Edmund Stoiber

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Edmund Stoiber (2020)

Edmund Rüdiger Rudi Stoiber (born September 28, 1941 in Oberaudorf ) is a German politician ( CSU ). From May 1993 to September 2007 he was Prime Minister of the Free State of Bavaria and from 1999 to 2007 Chairman of the CSU.

Stoiber was defeated in the Bundestag election in September 2002 as the Union's candidate for chancellor against the incumbent Chancellor Gerhard Schröder . In the state elections in Bavaria in 2003 , the CSU, with Stoiber as the top candidate, achieved the best result in terms of seat allocation that has ever been achieved in a state election in the Federal Republic. As Bavarian Prime Minister, he had the second longest term in office to date.

After his resignation as Prime Minister, Stoiber was honorary head of an EU working group in Brussels to reduce bureaucracy .

Life

education and profession

Edmund Stoiber grew up in Oberaudorf (Upper Bavaria, district of Rosenheim ) as the son of the office clerk Edmund Georg Stoiber , who came from Schwarzenfeld in the Upper Palatinate , and Elisabeth Stoiber, born in the Rhineland . Zimmermann from Dormagen . Stoiber's maternal grandparents had migrated from Nabburg (Upper Palatinate) to the Rhineland .

From 1951 to 1961 Stoiber attended the Ignaz-Günther-Gymnasium in Rosenheim , had to repeat the seventh grade and passed the Abitur there. He then did his military service from 1961 to 1962 as a reserve officer candidate with the Mountain Infantry Battalion 231 in Bad Reichenhall and the Mountain Infantry Battalion 233 in Mittenwald . He was released early because he sustained a serious knee injury during training. He is a member of the comrades group of the mountain troops .

After completing his military service, Stoiber began studying political science at the Munich School of Politics and law at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich in the fall of 1962 , which he completed in 1967 with the first state examination in law. He then worked as a research assistant at the Chair of Criminal Law and Eastern Law at the University of Regensburg . In 1968 he went to the clerkship and in 1971 at Friedrich-Christian Schroeder at Regensburg University with a thesis on " current The trespassing in the light of problems " for Dr. iur. PhD. In the same year he passed the second state law examination with distinction.

In the same year he joined the Bavarian State Ministry for State Development and Environmental Issues , where from 1972 to 1974 he was personal advisor to State Minister Max Streibl and, most recently, also head of the ministerial office. Stoiber has been admitted to the bar since 1978 . From 1978 to 1982 he was also the general counsel for the lottery -Toto sales Community Bayern operates.

Party career

Edmund Stoiber (1981)

Edmund Stoiber joined the Junge Union and the CSU in December 1971 . From 1974 to 2008 he was a member of the Bavarian State Parliament . From 1978 to 1983 he was General Secretary of the CSU under party chairman Franz Josef Strauss . In this office he acquired a reputation as a “blond guillotine” among political opponents . As Secretary General, he was also responsible for the 1980 federal election campaign , in which the CDU and CSU chancellor candidate Franz Josef Strauss was defeated by the incumbent Chancellor Helmut Schmidt ( SPD ).

From 1989 Stoiber was deputy chairman of the CSU. In addition, he was chairman of the CSU policy committee from 1989 to 1993. After the Bundestag election in 1998 , which was lost for the Union , he was elected as the successor to the former Federal Minister of Finance Theodor Waigel on January 16, 1999 with 93.4 percent of party chairman of the CSU. Before that, there had been several conflicts with Waigel since Stoiber's election as Bavarian Prime Minister in 1993.

Stoiber was re-elected as party chairman on October 9, 1999 with 90 percent, on October 13, 2001 with 96.59 percent, on July 19, 2003 with 96.97 percent and on September 3, 2005 with 93.1 percent. At the 2007 party congress, he did not run again for the office of CSU chairman.

