Darmbach
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Darmbach Landwehr |
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 Darmbach in its headwaters, below the fishing ponds |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 23986 | |
| location | Germany | |
| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Landgraben → Schwarzbach → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | 300 m southwest of the Stellkopf near Ober-Ramstadt 49 ° 51 ′ 13 ″ N , 8 ° 42 ′ 41 ″ E |
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| Source height | 208 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | near Trebur in den Schwarzbach (2398) Coordinates: 49 ° 55 '21 " N , 8 ° 23' 46" E 49 ° 55 '21 " N , 8 ° 23' 46" E |
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| Mouth height | 83 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | 125 m | |
| Bottom slope | 2.2 ‰ | |
| length | 56.6 km | |
| Catchment area | 145.19 km² | |
| Discharge A Eo : 145.19 km² at the mouth |
MNQ MQ Mq |
390.9 l / s 919.8 l / s 6.3 l / (s km²) |
| Left tributaries | Scheidgraben | |
| Right tributaries | Worse dig | |
| Flowing lakes | Oberjägermeisterteich; a nameless little pond created in front of the forest ponds; the
5 forest ponds (fish ponds at the fisherman's hut) and the Great Woog |
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| Big cities | Darmstadt | |
The Darmbach is a tributary of the Landgraben , a body of water in the Hessian Rhine plain . It is the largest natural river in downtown Darmstadt . Below Darmstadt, the Darmbach changes its name to Landwehr .
Data
The Darmbach is a body of water III. Order . It is in the area of responsibility of the Darmstadt State Environmental Agency of the Darmstadt Regional Council. The natural catchment area of the Darmbach / Landwehr is 145.19 km 2 . In addition, a considerable part of the rainwater comes from the Darmstadt urban area.
The water flow of the Darmbach above Darmstadt was around 25 liters per second or an average of around 730,000 cubic meters per year (as of 2005). After the dairy creek was reconnected , it increased to around 970,000 cubic meters per year. In dry years, the Darmbach can dry up here for a few weeks. The water flow below Darmstadt is much larger, because this is where the city's sewage treatment plant drains and those of the Merck company are initiated.
Location and course
The Darmbach rises from the Darmstadt Ostwald. There the Darmbach is fed by several sources. The contained Darmbach spring (also called Darmquelle ) is located approx. 300 m southwest of the 230.5 m high Stellkopf in the district of Ober-Ramstadt , a few meters above the Oberjägermeisterteich , which is fed by the Darmbach. This walled Darmbach spring is not identical with the main spring furthest away from the mouth. About 600 m from the source, the Darmbach is dammed into five fish ponds. It flows through the Darmbachaue nature reserve past the Lichtwiese , a location of the TU Darmstadt , coming from the east into the science city of Darmstadt. There the Darmbach was originally dammed into the extinguishing water pond and amusement water park Großer Woog (now a natural swimming lake). Less than 200 meters behind the Great Woog the Darmbach is in the Darmstadt sewer initiated and engaged with the waste water into the municipal central sewage treatment plant in the northwest of the city between Gräfenhäuser and Mainzerstraße. The cleaned outflow of the central sewage treatment plant currently represents the "rebirth" of the Darmbach. Behind Mainzer Strasse, the Darmbach then leaves the Darmstadt urban area and continues to flow in a straight line in a westerly direction. From the Triesch flood retention basin , located approx. 3.5 km west of Darmstadt or northeast of Griesheim , the water changes its name to Landwehr and flows north of Griesheim near Büttelborn into the Landgraben . West of Büttelborn the Landgraben receives the Scheidgraben from the left and the Schlimmergraben (also: Schlimmer Graben ) from the right . Then it flows into the Schwarzbach at Trebur , which in turn flows into the Rhine at Ginsheim-Gustavsburg .
Darmstadt is one of the few major German cities that is not on a steadily flowing river ; the Darmbach is the largest flowing body of water in Darmstadt - next to the Modau , which flows through the southern district of Eberstadt .
