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City of Reinheim
Coordinates: 49 ° 50 ′ 34 "  N , 8 ° 49 ′ 35"  E
Height : 164 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.78 km²
Residents : 2372  (December 31, 2017)
Population density : 305 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 64354
Area code : 06162
map
Map of Reinheim, Spachbrücken in red

Spachbrücken is a district of Reinheim in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Spachbrücken is located in the west of a fertile and woodless loess area that extends from Ober-Ramstadt to Groß-Umstadt . The location is around one and a half kilometers from the Gersprenz and lies on both sides of the Dilsbach , a left western tributary of the Gersprenz.

Spachbrücken borders the district Groß-Zimmer in the north, in the northeast there are short common borders with Klein -zimmer and Habitzheim , in the east and south lies the district Reinheim, in the west Zeilhard and in the northwest Georgenhausen . Spachbrücken is located in the middle between Georgenhausen and the core town of Reinheim and is only a few hundred meters away from both places.

As of 1961, the Spachbrücken district extended over an area of ​​778 hectares. In 1961, 243 hectares were considered forested. Since there is no forest near Spachbrücken, the place had a share in the Dieburger Mark . All communities that originally belonged to Dieburger (Wald-) Mark used the forest area west of Dieburg on a cooperative basis until 1812. Extraction of firewood and construction timber, of tanneries and charcoal, as well as forest pasture, clearing and renaturation as well as all disputes were settled on a Märkerding that met in the open air near Dieburg, to which every local family sent a representative (Märker) and which was under the patronage of Archbishop of Mainz stood. In 1812 the cooperative was dissolved and the forest was divided among the participating communities depending on the number of Märker. Georgenhausen, for example, provided 46 Märker and received 319 acres (around 40 hectares) of community forest, similar to Zeilhard and Klein -zimmer. The other maritime communities such as Spachbrücken were larger and got larger areas. For Spachbrücken it was the Spachbrücker Wald district , an exclave north of the Spachbrücken district, which was incorporated into the Messel community in 1977 when Spachbrücken was already a district of Reinheim .

history

Places of the Habitzheim Office (yellow)
Zent Umstadt ( condominium )

The first document in which Spachbrücken was mentioned by name is a fiefdom letter from May 17, 1323. It lists the goods and places that Ulrich I von Bickenbach received from the Fulda monastery as a fiefdom . In addition to Spachbrücken, Georgenhausen, Zeilhard, Habitzheim and parts of Zimmer also belonged to them. Archaeological finds prove that the first settlements go back to the younger Stone Age (4000–1800 BC).

The houses of the first Spachbrücken residents were in the part of the village that is still popularly called Wallachia , right next to the Dilsbach. Since, for structural reasons, the construction of a bridge for a small stream was not proportionate, birch trunks (= Spachen) were placed in the course of the stream, larger ones at the bottom to ensure the flow of water, and smaller and smaller at the top so that carts could drive over it unhindered could.

In the historical documents, the place name has been documented in changing spellings over the centuries (the year it was mentioned in brackets): Spachbrucken in der Montad (1390); Spachbrucken (1429); Spachbrugken (1457); Spachprukken (1520); Spachbrücken (1521); Spachbrückhen (1572); Spattbrückhen (1580).

The villages of Spachbrücken, Zeilhard and Habitzheim came to the Schenken zu Erbach by hereditary path . This rule did not last long. In 1528 the Erbachers, who were feudal lords of the Count Palatine , sold, among other things, Spachbrücken for 9,000 guilders to the Counts of Wertheim . Georg II von Wertheim carried out the Reformation in his area in 1525 . The new rule, which took the name Löwenstein in 1581, converted to Catholicism again in 1621. Before this change of faith, the Thirty Years War began . Since the Löwensteiner fought on the side of the Evangelicals, he was one of the losers. His possessions, including those in Spachbrücken, were confiscated and given to the Vice-President of the Reichshofrat, Baron von Strahlendorf. This sold the Habitzheim rule to the Darmstadt Landgrave . After the war she returned to Löwenstein in 1649.