In his farewell speech as party leader and prime minister at the party congress of the CSU on September 18, 2007, he demanded an independent course and a clear conservative profile from his successors. Bavaria's Minister of Economic Affairs, Erwin Huber , became the successor as chairman of the CSU in a vote against CSU Deputy Chief Horst Seehofer and Fürth District Administrator Gabriele Pauli .

Candidacy for Chancellor

In January 2002, after the “ Wolfratshauser Breakfast ” with Angela Merkel , Stoiber was able to assert himself as a joint candidate for chancellor of the CDU and CSU for the 2002 Bundestag election - as the first CSU politician after Franz Josef Strauss. The main topics of his election campaign were economic and social policy , especially the fight against unemployment , internal security and the economic development of the structurally weak north-east of Germany. Michael Spreng , the former editor-in-chief of “ Bild am Sonntag ” , was the campaign leader in the Stoiber team, which at the time was operating in parallel with the joint CDU / CSU team .

The election ended the 16-year downward trend of the Union parties in federal elections; However, the 38.5 percent achieved were still well below all the results for the Union parties from 1953 to 1994. Despite gains of 3.4 percentage points, Stoiber did not succeed in securing an absolute majority for a coalition of CDU / CSU and FDP. The SPD also received 38.5 percent (minus 2.4 percentage points), but a total of 6,027 votes (= 0.01 percent) more than the Union, and was able to form the strongest parliamentary group due to overhang mandates ; the previous coalition retained the majority with 306 of 603 seats. Overall, Stoiber missed his goal of forming a black-yellow coalition by around 570,000 votes.

At the beginning of 2004, Stoiber was traded as a possible candidate for the office of Federal President, but he renounced it.

State Secretary and State Minister

Edmund Stoiber during an election speech in a beer tent in Reutberg Monastery (1999)

In 1982 Stoiber was appointed State Secretary and Head of the Bavarian State Chancellery to the Bavarian State Government led by Prime Minister Franz Josef Strauss . In 1986 he was appointed Minister of State in the same capacity . After the death of Franz Josef Strauss, Stoiber was appointed Bavarian State Minister of the Interior in Max Streibl's cabinet in 1988 .

Bavarian Prime Minister

After Max Streibl had resigned as Bavarian Prime Minister in May 1993 because of the Amigo affair , Stoiber was elected as his successor on May 28, 1993. In this function he was also President of the Federal Council from November 1, 1995 to October 31, 1996 .

In the state elections in 1994 and 1998 he was able to defend the CSU's absolute majority with 52.8 percent and 52.9 percent of the votes cast, respectively, as the top candidate of the CSU , and in the state elections in 2003 with a low turnout (57.3 percent), he was able to increase it to 60.7 percent . With this second-best result in its history, the CSU received a two-thirds majority (124 of 180) of the seats in the Bavarian state parliament, which, however, does not allow any constitutional changes in Bavaria.

On September 4, 1999, Prime Minister Stoiber informed Justice Minister Alfred Sauter of his intended dismissal because he held him responsible for the so-called LWS affair. The semi-state housing association LWS had accumulated a loss of 367 million marks at this time. Sauter described Stoiber's allegations as "sheep shit" and publicly settled accounts with him in the state parliament a week later.

Edmund Stoiber at the CSU party conference 2015

From October 18 to November 8, 2005, Stoiber was a member of the 16th German Bundestag . In the same year he was appointed Minister of Economics for the Merkel cabinet , but decided against this post on November 1st. He justified his withdrawal with the resignation of Franz Müntefering as party leader of the Social Democrats, which was announced at the same time . In addition, he was unable to fully implement his plans for a super ministry in a dispute with the designated research minister Annette Schavan (CDU). His indecision to join a federal government under Angela Merkel also met with criticism in the CSU. If Stoiber dared to start again in Munich, this demanded a change of policy so that the Prime Minister could again secure the confidence of the voters.