Water freight in the summer months
The Darmbach crosses seven ponds just a few meters after its source. First it flows through the Oberjägermeisterteich (owned by the Traisaer fishing club), then the pond on the southeastern edge of the fish ponds (without a name) and the total of 5 fish ponds at the fisherman's hut, which belong to the Darmstadt Anglers' Association and are also called 'forest ponds'. These forest ponds were created in the early 1960s.
When it is very hot and dry, the ponds play a decisive role in the water load of the Darmbach. Although the ponds have become indispensable and are of great importance as a biotope, excursion, recreation and club area, they are the actual main reason that the Darmbach in summer in its further course towards Lichtwiese, Botanical Garden and Großer Woog very little Water leads. The evaporation rate of Darmbach water in the ponds is so high in summer that the water level sinks considerably and sometimes even falls below the overflow edges of the monks in the individual ponds. This means that no or significantly less water is released into the Darmbach and parts of the river bed are therefore dry. Due to the additional natural evaporation and seepage in the bed of the Darmbach, the water shortage is exacerbated during long and long periods of heat.
Even the further inflows of the Darmbach, such as the water from the Albertsbrunnen, are usually not able to guarantee complete wetting of the remaining Darmbach bed up to the Großer Woog in dry summers. The sealing of the adjoining areas of the TU Darmstadt and the resulting lack of rain, which in the past also largely supplied the Darmbach with water, mean that additional water is withheld or withdrawn from Darmstadt's Stadtbach.
Due to these facts, it is extremely important that water from the Meiereibach that does not dry up during the summer months from the Dreibrunnenquelle am Oberfeld to the Darmbach at the level of the Botanical Garden is returned to the Darmbach in order to enable a regulated inflow into the Großer Woog and outflow from the Großer Woog .
history
In 1585 the brook flowing over the Darmstadt market was covered. In 1602 the first permanent structure was completed and as early as 1786 the Darmbach in downtown Darmstadt was completely laid underground. This was 100 years before Darmstadt got a sewer system. As in many other cities, a natural flowing water had been degraded to a sewer.
The origin of the name Darmbach is unknown. The water body has had this name for around 200 years. Contrary to popular belief, the Darmbach does not give the city of Darmstadt its name.
The Oberjägermeisterteich was created in 1700 by order of the then chief forest and chief hunter and later Hessian privy councilor and prime minister of Minnigerode . Originally there were three small ponds. In 1823 the middle and lower ponds were drained and trees were planted. The Obere Jägermeisterteich has been preserved as the Oberjägermeisterteich to this day . In 1999 the pond was extensively renovated.
In 2015 the Darmbach tunnel under the Woog dam was placed under monument protection.
Exposure
In October 2001 a feasibility study showed that the technical and financial disclosure (restoration) of the Darmbach is possible. An open planning process began following the study. In the inner city area, a flow route deviating from the former course was planned for various reasons, especially urban planning.
According to the original plan, the Darmbach from the Großer Woog via the Herrngarten to an existing creek water channel on the Carl-Schenck-Ring was to be re-established largely as an open creek. This should increase the attractiveness of the city and relieve the central sewage treatment plant. Local Agenda 21 in Darmstadt campaigned for the disclosure . According to the original planning, the flow path of the Darmbach through the city was 3650 m, half of which should be exposed. This future route of the Darmbach through the city was developed from a variety of alternatives in an open planning process.
The management of the stream was optimized with the aim of saving money and increasing acceptance among the citizens. The length of the new stream was reduced to around 3,225 m, of which 274 m had been built by summer 2015 and 2,950 m had been planned. Around 40 percent should be in open sections and around 60 percent in new pipe connections.
The overall planning also includes the restoration of the Meiereibach, a tributary of the Darmbach that was also introduced into the municipal sewerage system in 2015.
As of May 2015, the city estimated the construction costs of the entire project at 6,972,000 euros, the additional operating costs at 71,000 euros per year, plus the cost of restoring the dairy creek of 166,000 euros.
