to Bremen without money in order to travel to America to visit a relative. The first-person narrator struggles to leave his travel budget to the hopeless family. Several years later, the first-person narrator has long been known as Old Shatterhand, he wants to meet Winnetou in the city of Weston in America. There, by chance, Old Shatterhand meets the family from Rehau, who asks him to look for a missing relative of theirs who disappeared in the Rocky Mountains. Together with Winnetou he sets off.

literature

Web links

Commons : Rehau  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Rehau  - travel guide
Wikisource: Rehau in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Bayerische Landesbibliothek - online , accessed on November 15, 2010
  3. ^ Ernst Zeh: Local history of the city of Rehau. P. 14.
  4. ↑ Karl Müssel: Bayreuth in eight centuries . 1st edition. Gondrom, Bindlach 1993, ISBN 3-8112-0809-8 , p. 139 .
  5. ↑ http://www.modellstadt-bayerns.de/ , accessed on February 10, 2013
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 688 .
  7. ↑ Statistics . Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
  8. ↑ Statistics from 2002 . Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
  9. ^ House of Bavarian History: Description of the coat of arms ( Memento of the original from August 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , May 10, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hdbg.de
  10. ↑ About the price and its rationale , accessed on June 10, 2019
  11. ↑ Previous winners of the Golden Potato , accessed on June 10, 2019
  12. ↑ Bavarian Police - Hof Police Station with Rehau Police Station. Retrieved June 25, 2020 .
  13. ^ Vehicles - Fire Department City of Rehau. Retrieved on June 25, 2020 (German).