After Stoiber's return from Berlin, the opinion was expressed within the party that he should not run for re-election as Prime Minister. On January 18, 2007, Stoiber announced that he would give up his position as head of government in Bavaria on September 30, 2007 due to the dwindling support in his party and falling polls. The fourth Stoiber Cabinet remained in office until October 16, 2007.

To mark his farewell as Prime Minister of Bavaria, the Bundeswehr gave a serenade on October 2, 2007 in the Munich Hofgarten . The guests included Defense Minister Franz Josef Jung and Inspector General Schneiderhan . The previous Minister of the Interior, Günther Beckstein , became the new Bavarian Prime Minister on October 9th . Stoiber was no longer eligible for the state election in Bavaria in 2008 . As a former Prime Minister he has an office in Munich.

In retrospect, the withdrawal from Berlin is seen as the beginning of the end of Stoiber's political career. In the last phase of his tenure, his various slip of the tongue found increasing media coverage. A typical example is a passage from the so-called Transrapid speech at the 2002 New Year's reception of the Munich CSU, which was rediscovered in 2006 and became a popular parody .

EU commission

In February 2004 Stoiber was offered the office of President of the European Commission by Jacques Chirac with the consent of Chancellor Gerhard Schröder , but he refused.

After his resignation, at the suggestion of José Manuel Barroso , Stoiber was appointed honorary head of a working group of the European Commission on reducing bureaucracy in Brussels in November 2007 , which was subordinate to EU Industry Commissioner Günter Verheugen and which published its final report in October 2014. According to its own information, the working group is said to have helped companies in Europe save 33 billion euros in costs every year.

Other engagement

As Prime Minister, Stoiber was the curator of the New Social Market Economy Initiative . Together with Franz Müntefering , he was chairman of the Federal State Commission, a joint commission of the Federal Council and the Bundestag for the modernization of the federal system in Germany. He was also involved in numerous other functions:

Private

Stoiber has been married to Karin Stoiber since 1968 . Her family comes from the Sudetenland . The couple have three children, Dominic, Veronica (Vroni) and Constanze, as well as seven grandchildren and live in Wolfratshausen .

Political positions

Stoiber has clearly positioned itself in selected policy areas, in particular marriage, homosexuality and immigration . His sharp rhetoric is often polarizing. He is thus following the line followed by his predecessors of integrating conservative circles into the party. At the time of his resignation as party leader and prime minister, he said in an interview in September 2007 that Franz Josef Strauss, his political mentor , had formulated and shaped principles that are just as valid today as they were then. To be conservative is to march at the forefront of progress. There should be no democratically legitimized party to the right of the CSU. The yardstick for the CSU as a people's party in elections is 50 percent plus x. Even with very good election results, you shouldn't sit back, because these are snapshots and not bank balances.

Economy and budget

In economic policy , Stoiber spoke out against a debt-financed policy - in the interests of future generations and also because of the stability criteria for the introduction of the euro. Strengthening Germany's leading business location Bavaria, among other things through the so-called “ High-Tech-Offensive Bavaria ”, is a priority for him, but “ in the age of globalization there is no way back to an antiquated economic nationalism” .

As part of the federalism reform, Stoiber played a leading role in the reorganization of the state financial equalization that was decided in 2001. In a government statement, he stated that Bavaria could be "extremely satisfied".

He repeatedly stated that the high transfer payments to compensate for spatial disparities  - e.g. B. from north to south Italy or from west to east Germany  - should expire. The transfer of national sovereignty in monetary policy to the European Central Bank must be supplemented by a federal economic, financial and budgetary policy.

Stoiber has been pursuing a rigid austerity policy in Bavaria since it won the state elections in 2003 so that the budget would be balanced from 2006 onwards in order to create the framework for long-term stable prosperity in the state. At the time, political observers assumed that Stoiber also wanted to acquire a recommendation for an office as Minister of Economics and Finance at the federal level after the upcoming federal election.

