District of Reinheim

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The district of Reinheim was a district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the province of Starkenburg with its seat in Reinheim . Founded in 1821, it was incorporated into the Dieburg district in 1832 .

history

Emergence

In the course of the administrative reform of 1821 in the Grand Duchy, jurisdiction and administration were also separated at the lower level , and the tasks of the traditional offices were reorganized in district districts (responsible for administration) and district courts (responsible for jurisdiction). The district of Reinheim emerged from it

The district consisted of 36 old Hessen ( Upper County Katzenelnbogen ), two formerly common places between Hesse and the Electoral Palatinate , one civil and six knightly places.

The tasks of the judiciary of the first instance , which had carried out the now dissolved offices, were transferred to the newly established Lichtenberg Regional Court .

Further development

In 1824 the towns of Beedenkirchen and Wurzelbach were assigned to the district of Bensheim .

In 1827 the patrimonial tasks were transferred from the state to the Count of Erbach-Erbach .

resolution

In the regional reform of 1832, the district councils were dissolved and merged into larger districts . Shortly afterwards, their layout was defined in a further regulation . The Reinheim district merged with the Dieburg district in the new Dieburg district .

Internal organization

The district of Reinheim was divided into 19 mayor's offices , which were subordinate to the district administrator. Several smaller towns were often administered by a mayor's office. In accordance with the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, the municipalities were headed by an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council. Schultheiss were no longer used.

Mayorships

  1. Brandau with Allertshofen and Hoxhohl ,
  2. Brensbach ,
  3. Ernsthofen with Herchenrode , Klein-Bieberau and Webern ,
  4. Frankenhausen with Neutsch and Ober-Modau ,
  5. Franconian Crumbach with parts of Bierbach , Eberbach , Erlau , Güttersbach and Michelbach ,
  6. Groß-Bieberau
  7. Gundernhausen
  8. Lichtenberg with Niedernhausen and Obernhausen ,
  9. Neunkirchen with Billings , Litzelbach , Meßbach , Nonrod and Steinau ,
  10. Nieder-Modau ,
  11. Nieder-Ramstadt with Traisa and Waschenbach ,
  12. Ober-Ramstadt ,
  13. Reinheim with Ueberau ,
  14. Rodau with Aßbach ,
  15. Rohrbach with Hahn and Wembach ,
  16. Rossdorf ,
  17. Language bridges ,
  18. Wersau with parts of Bierbach and
  19. Zeilhardt with Georgenhausen .

Parallel specialist administrations

Finances

For the income from state property (the so-called domains ) there were the rent offices . The Lichtenberg Rent Office was responsible for the district .

The tax administration was separate from this. The Reinheim tax district was responsible for the district administration, which included all places and was part of the Umstadt district . The Reinheim tax district was in turn subdivided into three district takings: 1. Großbieberau with Aßbach, Bierbach, Billings, Brensbach, Fränkisch-Crumbach with accessories, Lichtenberg, Litzelbach, Meßbach, Neunkirchen, Niedernhausen, Nonrod, Obernhausen, Rodau, Steinau and Werfau; 2. Oberramstadt with Allertshofen, Brandau, Ernsthofen, Frankenhausen, Hahn, Herchenrode, Hoxhohl, Kleinbieberau, Niederramstadt, Niedermodau, Neutsch, Obermodau, Rohrbach, Traisa, Waschenbach, Wembach and Webern; and 3. Reinheim with Georgenhausen, Gundernhausen, Roßdorf, Spachbrücken, Ueberau, and Zeilhardt; passed.

The place of the district belonged to the main customs office Neuisenburg .

Forest

The districts belonged to the Reinheim forest and there to the following four forest districts : 1. Ernsthofen with Allertshofen, Aßbach, Brandau, Herchenrode, Hoxhohl, Kleinbieberau, Litzelbach, Neunkirchen, Neutsch, Obermodau, Rohrbach, Steinau and Webern; 2. Lichtenberg with Bierbach, Billings, Brensbach, Fränkisch-Crumbach with accessories, Großbieberau, Meßbach, Niedernhausen, Nonrod, Obernhausen, Reinheim, Rodau, Ueberau, and Wersau; 3. Niederramstadt with Frankenhausen, Hahn, Niedermodau, Oberramstadt, Traisa, Waschenbach and Wembach; 4. Roßdorf with Georgenhausen, Gundernhausen, Spachbrücken, Zeilhardt and Kleinzimmern (from the district of Dieburg).