In 1635, Spachbrücken was abandoned by the last inhabitants because of the plague. Around 1640 some survivors returned and after 1650 Saxons, Flemings and Swiss recruited by the Landgrave in Darmstadt settled there. In 1675 Pastor Hach created the first register of residents, which contained 33 names. The times of the Bickenbach Bailiwick and later that of Erbach and Löwenstein-Wertheim were marked by tense legal uncertainties in some questions of territorial rule, which resulted in multiple military deployments:

  • Zeilhard formed together with Spachbrücken its own local court and thus a political municipality. At the head was the mayor appointed by the respective bailiff . He was accompanied by seven lay judges.
  • The central school was superordinate and responsible for the central rule . Zeilhard and Spachbrücken also had this in common.
  • Since the Bavarian feud in 1504, the Palatinate and Hesse mixed into the central rule.

In the peace at Luneville the Umstädter central rule went to Hesse. The Palatinate had thus lost its claim. Through the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803, Hesse gradually gained control of the area. From 1806 onwards, political power over the Spachbrücken was in the hands of the Grand Duke .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Spachbrücken in 1829:

»Spachbrücken (L. Bez. Reinheim) Lutheran parish village; is 1 ⁄ 2 St. from Reinheim on the Chaussee that runs from Darmstadt through the Odenwald, has 123 houses and 807 inhabitants, the other 20 Cath., 1 Reform. and 55 Jews are Lutheran. Among these are 43 farmers, 58 craftsmen and 37 day laborers. Several families are constantly engaged in the manufacture of straw work, as bees and other baskets, carpets, etc., and sell some of them abroad. The church was built in 1753. There is also a parish and school house, a synagogue and a mill. - Spachbrücken belonged to Habizheim Castle, which the Lords of Bickenbach had acquired as a Fuldisches fief. The castle gradually came to Erbach and after the Fulda Abbey had sold Otzberg Castle and its half to Umstadt in 1390, together with the fief of the other half, to Churpfalz, Erbach had to fief the Habizheim Castle, which was dependent on it. In this way the place became Palatine. From 1530 onwards, the Erbach taverns sold these possessions bit by bit, mainly to the Counts of Löwenstein, who also exercised sub-jurisdiction. In 1802 the Palatinate share of Spachbrücken came to Hesse, and in 1805 the Löwenstein bailiwick rights were acquired by exchange. The place used to be a branch of Dieburg. "

In 1870 the Odenwaldbahn was built through the southern tip of the Spachbrücker district with the west portal of the Engelberg tunnel (238 m) and in 1905 there was electric light in the village for the first time. The electricity for this was supplied by a generator from the Konrad Göckel VII brewery at the time. HEAG in Darmstadt later took over the electricity supply. The pottery and button-making trade flourished well until the First World War in 1914. The Häfner Jakob Neuroth and his son Georg delivered their goods to the Grand Duke in Darmstadt and to the Tsar's court in Moscow.

Since the First World War, Spachbrücken has gradually changed from a farming and craft village to a workers' community. Most Spachbrückers find their existence in the industrial companies and administrations in Darmstadt and the surrounding area. This development continued even more after 1945.

In the run-up to the regional reform in Hesse, the municipality of Spachbrücken merged with other municipalities on December 31, 1971 to form the city of Reinheim. For the district of Spachbrücken, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was established in accordance with the Hessian municipal code.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Spachbrücken was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1633: 148 inhabitants
• 1829: 807 inhabitants, 123 houses
• 1867: 828 inhabitants, 141 houses
Spachbrücken: Population from 1829 to 2015
year     Residents
1829
  
 807
1834
  
 761
1840
  
 797
1846
  
 812
1852
  
 803
1858
  
 806
1864
  
 836
1871
  
 828
1875
  
 831
1885
  
 821
1895
  
 843
1905
  
 938
1910
  
 985
1925
  
 1.012
1939
  
 1,100
1946
  
 1,544
1950
  
 1,607
1956
  
 1,505
1961
  
 1,562
1967
  
 1,755
1970
  
 1,801
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 2.163
2015
  
 2,360
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; City of Reinheim: 2015 ; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 731 Lutheran (= 90.58%), one Reformed (= 0.14%), 55 Jewish (= 6.62%) and 20 Catholic (= 2.48%) residents
• 1961: 1325 Protestant (= 84.83%), 209 Catholic (= 13.38%) residents