Foreign and Security Policy

Stoiber has repeatedly spoken out against Turkey joining the European Union, because if it were accepted, the European Union would have a border with countries such as Iran , Syria and Iraq . In this way, Europe would have "unmanageable difficulties". Beyond the fact that there are still massive doubts about the rule of law in Turkey, a “Europe-wide discussion” must take place on the key issues mentioned. The EU and especially Germany are friends of Turkey. Nevertheless, membership is not on the agenda, but rather the development of "very special, very close relationships" between the EU and Turkey. The reform approaches in Turkey still have to be further developed and implemented. Stoiber also demanded a stricter course towards Turkey and a "freeze" of the EU accession talks from the new Union-led federal government.

Stoiber repeatedly called for redress from the Czech government for the losses and suffering of those displaced during World War II . Some met with opposition that he linked the question of compensation payments and the repeal of the Beneš decrees with the accession of the Czech Republic to the EU as part of the EU's eastward expansion on May 1, 2004. Bavaria is strongly affected by the issue, because a large number of those displaced from the former Sudetenland after 1945 had settled here, including Stoiber's wife.

In the discussion about conscription , Stoiber advocates compulsory security policy .

In the debate about a possible German participation in UN missions in the Lebanon conflict, Stoiber pointed out that, due to the German past, it was difficult to maintain a neutral, but possibly also resolute, attitude towards Israel , and therefore the risk of being involved in combat missions getting involved should be avoided.

immigration

Edmund Stoiber (2013)

When the red-green federal government presented the government draft of an immigration law , Stoiber called for a form of immigration that was more precisely defined in terms of scope, extent and requirements.

According to the Süddeutscher Zeitung of November 4, 1988, Stoiber is said to have warned during a conversation with journalists against a "mixed and raging society". Her editor Michael Stiller later reported that he had only accused Oskar Lafontaine in a background discussion of wanting a “multinational society” that was “described as mixed and riddled by the Republicans and rejected by the citizens”. At that time Stoiber spoke of a quote taken out of context, later he “confessed” to the world , “that this sentence was perhaps a little too pointed.”

In the debate about the refugee crisis in Europe in 2015 , Stoiber contradicted Angela Merkel by stating that the German asylum law does not provide for an upper limit in legal terms, but in practice it cannot achieve this and that Muslims , but not Islam, belong to Germany.

blasphemy

In 2006, the station was beaming MTV a commercial for the controversial cartoon - television series Popetown out. Under the title “Laughing instead of hanging around”, this showed a laughing Christ who had risen from the cross while watching TV. The broadcast led to a public debate about the meaning of blasphemy in Germany , also in connection with the previously published Mohammed caricatures and an appearance by the actor Mathieu Carrière , in which he demonstrated in a Jesus costume hanging on a cross for more rights of separated fathers . As a result, Stoiber called for more severe penalties for blasphemy to be anchored in criminal law . He declared that everything that is sacred to others should not be trampled underfoot. The Section 166 of the Penal Code is "completely blunt and ineffective because it provides for a punishment only if the public peace is in danger and turmoil threatens." Who aware of the religious feelings of other people herumtrampele, had to face the consequences - in severe cases up to three years in prison. Stoiber continued to justify his position by saying that the dispute over the Mohammed cartoons shows in an alarming way where the violation of religious feelings could lead.

The Stoiber initiative was not supported by the churches. While the German Bishops' Conference declared that it would not comment on the proposal, the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD) expressly rejected it. Petra Bahr, cultural representative of the EKD, explained in this context: "We see no reasons for the tightening of criminal law". The jurisprudence has so far dealt sensitively with blasphemous acts.