church

The church administration in the district consisted of the Lutheran Inspectorate Reinheim with the following 13 parishes: 1. Fränkisch-Crumbach with parts of Bierbach, parts of Eberbach, Erlau, Guttersbach, Michelbach and Kirchbeerfurt (from the district of Erbach); 2. Georgenhausen with Zeithardt; 3. Großbieberau with Billings, Lichtenberg, Messbach, Niedernhausen, Nonrod, Obernhausen, Rodau, and Steinau; 4. Gundernhausen; 5. Neunkirchen with Allertshofen, Brandau, Herchenrode, Holhohl, Litzelbach and Neuisch; 6. Niedermodau with Aßbach, Ernsthofen, Kleinbieberau, Obermodau, Rohrbach and Webern; 7. Niederramstadt with Traisa and Waschenbach; 8. Oberramstadt; 9. Reinheim with Ueberau; 10. Rohrbach with Hahn and Wembach; 11. Roßdorf with the houses Einsiedel, Leimenhaus and Scheffthum (from the district of Darmstadt); 12. Spachbrücken with Habitzheim (from the district of Breuberg); 13. Wersau with Bierbach. The parish in Brensbach formed the Brensbach Inspectorate with several parishes from the district of Erbach .

Historical description

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 about the Reinheim district:

The location and boundaries are described as: “The district is located between 49 ° 44 'and 49 ° 54' north latitude and between 26 ° 19 'and 26 ° 34' east longitude. The borders are to the north: the Dieburg district; to the east: the districts of Breuberg and Erbach; to the south: the districts of Erbach and Lindenfels; towards the west: the districts of Bensheim and Darmstadt. "

The natural condition as: “a) Surface and soil: The district is very mountainous compared to the deep Odenwald. The highest point is the Neunkircher Höhe 2364 Hess. Feet (0.25 m) above the sea level. From here, several mountain ridges move to different areas until they gradually flatten out. All these ridges form a lot of ramifications that criss-cross the district. On the western side there are plains that expand more and more to the north. These are dominated by the Roßberg 1133 Hess. Feet (0.25 m) above the surface of the sea. The soil is mostly fertile and consists partly of Liesch and partly of clay. On the eastern and western sides, a somewhat sandy soil is predominant. b) Waters: 1) the Gersprenz ; 2) the Modaubach ; 3) the Fischbach ; 4) the Wembach . "

The population as: “This is 19.805 souls, of which 18.630 are Luth .; 590 reform .; 216 Cath .; 24 Mennonites and 345 Jews, who together live in 1 town, 4 market towns, 41 villages, 2 hamlets, and a total of 2,748 houses. "

The natural products as: “Horses 1300; Foals 284; Bulls 51; Ox 145; Cows 4266; Cattle 1856; Pigs 4315; Sheep 2152; Goats 744; Donkey 19. Much grain, especially barley and husk ; in extraordinary quantities, lots of potatoes, hemp, flax, lots of poppy seeds; Rapeseed; many forage herbs; Fruit; Wood. Sandstones, but of very poor quality to large bend; Basalt at Reinheim, Roßdorf and Gundernhausen; blue lime to Fr. Crumbach; Syenite , granite, clay, sand. Traces of asbestos in the Oberramstadt district. "

Trade and commerce as: “Agriculture, cattle breeding, handicrafts, milling. The linen weaving mills are not insignificant, especially in Roßborf, Spachbrücken and Gundernhausen. Linen wall bleaching is particularly important to Großbieberau. Heap is done in Rossdorf and Spachbruch, and particularly beautiful dishes are made in the first place. Many goods are supplied by blacksmiths and nails. Many residents deal with wood making and stone breaking. The district has 64 grinding mills, with 16 oil, 11 cutting edge and 5 hemp grinder connected; a bread mill and a powder mill are located in Niederramstadt. The main articles of trade are: fat cattle, many breeding pigs, then milk, butter, cheese; then fruits, especially a lot of barley and husk, which are deposited in large quantities; a lot of Magsaamen, some hay, fruit, flax, wood, basalt, sand. Art products: several types of flour, peeled barley, groats, pearl barley, semolina flour, a little linen, fruit vinegar, iron goods, earthenware, brick goods, barrel staves, woodcut goods. The road from Darmstadt to Erbach goes through Roßdorf, Spachbrücken, Reinheim, Großbieberau and Brensbach. "

Remarks

  1. ↑ Georgshausen was originally a patrimonial court of the Lords of Haxthausen , but who had ceded their rights in this regard to the state (Wagner, p. 82).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into district councils and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 406.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Wagner, p. 197.
  3. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into district councils and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, p. 406.
  4. ^ Ordinance on the allocation of the communities of Beedenkirchen and Wuzelbach to the Bensheim district council and the Zwingenberg district court of October 11, 1824. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 57, October 30, 1824, p. 633 f.
  5. ↑ Art. 1 Edict, the organization of the government agencies subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior and Justice, relating to June 6, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 55, July 4, 1832, pp. 365–376.
  6. ^ Ordinance on the formation of circles in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse on August 20, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 74, September 5, 1832, pp. 561-563 (562).