Pots

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '  N , 11 ° 52'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Franconia
County :	court
Management Community :	Feilitzsch
Height :	516 m above sea level NHN
Area :	20.8 km 2
Residents:	1018 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	49 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	95183
Area code :	09295
License plate :	HO , MÜB , NAI, REH , SAN
Community key :	09 4 75 181
Community structure:	9 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Schleizer Strasse 30 95183 Töpen
Website :	www.toepen.de
Mayor :	Alexander Kätzel ( CSU )
Location of the municipality of Töpen in the district of Hof

Töpen from the south

German-German museum in the formerly divided district of Mödlareuth

Töpen is a municipality in the Upper Franconian district of Hof and a member of the Feilitzsch administrative community . The municipality is located in the northern district on the border with Saxony and Thuringia . The municipality also includes the Bavarian part of Mödlareuth, which became famous through the separation on the German-German border .

geography

Töpen is located in the valley of the Kupferbach in the immediate vicinity of the former German-German border. The districts are:

• Fattigsmühle
• Hohendorf
• Isaar
• Royal court
• Mödlareuth (Bavarian part)
• Moosanger
• Ober- and Untertiefendorf
• Pots

Bundesstraße 2 runs through the village and separates the old town from the settlement that has only emerged in recent decades . A few kilometers away is the A 72 with the Hof / Töpen exit . The independent city of Hof (Saale) is 10 km away.

history

Saale valley near Töpen

Until the 19th century

The time of the first settlement of Töpens is unknown, the first documented mention of the place was in 1310. The name Töpen probably comes from the Mainwendischen and means something like 'wet lowland'. Around 1200, the Lords of Tepen came to the area in the wake of the Weida bailiffs , who chose their name after the already existing settlement. This sex died out about 200 years later, so that the possessions were passed on to other families through family ties.

Forerunners of today's parish church in Töpen , a St. Martin's church, have been attested since 1390 . It was initially a branch church of the Thuringian Gefell . It received its current form through several extensions and modifications. The church has been Protestant since 1528 .

The Lords of Beulwitz lived in Töpen from the 16th to the 18th century. The sovereign was the Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth .

For the margrave, the convoy on the Hof-Zedtwitz-Töpen-Gefell-Schleiz section was an important source of income; it was frequented primarily by merchants from Leipzig and Nuremberg. Many important personalities such as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe on his travels to the baths or Johann (Jean) Paul Friedrich Richter traveled on her to study in the university city of Leipzig. The Prussian Princess Wilhelmine also reached margravial territory on this road in January 1732 as the newly wed Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth in Töpen, as did her brother King Friedrich II of Prussia years later when visiting his sister in Bayreuth. When the childless Margrave Karl Alexander renounced the principalities of Ansbach and Bayreuth in 1792, both came under Prussian rule. After the Prussian defeat in 1806, a French military governor was installed in Bayreuth. Austria's war against France followed with a brief Austrian occupation (1809). On June 30, 1810, Töpen came to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

border

An exchange of borders between Brandenburg-Bayreuth and Saxony in 1524 had a serious impact on the Mödlareuth part of the community in particular . After 1945 Töpen was at the Iron Curtain , in Mödlareuth the border ran along the brook right through the town, so that one part belonged to the Federal Republic and the other to the GDR . The border in the municipality was finally closed with the abandonment of the Töpen-Juchhöh border crossing on Bundesstrasse 2 on December 16, 1966. It had served as a bypass for the interrupted A 9 transit motorway ( Munich - Berlin ) until the Rudolphstein bridge was restored . The peripheral location of the place ended with the opening of the German-German border in 1989.

Administrative organization

In 1945 the municipality of Töpen consisted of the towns of Töpen, Mödlareuth (Bavarian part), Tiefendorf ( Ober- and Untertiefendorf ), Hohendorf , Moosanger and Königshof according to a municipal edict from the 19th century . The citizens of these localities elect the municipal council and the honorary mayor. Until 1978 there was an independent administration in the municipality of Töpen, which consisted of a full-time municipality clerk and a part-time municipality treasurer. Until the new school building was built in 1951/52 there was no public office, the respective mayor had to vacate a room in his apartment for it. The administrative and spatial planning was changed with the Bavarian municipal reform of 1972. According to the law of territorial reform, smaller municipalities with insufficient capacity should join a larger one, that is, should be incorporated. In the Töpen area, the communities Isaar, Münchenreuth and Zedtwitz were affected. Since the incorporation on a voluntary basis meant the granting of substantial subsidies from state funds for the municipalities until 1978, the previously independent municipality Isaar joined the municipality of Töpen by means of an ordinance on January 1, 1972 .

