Mayorry (Grand Duchy of Hesse)

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Seal mark Gr. Hess. Mayor's Office Bensheim

The mayor's office in the Grand Duchy of Hesse was a municipality with its own mayor or an amalgamation of (smaller) municipalities under a common mayor.

prehistory

In the Grand Duchy of Hesse , a mayor appointed by the government of the Grand Duchy of Hesse was originally at the head of the municipalities.

Reform of 1821

The administration at the community level was re-regulated by the municipal code of June 30, 1821. Mayor's offices were set up for single or multiple locations. These should have at least 400 to 500 inhabitants. Correspondingly, larger towns formed their own mayor's offices and smaller towns were merged into a common mayor's office. In 1831 the whole Grand Duchy consisted of 1092 parishes, which were divided into 732 mayorries.

At the head of the mayor's office was an elected local council, which consisted of the mayor, aldermen and the local council. The male residents (there was currently no right to vote for women ) elected three people, from whom the authorities then selected the mayor. In the areas of the country in which the state held all sovereign rights ( Dominiallande ), this was done by the government, in territorial lordship or where patrimonial courts (still) existed, these were the corresponding nobles. Over the years, the state made agreements with the civil and patrimonial judges, according to which their powers were transferred to the state. The March Revolution of 1848 ended the privileges of the class lords and abolished patrimonial jurisdiction.

The mayor's term of office was six years and re-election was possible. The mayor's office was an honorary post . If the mayor was unable to attend, the alderman took his place. In mayorries that consisted of several places, each of these places had an alderman.

Supervision of the mayors in the provinces of Upper Hesse and Starkenburg was carried out by the district administrator , and after a further administrative reform in 1832, the district council . In the smallest province, Rheinhessen , this administrative level did not exist and the mayors were directly subordinate to the provincial government.

Reform of 1875

The mayor's term of office has now been set at nine years. The elected mayors had to be confirmed by the district council. If this refused, the district committee could make the confirmation. If this refused again, there was a new election. If even then there was no confirmation, the Interior Ministry appointed a mayor for three years.

Changes in the affiliation of municipalities to mayorries required the approval of the Interior Ministry.

Reform of 1911

According to the Hessian city regulations (for municipalities with more than 15,000 inhabitants) and the Hessian rural municipality regulations - both from 1911 - the municipal administrative authority used the designation mayor's office .

After the November Revolution of 1918, the local elections in the People's State of Hesse were held in 1919/1920 by universal suffrage. For the first time women were given the right to vote.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wagner.
  2. ↑ Law relating to the municipal code of July 9, 1821 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1821 No. 29 , p. 355–378 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 56.7 MB ]).
  3. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  4. ↑ Wagner.
  5. ↑ Wagner.
  6. ^ Act, the rural community order for the Grand Duchy of Hesse concerning January 11, 1875.
  7. ↑ Law relating to the city regulations of July 8, 1911. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt 1911. Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1911.
  8. ↑ Law concerning the rural community order of July 8, 1911. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt 1911. Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1911.