Darmstadt-Eberstadt

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Eberstadt
Independent city of Darmstadt
The Eberstadt coat of arms introduced in 1972
Coordinates: 49 ° 49 ′ 8 ″  N , 8 ° 38 ′ 42 ″  E
Height : 116 m above sea level NHN
Area : 18.1 km²
Residents : 23,153  (Dec. 31, 2014)
Population density : 1,279 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1937
Postal code : 64297
Area code : 06151
map
Location of Eberstadt within Darmstadt
Darmstadt – Eberstadt; Southwest facing
Darmstadt – Eberstadt; Southwest facing

Eberstadt (in the local dialect: Ewwerscht) is a district of the southern Hessian city ​​of Darmstadt , which is located in the south of the city and was incorporated together with Arheilgen in 1937.

geography

The Modau at the Kaisermühle (2010)

Eberstadt borders in the northeast on the Bessungen district , in the east on the municipality of Mühltal , in the south on the municipality Seeheim-Jugenheim , in the west on the city of Pfungstadt and in the northwest on the Heimstättensiedlung in the Darmstadt-West district . It is located on the eastern edge of the Upper Rhine Plain, at the intersection of the Bergstrasse with the Modau emerging from the Odenwald . To the south of the Modau, the local area is criss-crossed by inland dunes , which meet the granite of the Odenwald in the east . In the northeast, the Odenwald runs out as a hill country.

history

At the time of Charlemagne, Eberstadt was a small single farm settlement south of the Modau, at the intersection of two trade routes. The Roman road from Ladenburg to Seligenstadt already passed here. The first documentary mention in which a certain Walther and his wife Williswind transferred their property to the Lorsch Monastery , dates from September 1st, 782 . Perhaps that Franconian noble was also the founder of the former Laurentius Church, which has been structurally altered several times and still stands today as the Trinity Church on one of the sand dunes.

In the 13th century Eberstadt came to the Lords of Frankenstein . It remained in their possession for over 400 years. The Frankensteiners, whose castle is mentioned for the first time in 1252, were the local, court and church lords. They were buried in the old church, where tombstones, coats of arms and inscriptions still remember them today. The tough efforts of the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt to acquire the small lordship in front of their residence were successful in 1661. The Frankensteiners sold their property and moved to Middle Franconia.

In the Thirty Years' War the Swedes burned down almost the entire village in 1635. Many of the residents who were able to escape to fortified Darmstadt died there of the plague. The reconstruction took over 40 years.

In the 18th century the social situation of the inhabitants of Eberstadt improved. The lively tourist traffic through the town allowed trade and commerce to flourish, and many large inns sprang up along the main road. Goethe stopped at the “Zum Ochsen” inn and began his diary there with the words: “Eberstadt, October 30, 1775. Here would be the cornerstone of my diary ”.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Eberstadt in 1829:

»Eberstadt (L. Bez. Bensheim) market town; is located on the Modaubach, as well as on the Chaussee that runs from Darmstadt through the Bergstrasse, 3 ⁄ 1} 2  hours, from Bensheim and 2 hours from Darmstadt. The place has 203 houses and 1,792 inhabitants, who up to 31 Cath., 4 Reform. and 66 Jews are Lutheran. There are 67 farmers, 83 artisans, 8 traders and 60 day laborers among the population. You can find a church with tombstones of the Lords of Frankenstein, a town hall, in which the second school is, a newly established wool manufacture, in which several types of white woolen goods, Schwoneboy, fine flannels, espangolets, bed and horse blankets are made. Several machine spinning mills are associated with this manufacture. Eberstadt also has 11 mills. The inhabitants make a living from the milling industry, trading in flour, hulled barley and hulled millet. A lot of excellent beer is brewed here, including a kind of porter beer, and brandy distilling is lively. The so-called Eberstädter Wasser is known. - Eberstadt already appears in the 9th centennial, as well as in a document from 1002 under the name Herbestat . The place belonged to the Lord von Frankenstein, who had their castle nearby. Half of the village had come from the Lords of Frankenstein to the Lords of Schönburg, and Em. Mar. Wilhelm von Schönburg sold this half to Landgrave Georg II in 1661, along with a lot of scattered interest, for 2,000 florins and in 1662 the Frankensteiners sold them the other half along with the patronage to Landgrave Ludwig VI. There used to be a glassworks near the village. "

In the 19th century, the new Main-Neckar Railway and the beginning of industrialization helped Eberstadt to further develop. The population increased sharply, and a diverse club life was stirring. The town hall, built in 1847, still bears witness to the self-confidence of the up-and-coming community.

After 1900 Eberstadt had a good 6,000 inhabitants and had expanded in the north with a villa colony to the boundary of Darmstadt. A narrow-gauge suburban railway connected both places. A water, gas and electricity works, a public library, a public bath , a new cemetery hall and two new schools were built. More industry, including six breweries, settled in and street lighting was introduced. In 1914 the suburban railway was electrified and operated as a tram. This could only be extended as an overland railway to Seeheim and Jugenheim in 1936 .

On April 1, 1937, the previously independent community became part of Darmstadt.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Eberstadt was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

dishes

Eberstadt belonged to the center of Pfungstadt whose tasks were performed from around 1800 by the Pfungstadt office. In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords . The Pfungstadt Office was responsible for Eberstadt. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate . The main courts had lost their function.

