District District Giessen

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The district of Gießen was a district in the Grand Duchy of Hesse with its seat in Gießen . It existed from 1821 to 1832.

history

Emergence

In the course of the administrative reform of 1821 in the Grand Duchy, jurisdiction and administration were also separated at the lower level , and the tasks of the traditional offices were reorganized in district districts - responsible for administration - and district court districts - responsible for jurisdiction. The district of Gießen emerged from:

The tasks of the first instance jurisprudence from the dissolved offices were transferred to the newly established regional court of Giessen .

Further development

In 1822 there was an agreement between the state and Baron von Schenck zu Schweinsberg , with which he ceded his rights and obligations from the Hermannstein patrimonial court to the state.

In 1827 there was another agreement, this time between the state and the von Buseck family , with which the rights and obligations from their patrimonial rule were taken over by the state.

The End

In the territorial reform of 1832, the district councils were dissolved and usually merged into larger districts . Shortly afterwards, their layout was defined in a further regulation . The district of Gießen was transformed into the district of Gießen , but - in contrast to the procedure in most of the other newly formed districts - the area of ​​responsibility compared to the district from which it emerged was reduced. A number of communities were given to the Grünberg district .

Historical description

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 about the Giessen district:

The location is described as: “This district forms a coherent whole, but its location is so irregular that individual parts are almost separated from each other by foreign parts of the area. The northern part, approximately 2 / 3 of the whole, is only by a narrow strip with the southern part of the district in connection. The Hermannstein district is almost again separated from the first part. The whole lies between 50 °, 27 'and 50 °, 43' north latitude, and between 26 °, 9 'and 26 °, 33' east longitude, and is limited to the north: by Prussia and Churhessen; to the east: from the districts of Grünberg and Hungen; to the south: from the district of Hungen and to the west: from Prussia. "

The natural quality as:
“a. Surface and soil. Between the Wetter and the Wieseck heights stretch towards the southern part of the district. Schiffenberg west-north are the heights near Kleinlinden, which move to Großenlinden, Leihgestern and Langgöns. At Oppenrod you can see different cones. The area on the Lahn and Wieseck is flat. In the northern part of the district the Dünsberg rises, 1888 Hess. (1452 par.) Feet above sea level. The city of Königsberg is located in 1529 Hess. (1176 par.) Feet above sea level. The soil is very different and ranges from the rich bog bottom to the light sandy bottom.
b. Waters: 1) the Lahn; 2) the Wieseck; ) the Lumda; 4) the Bieberbach; 5) the Könzbach. "

The population as: “The number of souls is 30,799; among them are 29,289 Evangelicals, 464 Catholics, 16 Mennonites and 1030 Jews, who together live in 5 cities, 37 villages and 4817 houses. "

The natural products as: “Horses 556; Foal 43; Bulls 67; Ox 2967; Cows 6212; Cattle 2087; Pigs 5993; Sheep 20,431; Goats 312; Donkey 149. fish; Waizen, grain, barley, oats, potatoes, flax, rape, a lot of fruit, a little millet, a lot of clover, legumes. There is a considerable iron mine near Königsberg, which supplies a dense and excellent Rotheisenstein, which is melted in the Ludwigshütte near Biedenkopf. The district is very rich in peat camps. The best peat is obtained from Daubringen, which surpasses everyone else in the neighborhood; then that of Großenlinden and Wieseck follows; the one at Mainzlar is less good and that of Langgöns and Stauffenberg bad. Basalts are at Giessen, Königsberg and Stauffenberg, as well as limestones at Giessen and Kleinlinden, and excellent clay pits are at Pohlgöns. Wieseck has large pits of white sand, which is heavily used as grit in the area. In Giessen there are so-called sausage stones, beautiful petrified woods, also rarely other fossils and beautiful jasper in the Lahn ; Traß at Garbenteich and Oppenrod, at Schiffenberg Pechopal and at Daubringen yellow ocher. A mineral fountain whose water has a constricting, ink-like taste is at Giessen, just like Leihgestern also has a mineral spring, but neither of which is used. "

The trade and commerce as: “Agriculture, cattle breeding, commercial industry , road trade. There are two smoking tobacco factories in Giessen that do not insignificant business. Several cloth and carpet makers are at Allendorf an der Lumda, the latter making hairy carpets. Linen weaving is very much going on in several places, namely at Langgöns, Reisskirchen, Allendorf an der Lumda and Pohlgöns, at which last place the greater part of the population, but only in winter, deals with this branch of industry. The dye works in Großenlinden deserve a special mention, as they give the canvas a good permanent color. In Giessen there are red and white tanners, liqueurs and vinegar manufacturers, soap makers and light pullers, stocking weavers, hat makers, gunsmiths and cutlers. There are important lime kilns in Königsberg, brickworks in particular in Beuern and Pohlgöns, as well as fulling mills in Heuchelheim and Trohe. Grain and fat cattle can be sold; casting is important for the cattle trade. In the years 1820 and 1821 35,642 horses, oxen, cows, calves and pigs were found, of which 22,502 were sold, mostly abroad. After Giessen, Lollar has the most important cattle markets in the area. The district is cut through by the following highways: 1) the road from Frankfurt to Marburg, goes through Pohlgöns, Kirchgöns, Langgöns, Großenlinden, Kleinlinden, Giessen, Lollar and Kirchberg; 2) road from Giessen to Biedenkopf; moves through Heuchelheim, Fellingshausen and Frankenbach; 3) Road from Giessen to Grünberg, goes through Reisskirchen; 4) road from Kleinlinden to Wetzlar, 5) road from Pohlgöns to Wetzlar; 6) Road from Langgöns to Holzheim. "

Remarks

  1. ^ Formerly Blankenstein Office .
  2. ↑ The latter from the Königsberg office .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into district councils and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, pp. 407 f.
  2. ↑ Assignment of patrimonial rights in the places Hermannstein, Rülfenrod and Wisselsheim regarding May 6, 1822. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 16, May 29, 1822, pp. 187 f.
  3. ↑ Announcement of the assignment of the Baron von Buseckische Justiz- und Polizei-Gerechtsame to the state and the allocation of the Busecker Valley on March 1, 1827. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 8, March 16, 1827, p. 45.
  4. ↑ Art. 1 Edict, the organization of the government agencies subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior and Justice, relating to June 6, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 55, July 4, 1832, pp. 365–376.
  5. ^ Ordinance on the formation of circles in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse on August 20, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 74, September 5, 1832, pp. 561-563 (562 f.).
  6. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 91 ff . ( Online at google books ).