Habitzheim Office

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The office of Habitzheim (also: Herrschaft Habitzheim ) was an office of the princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim and subsequently the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

Former office building in Habitzheim

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

geography

The center of the Habitzheim office was the former Habitzheim moated castle , which is now an estate. The office included:

history

In the old kingdom

In the 12th century the area of ​​the later Habitzheim office belonged to the Fulda monastery . The monastery gave it as a fiefdom to various noble families including the Counts of Erbach , the Counts of Wertheim and the Electoral Palatinate . It was not until the end of the 15th century, when the Counts of Löwenstein acquired all the shares, that Habitzheim came into one hand. At the beginning of the 16th century, the counts resided at the castle in Habitzheim, later it was the seat of the bailiff. Twice in the course of the following centuries, the rule of the Löwenstein family was briefly taken from the Landgraves of Hessen-Darmstadt as a result of warlike events .

In Hessen

With the Rheinbund act in 1806 came the final end of the independence of the Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort-Rochefort (later: -Rosenberg ). The Habitzheim office was added to the Grand Duchy of Hesse . The princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim were now registered lords with a number of privileges in their Habitzheim office , which also restricted the state sovereignty of the Grand Duchy there. In addition, the senior of the house was automatically a member of the first chamber of the Hessian state estates . From 1820 there was an administrative reform in the Grand Duchy. With it, jurisdiction and administration were separated at the lower level . District districts were created for the administrative tasks previously performed in the offices, and district courts for the first instance jurisdiction. The Habitzheim office was dissolved in 1822, administrative tasks were taken over by the Breuberg district council , and jurisdiction by the Höchst district court .

Law

In the Habitzheim office , the Palatinate Land Law from 1582, renewed in 1610, was a particular law . In addition, the common law applied , insofar as the Palatinate Land Law did not contain special regulations for a matter. This special right retained its validity throughout the 19th century while the office and its legal successors belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and was only replaced on January 1, 1900 by the civil code that was uniformly applicable throughout the German Empire .

literature

  • Johann Andreas Demian: Description or Statistics and Topography of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , Volume 2. Mainz: LeRoux 1825.
  • L. Ewald: Contributions to regional studies . In: Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1862.
  • Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Groß -zimmer was a fiefdom each half from Hessen-Darmstadt and half from the Electoral Palatinate to the Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort ( Groß -zimmer, district of Darmstadt-Dieburg In: LAGIS : Historisches Ortslexikon ; as of July 22, 2019)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hofgut Habitzheim (homepage) ; accessed on April 30, 2020.
  2. ↑ Ewald, p. 44; Demian, pp. 81f.
  3. ↑ Ewald, p. 44.
  4. ↑ Demian, p. 81.
  5. ↑ Ewald, pp. 44, 47.
  6. ↑ Demian, p. 81.
  7. ↑ Demian, p. 82.
  8. ↑ Ewald, p. 44.
  9. ↑ Demian, p. 81.
  10. ↑ Historisches Ortlexikon , Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS) ; Status: July 22, 2019.
  11. ↑ Demian, p. 81.
  12. ↑ Ewald, p. 44.
  13. ↑ Hofgut Habitzheim (homepage) ; accessed on April 30, 2020.
  14. ↑ Art. 24 Rhine Confederation Act ; Ewald, p. 47.
  15. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt dated July 20, 1821, p. 403ff.
  16. ^ Habitzheim, Darmstadt-Dieburg district . In: LAGIS: Historical local dictionary ; Status: July 22, 2019.
  17. ↑ Schmidt, p. 110.