Císařský Hamr

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Former Dolní mlýn

Císařský Hamr (German Kaiserhammer ) is a desert in the Czech Republic . It is located 500 m southeast of the border triangle Bohemia-Saxony-Bavaria in the Trojmezí district of the city of Hranice in Okres Cheb . The Kaiserhammerzipfel forms the northwesternmost branch of the Ascher Zipfel .

geography

Císařský Hamr was located at the southern foot of the Hammerberg in 540 m nm below the confluence of the Bystřina ( Wolfsbach ) on the right bank of the border brook Rokytnice / Südliche Regnitz . The mill ditch, derived from the Bystřina and also called Bystřina, ran parallel to the Rokytnice through the hamlet. Císařský Hamr is located in the area of ​​the Smrčiny Nature Park and the Bystřina Nature Reserve.

Neighboring towns were Kugelreuth and Tiefenbrunn in the north, Pabstleithen in the northeast, Trojmezí in the east, Kozí Hřbety , Nové Město, Schelder and Schanz in the southeast, Kirchbrünnlein, Hammerwiesen and Oberprex in the south, Prex in the southwest, Förtschenbach, Henriettenlust and Troschau in the west and Nentschau in the west . Mittelhammer and Wieden in the northwest.

history

The first written mention of the Upper Hammer took place in 1396. At the beginning of the 15th century, the Neuberg lordship also had mills built on their territory on the Regnitz and Wolfsbach rivers. The Kaiserhammer can be proven since 1710, it was probably named after an owner. In the 18th century, both hammer mills ceased operations and were converted into mills; the later Hofmannsmühle was built on the site of the Kaiserhammer. A paint mill was operated for a time in the lower mill, and a Roßbach entrepreneur had Leonese webs produced in the upper mill . Overall, the north west corner adjoining the ashtray between baierischen and Saxon areas Kaiserhammer remained zipfel only inhabited weak. The main place was the one-shift Kaiserhammer; Northwest was the Dreikönigreicheck the Untermühle ( Dolní mlýn ) and northeast in the base of the Wolf creek the upper mill ( Horní mlýn ). The hamlet on the border with the Margraviate of Bayreuth was inscribed in Gottmannsgrün and has always been a parish of Regnitzlosau . The trade route from Hof to Roßbach led through Kaiserhammer ; it was defined in 1836 as the Imperial and Royal Customs Road and an announcement post was set up in Kaiserhammer .

In 1845 Johann Gottfried Sommer described the three layers on the Regnitz belonging to Gottmannsgrün as the three hammer mills : the lower mill, the middle mill with a board saw and the upper mill were named. In 1849 the Zollstrasse via Kaiserhammer and with it the announcement post was abolished. From then on, only border residents who brought everyday goods with them were allowed to use the road. Until the middle of the 19th century, the settlement remained subject to the Asch rulers .

After the abolition of patrimonial Kaiserhammer formed a district of the Gottmannsgrün community in the judicial district of Asch . From 1868 the settlement belonged to the Asch district . After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , the town of Kaisermühle was heavily frequented by German day-trippers who stopped in the two inns, the Gasthaus Jacob and Drei-Länder-Ecke No. 23/24 on the border or the Gasthaus Hofmannsmühle (No. 27). In the 1930s the district of Kaiserhammer consisted of eight houses and had around 50 residents. In 1937 Kaiserhammer including Obermühle and Untermühle was separated from the parish of Regnitzlosau in Bavaria and changed to the parish of Roßbach . After the Munich Agreement , the settlement was added to the German district of Asch in 1938. The border crossing was closed after the Second World War and the German population was expelled in 1946 . In the same year the border bridge on the way to Prex was blown up; Dolní mlýn was destroyed by arson. With the erection of the Iron Curtain , the place near the border was completely abandoned after 1948 and destroyed in the 1950s.

Today a hiking trail leads through Císařský Hamr from Trojmezí to the triangle.

Attractions

  • Steinkreuz, at the junction of the former path to Prex and Nentschau

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Part two: Ellbogner Kreis, 1785, p. 239
  2. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 15 - Elbogen Circle , 1847, p. 372
  3. ^ Gubernial declaration on the regulation of the customs roads in the Ascher area of ​​March 1, 1849.
  4. ↑ http://www.suehnekreuz.de/tschech/karlsbad/hranice.htm

Web links

Coordinates: 50 ° 18 ′ 53.8 ″  N , 12 ° 6 ′ 19.2 ″  E