District District Breuberg

Breuberg Castle , the original seat of the district administrator

District office in Neustadt since 1837

The district of Breuberg was a district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . It existed from 1822 to 1848.

history

prehistory

In 1821, in those parts of the Grand Duchy in which the state had sole or predominantly sovereign rights, the offices were dissolved and district councils were formed. The central point of this reform was that, for the first time, jurisdiction and administration were also separated at the lower level of administration . At the same time, several offices were merged. Where these rights were - at least in part - in the hands of the local nobility ( “patrimonial rulers” ), this was not easy. In large parts of the Odenwald these rights were in the hands of the Counts of Erbach and the Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim .

founding

The negotiations between the state and the class lords dragged on and a settlement was not reached until 1822. The compromise consisted in separating the administration and the judiciary and formally adjusting the administrative structure to that of the rest of the Grand Duchy. However, the traditional rights of the noble families remained within this framework, which was expressed by the fact that the new district district received the designation "Grand Ducal Hessian Princely Löwenstein Werthheimischer and Graeflich Erbach Schoenberg District District District District Breuberg".

The End

The territorial reform in the Grand Duchy in 1832, when several districts were merged into districts , the districts dominated by the rulers remained unaffected.

The March Revolution of 1848 swept away the remaining civil privileges. Almost at the same time a regional reform took place again, in which all counties, the provinces and the remaining districts were abolished nationwide and only administrative districts were created nationwide as intermediate authorities. The district of Breuberg merged into the administrative district of Erbach . After the victory of the reaction , the Erbach administrative region was dissolved again in 1852. However, he retained the rights of the court lords and landlords that had fallen into the hands of the state in the course of the revolution. The area of the former district of Breuberg - with marginal corrections of local jurisdiction - in the Neustadt district .

organization

Components

The district of Breuberg was formed from:

the rule of Breuberg (owners of the patrimonial jurisdiction were the Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg and the Count of Erbach-Schönberg )
the Habitzheim office (the prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg was the holder of the patrimonial jurisdiction )
the office of king (the owner of the patrimonial jurisdiction was the count of Erbach-Schönberg )
In 1823 Hetschbach , whose patrimonial jurisdiction belonged to Baron von Wambold, was incorporated.

Inner organization

The official seat of the district of Breuberg was initially at Castle Breuberg - a high altitude for employees and users. On September 1, 1837, he was therefore relocated to Neustadt .

The area of the administrative district belonged to the Starkenburg province and consisted of 24 mayor's offices :

Böllstein with Affhöllerbach , Hembach , Kilsbach and Stierbach
Breitenbrunn
Habitzheim
Hassenroth with Birkert (Habitzheim side) and Mittel-Kinzig
Hainstadt with Breitenbach , Mühlhausen and Raibach
Hetschbach (since 1823)
Maximum with Dusenbach
Hummetroth with Annelsbach , Forstel and Pfirschbach
Kirch-Brombach with Balsbach
King with a princely reason
Langenbrombach (partially)
Lützel-Wiebelsbach
Mümling-Grumbach with Etzen buttocks
Neustadt with Breuberg Castle
Nieder-Kinzig with Birkert (Breubergseite), Gumpersberg and Ober-Kinzig
Lower blades
Upper blades
Rimhorn
Sandbach
Seck walls with grove
Vielbrunn with Hainhaus , Kimbach and Ohrbach
Wallbach with Höllerbach
Wiebelsbach with Frau-Nauses , Ober-Nauses and Schloß-Nauses
Forest Amorbach

staff

The landlords had the right to propose the district administrator and the civil servants working in the district council. Officeed as district administrators:

Anton Joseph Lauteren (born July 19, 1783, Bleidenstadt ; †, † August 6, 1834 Breuberg) from April 5, 1822 to August 4, 1834;
Christoph Hoffmann (born November 13, 1802, Darmstadt ; † June 1, 1859, Darmstadt) from November 4, 1834 to July 31, 1848.