History of religion

The Spachbrück ancestors were probably converted to Christianity by monks from the Fulda monastery, which was founded by Boniface in 744 AD. They belonged to the then very large parish of Dieburg. In 1400 there was the first branch church, which was consecrated to St. Anthony. With the Reformation, which took place there before 1526, Spachbrücken became a branch municipality of Roßdorf. In contrast to many neighboring communities, Spachbrücken was spared any further religious changes and has always been Evangelical-Lutheran ever since. In 1585 Spachbrücken became an independent parish, to which Habitzheim also belonged, and received Balthasar Scharff, who worked there from 1585 to 1592, as its first pastor. After the old church had become dilapidated and lightning struck the church tower on May 26, 1749 (Kisseltag), it was torn down and the foundation stone laid for the current church , which was consecrated on July 6, 1755. It was thoroughly renovated from 1970 to 1972. It received a new roof with a stork's nest as a symbol of the spach bridges. During the interior renovation, the valuable baroque organ by Johann Christian Dauphin from 1760 was also restored.

politics

For Spachbrücken there is a local district (areas of the former municipality of Spachbrücken) with a local advisory board and local mayor according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of five members. Since the local elections in 2016, it has had three members of the SPD , one member of the CDU and one non-party member. The mayor is Günter Göckel (SPD).

Culture and sights

Church in Spachbrücken

Buildings

  • The first school house mentioned by name was in Bachgasse and the first teacher was Balthasar Poth, who had taught from 1628 to 1632, in the middle of the Thirty Years' War.

Regular events

Annual events in Spachbrücken are the curb on the fourth weekend in September and the fire brigade day organized by the volunteer fire brigade.

Economy and Infrastructure

education

The Dilsbach School at Pestalozzistraße 7 is a small, mostly single-class elementary school with around 85 students and four to five teachers.

traffic

Until 2013, the federal highway 38 led through Spachbrücken - with corresponding inner-city traffic load - to connect the place with the core city Reinheim and the districts Georgenhausen and Zeilhard as well as Roßdorf and the federal highway 26 , which leads to Darmstadt . In the center of the village branch off from the B 38, the state roads L 3114 to Groß-Zimmer and Dieburg and the L 3414 to Habitzheim and Groß-Umstadt . The western bypass Reinheim and Spachbrücken of the B 38 was completed in 2013. The L 3114 has been running north around Spachbrücken since 2009 to the junction with the B 38 at the northern beginning of the western bypass.

The Spachbrücken stop on the Rodgaubahn in the now disused Dieburg – Reinheim (Odenw) section was about 700 meters east of today's exit and was closed on May 28, 1965.

Web links

Commons : Spachbrücken  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Spachbrücken, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Current figures at a glance. In: Internet presence of the city of Reinheim. Accessed June 2019 .
  3. ↑ Tischner, Heinrich: Updated new version of my essay in Reinheimer Contributions 5 (1993). The community of Georgenhausen
  4. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Darmstadt and Dieburg and the city of Darmstadt (GVBl. II No. 330–334) of July 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 318 ff ., § 13 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  5. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 223 ( online at google books ).
  6. ↑ Georg Spalt: From the Spachbrücker story. Festschrift 650 Years of Spachbrücken, 1973.
  7. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 162 kB) §; 6. In: Website. City of Reinheim, accessed June 2019 .
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 82 ( online at google books ).
  10. ^ Heinrich Tischner: History of Zeilhard. Accessed June 2019 .
  11. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  12. ↑ Spachbrücken local advisory board. In: website. City of Reinheim, accessed November 2019 .
  13. ↑ Darmstädter Echo , Thursday, September 24, 2015, p. 22
  14. ↑ Dilsbach School. Website. In: www.dilsbachschule.de. Accessed November 2019 .
  15. ↑ The bypass is on the home straight. Release in early November. In: Echo Online. April 11, 2013, archived from the original ; accessed in October 2013 .
  16. ↑ From rooms in the north to Spachbrücken. State road 3114 with a provisional traffic light regulation has been released. Dieburger Anzeiger, November 14, 2009, accessed November 2019 .