With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Zwingenberg regional court was the court of first instance from 1821 . It followed:

Population development

• 1629: 0144 house seats
• 1730: 0832 inhabitants
• 1791: 0960 inhabitants
• 1800: 0960 inhabitants
• 1806: 1367 inhabitants, 190 houses
• 1829: 1729 inhabitants, 203 houses
• 1867: 2703 inhabitants, 321 houses
• 2011: 22,077 inhabitants
Eberstadt: Population from 1781 to 1925
year     Residents
1781
  
 960
1800
  
 960
1806
  
 1,367
1829
  
 1,729
1834
  
 1,940
1840
  
 2,078
1846
  
 2,390
1852
  
 2,443
1858
  
 2,498
1864
  
 2,577
1871
  
 2,861
1875
  
 3.116
1885
  
 3,689
1895
  
 4,338
1905
  
 6,386
1910
  
 7,442
1925
  
 8.097
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

coat of arms

The Eberstadt coat of arms, which is still used in local associations and in maintaining the homeland, goes back to the seal of the former local court. This court, set up by the Lords of Frankenstein, headed by a mayor, was responsible for the lower jurisdiction as well as for the certification of all legal transactions of the villagers. The oldest evidence of this seal is from October 1617 and shows a boar with three acorns.

Based on this template, the coat of arms in use today was designed in accordance with heraldic rules in 1972 . It shows a boar in the upper field and acorns in the lower. The upper half of the escutcheon is yellow, the lower half black, the boar dark red, its tusks are white. The colors red and gold are intended to indicate the colors of the Herren von Frankenstein.

When the seal first appeared is unknown. It is quite possible that seal impressions even older than that of 1617 can be found. The heraldic animal can easily be explained from the place name. The name Eberstadt in turn can possibly be traced back to a name, probably that of the Franconian nobleman who founded the settlement in the 7th or early 8th century.

Culture and sights

Regular events

theatre

  • West Side Theater

Eberstadt as namesake

The asteroid (425442) Eberstadt , which was discovered in 2010 at the Bergen-Enkheim observatory, is named after the Darmstadt-Eberstadt district .

Buildings

Residential tower and building ruins inside Frankenstein Castle
Orchards near the Prinzenberg

On the Frankenstein massif, southeast of Eberstadt, but on the Mühltaler district, near Nieder-Beerbach , lies Frankenstein Castle from the 13th century, which was acquired by the rule of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1662.

Churches and chapels

graveyard

Natural monuments and nature reserves

Economy and Infrastructure

education

Primary schools / primary level:

  • Anders school
  • Ludwig Schwamb School
  • Wilhelm Hauff School
  • Frankenstein School

School for learning assistance:

  • Mühltal School

Cooperative Comprehensive School:

traffic

Modaubrücke stop

railroad

With the Darmstadt-Eberstadt train station ⊙, the district has a rail connection to the Main-Neckar Railway . Until May 15, 1929, the station was called Eberstadt (Krs. Darmstadt) , then: Eberstadt (Bergstrasse) . On May 22, 1937, it was renamed again, now in Darmstadt-Eberstadt .

There are connections to Heidelberg and Mannheim via Bensheim and to Frankfurt via Darmstadt and Langen . The Pfungstadtbahn - a short branch line to Pfungstadt - branches off from track 3 ; it was discontinued for passenger traffic in 1955 (freight traffic followed in 1997) and was reopened in December 2011 as an extension of the Odenwaldbahn from Erbach to Darmstadt. Darmstadt-Eberstadt had a freight yard with loading stations, some of which are still operational. The station building, built in 1846, was demolished in March 1966 and replaced by a simple reception hall.

tram

The trams going north go to Darmstadt city center (lines 6 to 8) and to the main station (line 1). Lines 6 and 8 go south to Seeheim-Jugenheim and Alsbach-Hähnlein . This route is operated as an interurban tram . Public buses run within the district and to Pfungstadt , Mühltal and Mühltal- Nieder-Beerbach .

Street

Eberstadt is at the intersection of the B 3 and the B 426 . Both highways were moved out of town and onto a bypass. The Darmstadt-Eberstadt junction (until 2004: Pfungstadt) of the A 5 also flows into this .

Companies

Software AG headquarters (2010)

The company Software AG and Kao Germany are based in Darmstadt-Eberstadt.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Eberstadt  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Eberstadt on the city of Darmstadt's website
  2. ↑ Darmstädter Echo, Thursday, October 11, 2018, p. 13.
  3. ^ A b Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape  1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 57 ( online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Hermann Bürnheim / Jürgen Burmeister: trains and buses around the Langen Ludwig. City traffic in Darmstadt. 3rd edition Alba, Düsseldorf 1987, ISBN 3-87094-333-5 , p. 46.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Eberstadt, City of Darmstadt. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  8. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806)  HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  9. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  120 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  10. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  127 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  11. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 22 ( online at google books ).
  12. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  13. ↑ Darmstädter Echo, Thursday, October 4, 2018, p. 14.
  14. ↑ Darmstädter Echo, Saturday, October 13, 2018, p. 15.
  15. ^ West Side Theater. In: website. Accessed November 2018 .
  16. ^ Website of the Andersenschule
  17. ^ Website of the Ludwig Schwamb School
  18. ^ Website of the Wilhelm Hauff School
  19. ↑ Deutsche Reichsbahngesellschaft (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of March 30, 1929, No. 16, Announcement No. 191, p. 86.
  20. ↑ Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion Mainz of April 30, 1937, No. 24. Announcement No. 276, p. 137.
  21. ↑ RMV press release  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rmv.de  
  22. ^ Werner Kohlmann: 125 years of branch line Eberstadt - Pfungstadt. The history of the Pfungstadt train station from the planning to the opening in 1886 to the reopening in 2011 , self-published, Pfungstadt 2011, p. 76.