Hranice u Aše
| Hranice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Karlovarský kraj | ||||
| District : | Cheb | ||||
| Area : | 3179.4438 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 18 ' N , 12 ° 11' E | ||||
| Height: | 575 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,129 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 351 24 | ||||
| License plate : | K (old CH) | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: | Aš – Hranice | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 4th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Miroslav Picka (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | U pošty 182 351 24 Hranice u Aše |
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| Municipality number: | 554553 | ||||
| Website : | www.mestohranice.cz | ||||
| Location of Hranice in the Cheb district | |||||
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Hranice ([ ˈɦraɲɪt͡sɛ ˈuaʃɛ ]) ( German Roßbach ) is a small town in the Bohemian Vogtland . Hranice is the westernmost city in the Czech Republic .
geography
Geographical location
Hranice is located north of Aš in the Okres Cheb des Karlovarský kraj . The town of Hranice, the Upper Franconian neighboring town of Regnitzlosau and the Saxon municipality of Eichigt (border crossing Hranice-Ebmath) are located in the Vogtland triangle of Bohemia-Bavaria-Saxony. The three municipalities are members of the Friends in the Heart of Europe association .
Community structure
Hranice consists of the districts of Hranice ( Roßbach ), Pastviny ( Friedersreuth ), Studánka ( Thonbrunn ) and Trojmezí ( Gottmannsgrün ), which also form cadastral districts. Basic development units are Hranice, Goat Hřbety ( goat jerk ), krasňany ( Pfannenstiel ) Novosedly ( Neustallung ) Pastviny, Sídliště, Studánka, Studánka-u nádraží and Trojmezí. The Císařský Hamr ( Kaiserhammer ) desert also belongs to Hranice .
Neighboring places
| Calibrates | ||
| Regnitzlosau , Rehau |
.svg)
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Adorf / Vogtl. , Bad Elster |
| Krásná (Schönbach b.Asch), Podhradí (Neuberg) | Aš (ash) |
history
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_evangelic_church_2009-07-08.jpg)
It is believed that it was founded in the 12th century. The oldest mention of Roßbach comes from the year 1318. At that time the town belonged to the church administration of the town of Hof . The original village was on the trade route between Eger (now Cheb ) and Plauen . As early as 1413 it was reported that the population lived mostly from weaving .
The population, not open to innovations, originally successfully refused to be connected to the road network because it was feared that the place would then be easily vulnerable to military action. As a result, Roßbach initially lost its economic connection, which then ultimately led to the decline of industry.
It can be proven that in 1778 valuable woven clothes and muslins with incorporated patterns were handcrafted . In 1808, the first textile factory was set up, mainly producing for export.
In the 19th century Roßbach took a leading position in the textile industry in the region. The inhabitants, who could no longer support agriculture, found work in the textile industry.
In 1882 Roßbach was raised to a market town by Franz Josef I. During the Habsburg Monarchy, the community belonged to the judicial district of Asch or District Asch .
In 1885 the market was finally connected to the railway network via the Asch – Roßbach local railway. The route was later extended to Adorf (Vogtl.) .
In 1904 the first telephone was put into operation and in 1911 the community was connected to the power grid.
The place belonged to the newly founded Czechoslovakia since 1918 and was called Hranice ( German border ) by the Czechs . After the Munich Agreement Hranice was the German Reich slammed and belonged until 1945 to the district Asch , Region of Eger , in the Reich District of Sudetenland .
The expulsion of the Germans after World War II led to a sharp decline in population. The original place name was deprecated.
In 1964 Hranice got city rights.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1847 | 2954 | in 321 houses, German, mostly Protestant residents |
| 1869 | 3652 | |
| 1880 | 3823 | |
| 1890 | 3703 | |
| 1900 | 4895 | German, mostly Protestant residents |
| 1910 | 4518 | |
| 1921 | 3936 | |
| 1930 | 4283 | |
| 1939 | 4193 |
| year | 1950 | 1961 1 | 1970 1 | 1980 2 | 1991 2 | 2001 2 | 2011 2 |
| Residents | 2503 | 2032 | 2130 | 2428 | 2280 | 2266 | 2096 |
Culture and sights
Museums
- F. A. Hendel's factory, built in 1908 and now a museum
Buildings
- Evangelical Church , built in 1682 and rebuilt in 1719.
- Roman Catholic Church “Visit of the Virgin Mary ” with two towers from 1894
sons and daughters of the town
- Rudolf Dölling (1902–1975), major general of the National People's Army in the GDR and ambassador to the USSR
- Josef Hendel (1897–1993), artist (paintings, woodcuts , etchings )
- Johann Christoph Hilf (1783–1885), musician born in Thonbrunn
- Otto Zapf (1931–2018), industrial designer , co-founder of the furniture manufacturer Vitsoe
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/554553/Hranice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/554553/Obec-Hranice
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/554553/Obec-Hranice
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/554553/Obec-Hranice
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 15: Elbogner Kreis , Prague 1847, p. 372, paragraph 14.
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 17, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 159, Roßbach 2).
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Asch district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).