Wimpfen District District

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Territory of the Wimpfen district

The Wimpfen district was a district in the Starkenburg province of the Grand Duchy of Hesse with its seat in Wimpfen . Founded in 1821, it existed under this name until 1832. He was then formally part of the Lindenfels district and in 1848 was part of the Erbach administrative district .

Geographical location

The district of Wimpfen was shaped in its relationship to the rest of the Grand Duchy by the fact that it formed an exclave in the extreme south of the country. It was sandwiched between the Grand Duchy of Baden and the Kingdom of Württemberg and consisted of several completely separate areas that did not border one another, one so small that it was not even inhabited.

history

founding

In the course of the administrative reform of 1821 in the Grand Duchy, jurisdiction and administration were also separated at the lower level , and the tasks of the traditional offices were reorganized in district districts (responsible for administration) and district courts (responsible for jurisdiction). The district of Wimpfen emerged from it

The tasks of the judiciary of the first instance , which had carried out the now dissolved offices, were transferred to the newly established Wimpfen Regional Court .

Further development

In a further administrative reform in 1832, the administrative districts were combined into districts . The district of Wimpfen merged with the districts of Lindenfels and Hirschhorn in the new district of Lindenfels .

Due to the remote location of the former Wimpfen district , this reform was not really implemented. He retained a special status and was not fully integrated into the Lindenfels district. Rather, the previous district administrator continued to serve and received the title of "district administrator".

The End

This construct was lost in the March Revolution of 1848, when only administrative districts were established across the whole of the Grand Duchy as the middle level between the state government and the municipalities. This regional reform was reversed after the victory of the restorative forces in the reaction era in 1852, but now - consequently - an independent district of Wimpfen has been created.

organization

structure

The district council consisted of five areas, all exclaves in relation to the main mass of the state area. All of these areas belonged to the "dominiallands", the areas of the state that were free from patrimonial sovereign rights. Nevertheless, they were completely different in terms of their structure. The Wimpfen district consisted of

  1. the town of Wimpfen with
    * Wimpfen im Thal , a suburb, and
    * the village of Hohenstadt ,
  2. the Hessian part of Helmhof ,
  3. the Finkenhof , 12 km north of Wimpfen,
  4. the Zimmerhöferfeld, an uninhabited, agricultural area north of Bad Rappenau ,
  5. the Hessian share in the condominium Kürnbach shared with the Grand Duchy of Baden .

The district of Wimpfen was divided into two mayor's offices , which were subordinate to the district administrator. It was common across the country for a mayor's office to administer several localities. In accordance with the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, the municipalities were headed by an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council. The two mayorships were:

  • Wimpfen, which included the locations 1 to 4 above, and
  • Kürnbach.

staff

Parallel specialist administrations

Finances

For the income from state property (the so-called domains ) there were the rent offices . The district places together form the Wimpfen reception .

The tax administration was separate from this. The Hirschhorn tax district, which belonged to the Bensheim administration, was responsible for the district administration . The district council formed a district tax office.

The district was not assigned to a customs district.

Forest

The forest administration of the Seligenstadt district was taken care of by the Heppenheim forest , to which the forest district Wimpfen with the places Wimpfen am Berg, Wimpfen im Thal, Hohstadt, Helmhof, Finkenhof, Kohlhütte and Kürnbach belonged.

church

The church administration in the district consisted of the following Lutheran parishes: 1 Kürnbach; 2 Wimpfen am Berg with Wimpfen im Thal, Hohstadt and Helmhof. They weren't assigned to an inspectorate. There was a Catholic parish in Wimpfen am Berg with a branch in Wimpfen im Thal. It was not assigned to any land chapter .

Historical description

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 on the district of Wimpfen:

The location and boundaries are described as: “The district consists of four different separate parts which are up to four hours apart. The main part is that which contains the town of Wimpfen and is bounded on three sides by the Neckar and the adjacent Grand Duchy of Baden. This part lies about ten hours from the southernmost limit of the mainland of the Starkenburg province. The other two parts, consisting of two equally separate courtyards, lie northwest of Wimpfen, and are entirely surrounded by parts of Baden. The fourth part, Kürnbach, is located to the south-west of Wimpfen and about 4 hours of it, surrounded by Würtemberg and Baden. The first three parts are between 49 ° 13 'and 49 ° 22' north latitude and between 26 ° 39 'and 26 ° 52' east longitude. "

The natural condition as: “a) Surface and soil: The district consists of undulating hills. The quality of the soil is fairly uniform, it is neither particularly fertile nor particularly sterile. b) Waters: The Neckar delimits the main part of the district. The Helmhof is touched by the Rodenhach. "

The population as: "This amounts to 3985 souls, among these are 3704 Lutherans, 222 Catholics, 8 Reformists, 9 Mennonites and 42 Jews who together inhabit 1 town, 1 market town, 3 villages, and 486 houses in total."

The natural products as: “134 horses, 8 missing, 8 bulls, 159 oxen, 591 cows, 548 cattle, 608 pigs, 1360 sheep, 87 goats, 14 donkeys. Fishes; Husk , barley, oats, hemp, Reys, tobacco, hops, some wine; Rock salt. "

Trade and commerce as: “Agriculture, cattle breeding, craftsmen, trade and shipping. The Ludwigshall salt works in Wimpfen employs many hands. There is a snuff factory in Wimpfen; There are also several mills in the district, including a gypsum mill. The market in Wimpfen im Thal is famous far and wide, and is called the cloth market because of the many linen walls that are sold here. "

See also

literature

  • Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893.
  • Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . Volume 1. Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1829.

Remarks

  1. ^ The place "Kohlhütte", also mentioned in Wagner, p. 263, could not be identified.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde (Hrsg.): Geschichtlicher Atlas von Hessen . Marburg 1960–1978, plate 25a.
  2. ↑ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 407.
  3. ↑ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 407.
  4. ^ Ordinance on the formation of circles in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse on June 6, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 74, September 5, 1832, pp. 561–563 (562).
  5. ^ Announcement by the district administration in the districts of Wimpfen and Vöhl on August 20, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 74, September 5, 1832, p. 564.
  6. ↑ Law on the organization of the administrative authorities subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior concerning July 31, 1848. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 38 of August 3, 1848, pp. 217–225 (219).
  7. ↑ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 30, May 20, 1852, pp. 224–228 (227).
  8. ^ Wagner, p. 263.
  9. ↑ Schmidt, p. 112.
  10. ^ Wagner, p. 263.
  11. ^ Wagner, p. 263.
  12. ^ Wagner, p. 263.
  13. ^ Wagner, p. 264.
  14. ^ Wagner, pp. 262-264.