Heppenheim district

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Hessen in 1930
Map of the province of Starkenburg

The Heppenheim district was the forerunner of today 's Bergstrasse district as the former district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse and in the People's State of Hesse in the province of Starkenburg . It existed from September 21, 1832 to November 1, 1938. The district town was Heppenheim .

On November 1, 1938, the neighboring district of Bensheim was dissolved and mainly incorporated into the district of Heppenheim, which also became its legal successor. At the same time, the district was renamed the Bergstrasse district (later: Bergstrasse district) and still exists today. Heppenheim remained a district town.

prehistory

The district's predecessor was the Kurmainzer Oberamt Starkenburg with its seat in Heppenheim and, since the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the reduced Amt Heppenheim.

Classification of the district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse

Together with the districts of Bensheim, Darmstadt , Dieburg , Erbach , Groß-Gerau and Offenbach , and at times the districts of Lindenfels , Neustadt and Wimpfen , the district of Heppenheim formed the province of Starkenburg , which in turn, together with the provinces of Upper Hesse and Rheinhessen, represented the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

history

After the re-establishment of the provinces in the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1815, offices were initially planned as an administrative unit. In southern Hesse these were the offices of Bensheim, Fürth, Gernsheim, Heppenheim, Hirschhorn, Kürnbach (Wimpfen), Lampertheim, Lindenfels, Lorsch, Pfungstadt, Schönberg, Seeheim, Wald-Michelbach, Wimpfen and Zwingenberg. These offices were then combined into larger administrative units.

After the proclamation of the constitution of the Grand Duchy of Hesse on December 17, 1820, a comprehensive administrative reform followed on July 14, 1821. Instead of the offices, districts were now set up. These were the precursors of the circles. In the area of ​​today's Bergstrasse district, the districts of Bensheim , Heppenheim , Hirschhorn and Lindenfels , as well as Wimpfen with the office of Kürnbach, were formed as an exclave in Baden.

The entry into force of a regulation of the Darmstadt government on 15 October 1832 from the original District District Bensheim and the District Administrator District Heppenheim who, without Heppenheim, county Bensheim formed.
After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg . Heppenheim was intended to be incorporated into the Bensheim district, and its district administration was to be part of the Bensheim district. Even before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as the second district, from the Hirschhorn and Lindenfels districts, instead of the Lindenfels district, and the city of Heppenheim was spun off from the Bensheim district and was incorporated into the district of Heppenheim. The Wimpfen district remained an independent administrative district as an exclave in Baden.

With the Grand Ducal Government Ordinance No. 37 of December 31, 1839, with effect from January 15, 1940, the following locations in the Schönberger and Zeller valleys were separated from the Heppenheim district and added to the Bensheim district:

Schönberg , Zell , Gronau , Elmshausen , Wilmshausen , Reichenbach , Hohenstein (today a forester's house in the Reichenbach district) , Lautern , Gadernheim , Oder- and Unter-Raidelbach with the associated farms, mills and individual houses.
The same ordinance decreed that the places Viernheim and Lampertheim with Hüttenfeld and the associated courtyards and individual houses from the Bensheim district to the Heppenheim district.

On July 31, 1848, the two districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were then merged to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . The district of Wimpfen was incorporated into the administrative district of Erbach . However, this administrative reform only lasted four years, because on May 12, 1852 the division into administrative districts was lifted again. A newly delimited district of Heppenheim was created, consisting of the district court district of Lorsch.

On August 1, 1865, the towns of Hirschhorn and Neckarsteinach and the communities of Darsberg , Grein , Langenthal and Neckarhausen were reclassified from the Lindenfels district to the Heppenheim district.

In the course of the reform of the district constitution in the Grand Duchy of Hesse based on the Prussian model in 1874, there were extensive changes to the area:

The share in the municipality of Kürnbach, which had belonged to the Heppenheim district since 1874, was assigned to the Bretten District Office in the Grand Duchy of Baden on January 1, 1905 . In return, the municipality-free area of Michelbuch in Baden moved to the Heppenheim district.

On November 1, 1938, a decisive regional reform was carried out in Hesse. Most of the Bensheim district that was dissolved in the process was incorporated into the Heppenheim district, which also became the legal successor to the Bensheim district. The new administrative unit was renamed the Bergstrasse district . As “compensation” for the lost district seat, Bensheim received the district leadership of the NSDAP .

After the end of the war, a dispute broke out between the two traditionally rival cities of Bensheim and Heppenheim over the district seat. It was not until 1956 that Heppenheim was finally confirmed as a district town.

District administrators

Population numbers

The development of the population in the district of Heppenheim:

date population
1852 24,027
1900 47,083
1910 51.909
1925 55,087
1933 59,000

Communities

The following communities belonged to the district of Heppenheim:

Since 1905, the municipality-free area Michelbuch also belonged to the Heppenheim district.

literature

  • Bergstraße district - history, economy and culture in twelve centuries , published by the Bergstraße district committee, 1988

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State of Hesse 1939
  2. ↑ GenWiki district of Heppenheim
  3. ↑ District and district offices (1816–1968)  (HStAD inventory G 15 series). In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen).
  4. ↑ Karin Müller, Werner Moritz, Christian Mo 30, Dr. Klaus-Dieter Rack, Hans Dieter Ebert:  REGIERUNG DER PROVINZ STARKENBURG  (= Repertories Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt ) holdings G 14 A (PDF; 153 kB). In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), status: November 2006, accessed on September 13, 2016.
  5. ↑ District change with regard to the Bensheim and Heppenheim districts, ... from December 26, 1839 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior and Justice (Ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1839 no. 37 , p. 480 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 72.2 MB ]).
  6. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  7. ^ A b Philipp AF Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse by history, country, people, state and locality. 1854, accessed March 2, 2016 .
  8. ↑ Großherzoglich-Hessisches Regierungsblatt 1865, No. 31, p. 590 Future composition of the districts Heppenheim and Lindenfels
  9. ^ Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1865, No. 31, p. 594 The change of territory came into force in 1865
  10. ^ Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette . No. 28 . Darmstadt June 12, 1874, p. 247 ( digitized version ).
  11. ↑ 175 years of BA - 175 headlines. (PDF; 9.0 MB) The creation of the Bergstrasse district. In: Morgenweb. Bergsträßer Anzeiger, 2007, p. 109 , archived from the original on December 20, 2014 ; Retrieved February 9, 2015 .
  12. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. District Heppenheim. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  13. ^ Uli Schubert: Municipal directory 1910 . ( HTML [accessed March 10, 2016]).