In the following year, Stoibers Justice Minister Beate Merk submitted a legislative proposal to tighten Section 166 of the Criminal Code. This formed the basis for a Federal Council initiative to amend the paragraph. According to the bill, insulting religion and the church, which could disturb the public peace, should not be punishable, but mocking or degrading. The bill stipulated that public peace would be disturbed in the future if the ridicule could “impair the trust of those affected in respect for their religious or ideological convictions or promote the willingness of third parties to be intolerant” of religion. Stoiber's initiative had no consequences. The CSU had tried in 1986, 1995 and 1998 to criminalize blasphemy more simply and more severely, and the first three Federal Council initiatives also failed.

Registered partnerships

As a candidate for Chancellor in the 2002 Bundestag election campaign, Stoiber vehemently opposed the introduction of same-sex registered civil partnerships in Germany, which the Social Democrats and Greens advocated . The abstract judicial review procedure against the registered civil partnership initiated by Bavaria together with the federal states of Saxony and Baden-Württemberg was rejected by the Federal Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe. Against the amendment to the Life Partnership Act passed in 2005 , which was supported by the Social Democrats, the Greens and the FDP and which came into force on January 1, 2006, Stoiber again sought legal proceedings against the introduction of stepchild adoption by same-sex couples before the Federal Constitutional Court this time it is operated solely by the CSU-governed state of Bavaria.

honors and awards

Edmund Stoiber during the awarding of the order against seriousness, March 2000

Fonts

literature

  • Peter Köpf : Stoiber: the biography. Europa Verlag, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-203-79144-7 .
  • Ursula Sabathil: Edmund Stoiber private. Langen Müller, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-7844-2831-2 .
  • Michael Stiller : Edmund Stoiber: the candidate. Econ, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-430-18786-9 .
  • Jürgen Roth, Peter Köhler: Edmund G. Stoiber: World statesman and friend of the people. Eichborn, Frankfurt 2002, ISBN 3-8218-3584-2 . (satirical "biography")
  • Jule Philippi : Anyone who is open to everything is not really tight. Wisdoms of Edmund Stoiber . Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-499-62248-9 (including analysis of Stoiber's voluntary and involuntary language production)