The money invested in disclosure can flow back through a reduction in wastewater costs. The Darmbach is currently mixed with sewage as it runs underground through the city and discharged into the sewage treatment plant, which causes annual wastewater costs of around 2.185 million euros on average, which the city will lose with the restoration. From 1995 up to and including 2016, the city of Darmstadt paid 55,048,390.57 euros for the discharge of Darmbach and Meiereibach into the sewer system . The calculation of the wastewater fees assumes wastewater costs of 1,729,000 euros for each of the years 2017 to 2018. Because the fixed costs of the sewage treatment plant are very high, the savings in wastewater disposal are only around 210,000 euros. As a result, after the disclosure in 2017, there will be an increase in wastewater charges.
With the construction of the Darmstadtium Congress Center , measures to build the new open flow path began. A first section, approx. 100 m long, was completed at the end of 2007. Because there was no connection, a small amount of rainwater was artificially circulated. After its restoration, the Darmbach should flow openly between Landgraf-Georg-Strasse and Alexanderstrasse, past the darmstadtium and through the Herrngarten. Further piped sections totaling 174 m in length were built under the Karolinenplatz and under the Carl-Schenck-Ring.
Since the Darmbach carries a small amount of water in dry times, the reconnection of the Meiereibach is planned. This natural inflow to the Darmbach was separated from the Darmbach in the 1970s when a road tunnel was built for federal highway 26 . Since then, the water from the Meiereibach has also flowed into the combined sewer system and is missing from the Darmbach. The water flow in the Meiereibach is very evenly distributed over the year at 4 to 10 liters per second and has therefore always been an important factor for the water flow in the Darmbach. However, due to the former intensive agriculture in its catchment area, the Meiereibach is still polluted with nitrogen and phosphates. The renaturation of the stream, which has now been carried out, as well as the conversion of intensive farming to ecological agriculture, as well as additional measures to be carried out, a significant reduction in the previous values is expected. The Meiereibach is the outflow of the Dreibrunnenquelle on the Oberfeld .
The planned exposure of the Darmbach is a very intense and controversial topic in Darmstadt.
In a report by TUD professor Peter Cornel, which became known on March 12, 2008 , he stated that the disclosure and separation of the Darmbach would not achieve a decisive improvement in the function of the sewage treatment plant, which alone would justify the investment of the remaining sum of the project. The project has been declared over. An economic comparison of the wastewater charges to be paid continuously by the city for the discharge of the stream with the remaining investment sum was not politically considered to be decisive.
On November 13, 2013, test results on the profitability of the decoupling of the stream water from the sewer network were presented. Accordingly, taking into account all cost aspects (investment and operating costs, savings, chargebacks, etc.), stream water decoupling is associated with annual savings of 1.7 million euros; Money that the city can use for other purposes. Because of the proven economic efficiency and because of the other advantages in urban design, identity formation / historical aspects and ecological aspects, the planning to decouple Darmbach and Meiereibach was resumed.
First, in addition to the implementation plan drawn up before the planning stop, alternative plans were developed. B. with higher proportions of piped sections or shorter route lengths aim to save further investments and operating costs. A shortened route variant was decided in July 2015. The plan is to draw up the planning and obtain the necessary permits in 2015 and 2016, and then to begin construction. Effects on the fee requirement calculation only arise after the entire new flow path has been established.
The Darmbach renaturation in the Vivarium / Lichtwiese area and the renaturation of the Meiereibach were implemented. Both measures, regardless of the disclosure project in the city center, are of great importance for the summer water quality of the Großer Woog swimming lake .
literature
- Thomas Deuster: Waters in and around Darmstadt. 2nd Edition. 2008, ISBN 978-3-87820-130-4 .