Historical description

The “Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse” reported in 1829 on the district of Breuberg: The
location and boundaries are described as: “The district lies between latitude 49 ° 43 ° and 49 ° 52 ° north latitude and 26 ° 32 and 26 ° 49 east longitude. The borders are to the north: the Dieburg district; to the east: the district of Dieburg and the Bavarian Lower Main district; to the south: the district of Erbach; to the west: the districts of Erbach and Reinheim. ""
The natural condition as: "a) Surface and soil: The ridge that runs through the eastern part of the district goes in the district of Breuberg via Vielbrunn, Lützelwiebelsbach to the Main. The back is usually wide, the individual rays run out towards the Mimling . There are many hills covered with forest. The soil is heavy, and for the most part fairly fertile, but diminishes in places where it is strongly mixed with stones. The good soil on the steep slopes is often washed away by downpours. . b) Waters: 1) the Mimling flows through the middle of the district; 2) the Kinzig ; 3) the Semderbach (Hechtbach) ( right tributary of the Gersprenz ); 4) the Höllerbach ; 5) the Wallbach. "
The population as:" "This is 17,474 souls, of which 13,509 are Lutherans; 2046 Catholics; 1454 Reformists; 5 Menonites and 460 Jews who together live in 1 town, 4 market towns, 39 villages, 4 hamlets, 2444 houses in general. «"
The natural products as: "» 708 horses; 100 foals; 28 bulls; 538 oxen; 3864 cows; 1561 cattle; 3,103 pigs; 5653 sheep; 458 goats; 94 donkey. Otters, fish and crabs are found especially in the Mimling . Grain, barley, husk , oats, heather , peas, lots of potatoes, Magsaamen (only in Habizheim), some wine, hay, lots of plums and wood; Breaks from red sandstones to Fürstengrund, which are used for millstones; also good ones to Hainstadt, of lesser quality to König, Kirchbrombach, Mimlinggrumbach, Neustadt, Niederkinzig and Oberklingen, which are also hewn. Blue lime can be found at Forstel and Oberkinzig. «"
Industry and trade as: "» Agriculture and cattle breeding. The cloth-making and spinning mills are not entirely insignificant, especially in König and Kirchbrombach. There is an iron hammer in Mühlhausen and a paper mill in Langenbromdach; there are also 32 grinding mills in the district, with 7 oil, 7 cutting, 2 gypsum mills and 2 hemp graters connected; also 2 special oil mills. Many residents make their living from the timber trade, from making wood with charcoal burning and selling dry plums, which the latter make a not unimportant article of trade. The trade in the communities of Sandbach, Neustadt and Hainstadt extends almost exclusively to the main areas. The road from the Neckar via Michelstadt goes through König, Mimlinggrumbach to Höchst, and the road from Darmstadt to Michelstadt only goes through the only district of Böllstein. ""

literature

Willi Görich : Administrative division 1821 [map] = plate 25a. In: Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde (Hg.): Historical Atlas of Hessen . Marburg 1960–1978. Digitized
Eva Haberkorn u. a .: District Erbach 1821 - 1945 (= Repertories Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt ) Dept. G15 Erbach (PDF; 89 kB). In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), status: 1998, accessed on September 16, 2016.
Ulrich Reuling : Administrative division 1821–1955. With an appendix on the administrative area reform in Hesse 1968–1981 . In: Fred Schwind (ed.): Historical Atlas of Hessen. Text and explanatory volume . Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1984. ISBN 3-9212-5495-7 digitized

Remarks

↑ The parallel established for case law court received designation Grand Ducal Hessian Princely Lowenstein Werth Native and Counts Erbach beautiful Bergisches Land Court maximum ( Formation of Landraths- and District Court District Breuberg concerning : on 8 May 1822. In Grand Ducal Hessian Regierungsblatt 18 No. of 17th June 1822, p. 199); see: District Court Höchst .

Individual evidence

^ The formation of the district council and district court of Breuberg on May 8, 1822. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 18 of June 17, 1822, p. 199.
↑ Law concerning the circumstances of the landlords and noble court lords of August 7, 1848. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 40 of August 9, 1848, pp. 237–241.
↑ Law on the organization of the administrative authorities subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior relating to July 31, 1848. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 38 of August 3, 1848, pp. 217–225 (220).
^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 30 of May 20, 1852, pp. 224–228 (225).
^ The formation of the district council and district court of Breuberg on May 8, 1822. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 18 of June 17, 1822, p. 199.
↑ Allocation of the Freyherrllich von Wamoldtischen Patrimonialgericht-Ort Hetschbach to the district court district Breuberg and to the district court district Höchst regarding March 5, 1823. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 10 of April 7, 1823, p. 85.
^ Announcement regarding the relocation of the seat of the Grand Ducal District Councilor of the Breuberg district from Breuberg to Neustadt on August 25, 1837. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 37 of September 2, 1837, p. 387
↑ Lautern, Anton Joseph . In: LAGIS : Hessian Biography ; accessed on June 13, 2020.
^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, p. 27 ff . ( Online at Google Books ).

[2] The parallel established for case law court received designation Grand Ducal Hessian Princely Lowenstein Werth Native and Counts Erbach beautiful Bergisches Land Court maximum ( Formation of Landraths- and District Court District Breuberg concerning : on 8 May 1822. In Grand Ducal Hessian Regierungsblatt 18 No. of 17th June 1822, p. 199); see: District Court Höchst .

[1] The formation of the district council and district court of Breuberg on May 8, 1822. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 18 of June 17, 1822, p. 199.

[3] Law concerning the circumstances of the landlords and noble court lords of August 7, 1848. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 40 of August 9, 1848, pp. 237–241.

[4] Law on the organization of the administrative authorities subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior relating to July 31, 1848. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 38 of August 3, 1848, pp. 217–225 (220).

[5] Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 30 of May 20, 1852, pp. 224–228 (225).

[6] The formation of the district council and district court of Breuberg on May 8, 1822. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 18 of June 17, 1822, p. 199.

[7] Allocation of the Freyherrllich von Wamoldtischen Patrimonialgericht-Ort Hetschbach to the district court district Breuberg and to the district court district Höchst regarding March 5, 1823. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 10 of April 7, 1823, p. 85.

[8] Announcement regarding the relocation of the seat of the Grand Ducal District Councilor of the Breuberg district from Breuberg to Neustadt on August 25, 1837. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 37 of September 2, 1837, p. 387

[9] Lautern, Anton Joseph . In: LAGIS : Hessian Biography ; accessed on June 13, 2020.

[GW-10] Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, p. 27 ff . ( Online at Google Books ).