Broadcast reports

Web links

Commons : Edmund Stoiber  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Edmund Stoiber  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. “No controller of the controllers” , article by Albert Schäffer on faz.net , October 13, 2010
  2. ↑ Model pupils and persistent . In: Bertelsmann Stiftung (Ed.): Change . No. 2 , 2010, p. 43 ( bertelsmann-stiftung.de [PDF; accessed on October 14, 2019]).
  3. Curriculum vitae on stoiber.de ( Memento from June 10, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  4. Biography on the website of the House of History
  5. person. Dr. Edmund Stoiber, accessed January 24, 2017 .
  6. a b Chronology - important events in Stoiber's reign. tagesspiegel.de, September 14, 2007, accessed on September 15, 2018 .
  7. ^ Federal Returning Officer ( Memento from February 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  8. 92nd meeting. (PDF) Bavarian State Parliament, May 28, 1993, accessed on January 24, 2017 .
  9. Good posts, bad mishaps. Spiegel online, December 6, 1999, accessed January 24, 2017 .
  10. LWS affair: Sauter resigns at the last moment. Spiegel Online , September 13, 1999, accessed September 9, 2013 .
  11. Lightning resignation of Upper Bavaria. Spiegel Online, January 18, 2007, accessed January 24, 2017 .
  12. “Take away his court from Stoiber!” Abendzeitung, December 16, 2009, accessed on January 24, 2017 .
  13. From Stoiber's flight from Berlin to his resignation. Süddeutsche Zeitung, May 17, 2010, accessed on January 24, 2017 .
  14. Stoiber goes flying. heise.de, January 7, 2006, accessed on January 24, 2017 .
  15. Stoiber reports savings. tagesschau.de, October 14, 2014, accessed January 24, 2017 .
  16. Brochure from the Bundesliga Foundation; P. 49 ( Memento of May 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF file; 6.49 MB)
  17. Edmund Stoiber. German Academy for Football Culture, accessed on June 7, 2017 .
  18. Jump up to the young voters. Süddeutsche Zeitung, November 23, 2011, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  19. ^ Advisory Council. Munich Security Conference Foundation, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  20. ^ A b Regina Haunhorst: Edmund Stoiber . In: Living Museum Online . Deutsches Historisches Museum, as of February 22, 2016, accessed on September 25, 2019.
  21. Dominic Stoiber: I keep my doctorate. Münchner Merkur, May 7, 2013, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  22. Stoiber's daughter - more private than ever. Münchner Merkur, March 27, 2009, accessed January 26, 2017 .
  23. "Fortunately, almost no one recognizes me". Welt N24, July 14, 2002, accessed January 26, 2017 .
  24. Stoiber: I don't know any melancholy. Rheinische Post, September 11, 2007, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  25. see government declaration 1998 ( Memento of March 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  26. Bavaria's lawsuit against financial equalization - Seehofer's summer of attacks. In: Spiegel Online . July 17, 2012, accessed August 4, 2012 .
  27. Background: Seehofer against Stoibers Finanzausgleich stern.de, July 17, 2012 ( Memento from May 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  28. Edmund Stoiber: Outside the door. Accession to Turkey would change the EU. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung, December 11, 2002.
  29. Turkey: What the Stars Say. Focus Online, August 12, 2002, accessed January 26, 2017 .
  30. cf. z. B. Stoiber strictly rejects Turkey joining the EU. In: sueddeutsche.de . September 2, 2003, accessed August 4, 2012 .
  31. EU accession - Stoiber calls for tough anti-Turkey course. In: Focus Online . November 7, 2006, accessed August 4, 2012 .
  32. ^ Backtracking in the Stoiber dispute. taz , September 21, 2015, accessed on July 24, 2019 .
  33. Admittedly, I put it very pointedly. Die Welt , August 21, 2005, accessed July 24, 2019 .
  34. "Islam does not belong to Germany": Stoiber pokes at Merkel. n-tv, September 21, 2015, accessed January 26, 2017 .
  35. "Take an example from Jesus". Spiegel Online, April 25, 2006, accessed January 26, 2017 .
  36. Stoiber calls for harsher punishments for blasphemy. Süddeutsche Zeitung, July 19, 2006, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  37. Blasphemy - Stoiber calls for harsher punishments for blasphemy sueddeutsche.de, June 19, 2006 , accessed on August 4, 2012
  38. a b Churches let Stoiber flash. Spiegel Online, June 19, 2006, accessed June 7, 2017 .
  39. Lone Crusade. Spiegel Online, June 26, 2006, accessed January 26, 2017 .
  40. a b Religion - Is ridicule a criminal offense? In: Der Spiegel . No. 37 , 2007 ( online - 10 September 2007 ).
  41. ^ Caroline Schmidt and Peter Wensierski: Christians: Lonely Crusade . In: Der Spiegel . No. 26 , 2006 ( online - 26 June 2006 ).
  42. Inquiry response. (PDF) Republic of Austria, April 23, 2012, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  43. Edmund Stoiber. Québec Governorate, accessed January 26, 2017 (French).
  44. Dr. Edmund Stoiber received the highest national award. State of Salzburg, January 29, 2004, accessed June 7, 2017 .
  45. Mattarella all'inaugurazione dell'anno Giudiziario della Corte Suprema di Cassazione. Presidenza dellaRepubblica, accessed January 26, 2017 (Italian).
  46. State correspondence no. 240 of October 17, 2007. State of Upper Austria, October 2017, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  47. Edmund Stoiber is now an honorary doctor in South Korea. Hamburger Abendblatt, March 27, 2007, accessed on January 26, 2017 .
  48. Longstanding Prime Minister receives the highest award from the Technical University of Munich - Dr. Edmund Stoiber becomes honorary senator. TU Munich, December 1, 2017, accessed on September 15, 2018 .
  49. Edmund Stoiber receives Grand Order of Merit from Hungary , November 8, 2019.