Web links
- Website on Darmbach with future progress
- Darmbach eV Darmstädter association with the goal of the association to return the citizens of Darmstadt their brook as clean water
- Water profile and program of measures 23986.1 ( Memento from January 1, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) ( Notes ) → Overview of all Hessian river systems (PDF, 1.7 MB) Landgraben / Griesheim
- Water profile and program of measures 23986.2 ( Memento from January 1, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) ( Notes ) → Overview of all Hessian river systems (PDF, 1.7 MB) Darmbach / Darmstadt
- Water profile and program of measures 23986.3 ( Memento from January 1, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) ( Notes ) → Overview of all Hessian river systems (PDF, 1.7 MB) Darmbach
- Overview map with water body numbers (PDF file; 4.73 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Topographic map 1: 25,000 and WFD database
- ↑ a b c Retention cadastre - Darmbach / Landwehr river area (PDF file; 2.5 MB)
- ^ E. Fischer, W. Klump: Aquatic area directory of the state of Hessen. Hessian State Institute for the Environment, Wiesbaden 1988.
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, City of Science Darmstadt, stream water inflows into the sewer system
- ^ BGS Wasser, Darmstadt, Gewässergestaltung Darmbach - Disclosure Darmbach with connection Meiereibach December 1, 2006.
- ↑ a b The Darmbach. Who knows all of Darmbach? ( Memento from June 22, 2007 in the web archive archive.today ) In: Darmstädter Echo. December 3, 2007.
- ↑ City of Darmstadt ( Memento from February 21, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF file; 3.5 MB), map of landscape protection areas, Darmbachquelle grid square L 12
- ↑ City Atlas Darmstadt and Surroundings, Official City Map Darmstadt, Surveying Office of the City of Science Darmstadt, Cartography Department, 2016, p. 34
- ^ Hessian State Office for Soil Management and Geoinformation: Topographical Map No. 6118, Darmstadt Ost, 2005.
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, Darmstadt City of Science, Darmbach-Bachwasserkanal
- ^ Deuster: Waters in and around Darmstadt. P. 241.
- ^ Deuster: Waters in and around Darmstadt. Pp. 137 and pp. 65-66.
- ^ Deuster: Waters in and around Darmstadt. Pp. 144-145 and pp. 124-127.
- ↑ K. Honold: Where does he come from, where does he want to go? In: Darmstädter Echo. December 3, 2007.
- ↑ Darmstädter Echo, Saturday, June 13, 2015, p. 13.
- ↑ dafacto.de, groundbreaking ceremony at darmstadtium: Start of construction for the disclosure of the Darmbach , from July 4, 2007 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, City of Science Darmstadt, sections (construction lots)
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, Darmstadt City of Science, Planning Advisory Board
- ↑ www.darmbach.de Darmstadt City of Science, Events - Citizen Participation
- ↑ Darmstadt City of Science, facts and figures
- ↑ Darmstadt City of Science, press archive, July 1, 2015
- ↑ a b c d e www.darmbach-ev.de, Darmbach eV, Magistratsvorlage 2015/0154 - Design of green spaces - Route variants Darmbach - Design of open spaces in Tiefen See / Carl-Schenck-Ring - Renovation Herrngarten , May 20, 2015 (PDF File; 214 kB)
- ↑ Darmstadt City of Science, press archive, July 1, 2015
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, facts and figures: discharge values 1995 to 2016 in connection with the respective fee rates euro / cubic meter
- ↑ www.darmstadt.de, Magistratsvorlage 2016/0420: Wastewater treatment here: Change of the wastewater contribution and fee statute as of January 1st, 2017
- ^ A b H. Schmidt: Darmstadt gets lost Darmbach back. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: rhein-main.net , July 7, 2007.
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, Darmstadt City of Science, Landgraf-Georg-Straße to Alexanderstraße (construction lot 5)
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, Darmstadt City of Science, earlier planning stages: Herrngarten
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, Darmstadt City of Science, section Meiereibach
- ^ S. Rummel: Darmbach is making waves. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. December 14, 2007.
- ↑ Darmbach: No influence on sewage treatment plant. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Darmbach is not disclosed. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Darmstädter Echo. March 13, 2008.
- ↑ The Darmbach is allowed to go up. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. June 14, 2008.
- ↑ www.darmbach.de, Darmstadt City of Science, Has the Darmbach project now ended?