Münchenreuth and Zedtwitz were later incorporated into the Feilitzsch community . From 1978 onwards, the municipal area reform law was enforced and carried out without subsidies. The reorganization of the administration meant that Töpen joined the newly established Feilitzsch administrative community , to which, in addition to the communities of Töpen and Feilitzsch, the communities of Trogen and Gattendorf belong. The administrative community is an organ for the preparation of decisions and the implementation of decisions, that is, the entire internal administration such as correspondence, cash management, etc. is carried out by the community authority, at the same time the administrative community is an authority with the management function for the joint projects of the individual communities, such as the Association school Bavarian Vogtland. She is responsible for material expenses, is obliged to maintain the school building, procure teaching materials, etc.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population fell from 1,049 to 1,028 by 21 or 2%. On December 31, 2000 Töpen had 1246 inhabitants.

politics

mayor

Alexander Kätzel (CSU) has been the first mayor since May 2020.

Former mayor

• Klaus Grünzner (CSU): May 2002 - April 2020
• Arnold Friedrich : March 1979 - April 2002
• Hermann Schultz: May 1948 - December 1978
• Gottlieb Geißer: March 1948 - May 1948
• Martin Stumpf: around November 1945 - February 1946
• Erhard Friedrich: January 1930 - approx. November 1945
• Johann Köppel: January 1919 - December 1929
• Johann Klug: January 1900 - June 1919
• Schultz: January 1897 - December 1899

Municipal council

The local elections in 1996, 2002, 2008, 2014 and 2020 led to the following allocation of seats in the local council:

	1996	2002	2008	2014	2020
CSU	04th	05	04th	04th	06th
SPD	03	02	02	02	01
Free voters	05	05	06th	06th	05
total	12	12	12	12	12

Culture and sights

Carnival procession 2006

The Töpen Carnival Society organizes a carnival procession from Hohendorf to Töpen every two years. The voluntary train is one of the most famous in the region; over 10,000 visitors were often counted.

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Töpen

Economy and Infrastructure

Evangelical Church of St. Martin, in the foreground the rectory

The town center with the church has retained its village character. For some years now, the village center has been completely renovated and redesigned through village renewal measures. On the outskirts, the large warehouses of the grocer Dennree dominate the industrial area . There are several hiking trails in the area, including along the former death strip and into the valley of the Saxon Saale .

Personalities

The best-known resident of Töpens was Jean Paul , who taught from 1786 to 1789 as a private tutor for the Oerthel family in the Lower Castle, which still exists today. In Des Rector Florian Fälbels and his primary trip to the Fichtelberg , Fälbel comes to Töpen.

literature

• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Töpen . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 5 : S-U . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1802, DNB  790364328 , OCLC 833753112 , Sp. 562-563 ( digitized version ).
• Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Töpen . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 594 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Töpen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on Töpen's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Töpen: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Karl Benker: On the Open Monument Day on September 11th, 2011: The Altstrasse between Töpen and the Tannbachtal . In: Kirchengemeinde Töpen (Hrsg.): Gemeindebrief . No. 93 . Töpen 2011 ( kirchengemeindetoepen.de [PDF]).
3. ^ ^{A b} Gernot Friedrich: Technical work: The communal tasks of the municipality of Töpen after 1945 . Ed .: Schiller-Gymnasium Hof. Hof February 1, 1990, p. 28 ( wikimedia.org [PDF]).
4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 485 .
5. ↑ Results of local elections 2020. Hof district, accessed on May 10, 2020 . 
6. ^ Karl Benker: The history of Töpens and its incorporated villages up to 1945 . Ed .: Municipality of Töpen. Töpen 2007, p. 192 .
7. ^ Result of the local council election 2020. AKDB, accessed on May 10, 2020 .