Darmstadt District District

The district of Darmstadt was a district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse with its seat in Darmstadt and existed from 1821 to 1832. In 1832 it was renamed " Kreis Darmstadt ".

history

Emergence

In the course of the administrative reform of 1821 in the Grand Duchy, jurisdiction and administration were also separated at the lower level , and the tasks of the traditional offices were reorganized in district districts - responsible for administration - and district court districts - responsible for jurisdiction. The Darmstadt district council arose from:

• the residential city of Darmstadt,
• the Darmstadt office with assessments and
• some other settlement areas .

The case law of the first instance now took place independently of the administration of the district administration by the Darmstadt City Court .

resolution

In the regional reform of 1832, the district councils were dissolved and merged into larger districts . Shortly afterwards, their layout was defined in a further regulation . The Darmstadt District District was an exception in that there was no merger here: The “Darmstadt District District” was simply renamed “Darmstadt District”.

people

• Friedrich Hallwachs (1821–1832)

Parallel administrations

Finances

The district belonged to the Darmstadt Obereinehmerei and consisted of the Darmstadt district collection department with Bessungen and the Neu-Isenburg main customs office with the secondary customs office in Darmstadt.

Forest

The forest administration of the district of Darmstadt was carried out via the Darmstadt forest with the following four forest districts :

• Bessungen with Darmstadt
• Lime kiln with Arheilgen, Erzhausen, Weiterstadt and Wixhausen (all places from the district of Langen )
• Messel with Münster and Urberach (from the districts of Langen and Offenbach)
• Steinbrücker pond.

church

The church administration consisted of the Darmstadt inspectorate with all Protestant parishes in Darmstadt and the Lutheran parish of Bessungen. The Einsiedel, Leimenhaus and Scheffthum houses belonged to the Roßdorf parish of the Reinheim inspectorate . The Catholic parish was not assigned to any rural chapter.

Historical description

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 on the Darmstadt district:

• to the location:

“Residence and capital; lies in a plane bounded by the foothills of the Odenwald, the Rhine and Main, where the roads from Frankfurt through the Bergstrasse and from the Rhine through the Odenwald cross each other and are below 49 ° 52 '24 ″ north latitude and below 26 ° 19 ′ 30 ″ east longitude, such as 494 Hess. Feet (0.25 m) above the sea level. The city is the seat of all central, provincial and district authorities of the Grand Duchy, the province and the district, has more than 1 St. in size and takes its name from the little brook gut . "

• to the population:

“This was in the year 1828, excluding the military officer who cannot be regarded as resident. however, including the buildings within the city limits, 21,392 souls. This population includes: under 14 years of age, 3107 boys; Girls 3131; over 14 years of age, male 5522; female 6293; in factories, domestic; 790 foreigners 474; Servants, namely: male residents 269; Foreigners 103; female: residents 1421; Foreigners 282; total males 10,265; female 11,127. In the years 1825, 1826 and 1827 the average number of births was 696; of the copulated 132 pairs; the deceased 497. Of this population, 4423 belong to the court and state servants; 8885 to citizenship; 2933 are military personnel; 656 are tolerated. According to religion, there are 17,969 Lutherans among this population; 831 Reformists, 2060 Catholics and 532 Jews, who live in 1267 houses. "

• to religion:

“The Evangelical Lutheran parish consists of 3 parishes, the court parish, the city parish and the garrison parish. The court parish is occupied by 2 clergymen who hold the title court preacher. The city parish includes the other residents with the exception of the military and is staffed with 3 clergymen, the first of whom is also inspector. The garrison parish includes all members of the military who belong to the Protestant and Lutheran faith and has a preacher. The Reformed church congregation received free practice of its cult in 1770 and has a preacher. The Catholic parish received free worship in 1790. This church has a pastor who has assisted the chaplain and the garrison chaplain. The Jews form their own constituted branch of religion, the synagogue of which is only a local synagogue. The rabbi is the city and country authority. "

• to trade and commerce:

“The main branches of food are commercial industry, trade and agriculture and horticulture. Here you will find 2 tobacco and 2 wax light factories, a wallpaper, a silverware, a shoe factory, a factory in colored paper, then carriages, chairs, umbrellas, starch, thread, flowers and playing card manufacturers; 2 bookshops, 8 book printers, 3 copper and stone printing works; several very skilled engravers; a lithographic and a zinc graphic institute, of which the former, which is a state institution, delivers splendid works. Excellent mathematical and physical instruments are made here. 19 instrument makers manufacture musical instruments such as flutes, clarinets, bassoons, organs, good bow instruments, fortepiano's, pianos. You can also find engravers, gold and silver workers. Lakirers, gilders, gold embroiderers, gun and fire syringe makers, bell founders, coppersmiths, art turner, hat and cloth makers, stocking weavers, whitewashers and the other trades in large numbers. Horticulture is particularly strong. The trade is limited to retail sales and grocery shopping. Weekly markets are 2, then a week a fruit, hay and straw market and 2 annual markets, each of which lasts 14 days. The court, the authorities, the garrison and the many buildings make a lot of income, just as the largest inflow of money is in Darmstadt. "

literature

• Willi Görich : Administrative division 1821 [map] = plate 25a. In: Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde (Hrsg.): Geschichtlicher Atlas von Hessen . Marburg 1960–1978. Digitized
• Ulrich Reuling : Administrative division 1821–1955. With an appendix on the administrative area reform in Hesse 1968–1981 . In: Fred Schwind (Ed.): Historical Atlas of Hessen. Text and explanatory volume . Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1984. ISBN 3-921254-95-7 digitized version (PDF)

Remarks

1. ↑ The following are named by name: The forester's lodge at Böllenfalltor , the Kranichstein hunting lodge , the Einsiedel and Schefftum houses, the Carlshof and the Gehaborn court ( ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 403).

Individual evidence

1. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette, No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 403.
2. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette, No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 403.
3. ↑ Art. 1 Edict, the organization of the government authorities subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior and Justice, relating to June 6, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 55 of July 4, 1832, pp. 365–376.
4. ^ Ordinance on the formation of circles in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse on August 20, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 74, September 5, 1832, pp. 561-563 (561).
5. ↑ ^{a b c d} Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, p. 34 ff . ( Text archive - Internet Archive ).