Königsberg (Biebertal)

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Koenigsberg
community Biebertal
Coordinates: 50 ° 38 ′ 40 ″  N , 8 ° 32 ′ 10 ″  E
Height : 376  (293-403)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.27 km²
Residents : 900
Population density : 711 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st December 1970
Postal code : 35444
Area code : 06446
Königsberg - to the left of the middle castle and church, to the right the Dünsberg
Königsberg - to the left of the middle castle and church, to the right the Dünsberg

Königsberg is a district of the municipality of Biebertal in the central Hessian district of Gießen .

Geographical location

Königsberg is located in the Gleiberger Land . It is the highest part of the municipality. Two right tributaries of the Lahn arise near Königsberg , the Bieber source river Strupbach in the north and the direct tributary Schwalbenbach in the south.

history

The "castle" built on the foundations of the former castle and to the right of it the Ev. Church shape the townscape

The oldest known written mention of Königsberg took place in 1260 under the name of Königsberg in the record book of the Deutschordensballei Hessen . From 1500 it had city ​​rights . The Königsberg office included the places Bischoffen , Frankenbach , Naunheim , Waldgirmes , Niederweidbach , Oberweidbach, Roßbach and Wilsbach.

On Burg Königsberg the Counts resided from Solms -Königsberg . The Evangelical Church in Königsberg was completely destroyed in the Thirty Years War . The new building built in 1654 was not completely renovated until 1961, another renovation took place in 1994. On this occasion, the original colors of the church were restored.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Königsberg in 1830:

“Königsberg (L. Bez. Giessen) city; is 2 1 ⁄ 2  St. from Giessen, on a hill that 1529 Hess. (1176 Par.) Is raised feet above the sea, and at the foot of which the Konzbach flows. The place has 86 houses and 475 inhabitants, who are Protestant except for 21 Mennonites. You will find 1 church, 1 town hall, 1 town hall, 2 courtyards and nearby on a basalt dome, the ruins of the old Hohensolms Castle, then large lime kilns and a sizeable iron mine, which provides a dense Rotheisenstein that is melted in the Ludwigshütte near Biedenkopf . In earlier times many Roman coins were found near Königsberg and in the so-called Obermühle, 1 ⁄ 2 hour away, the famous copper engraver Will was born, who died in 1808 as a legionnaire of the Cross of Honor in Paris. - A market warden of Solms, who has appeared since 1226, is probably the builder of Königsberg and the Hohensolms Castle, as he was the founder of the line of the Solms House, which had its seat here. The castle is said to have been destroyed in 1328 by the Hessian Prince Heinrich. Philipp von Solms, the last of this line, wanted to enter the possessions of his line alone according to justice and equity, but found contradiction in this among his agnates , and therefore joined Hesse. Philipp had an only son, Reinbold, who died in 1350. Philip, who was now childless, sold the castle with all its accessories to Landgrave Heinrich II, around 2000 florins his wife received a lifelong pension of 300 florins for the cities of Alsfeld and Grünberg, and should be in the lifelong possession of the castle and its belonging stay, and the landgrave only the opening is free. In 1357 a truce was reached and in the following year Philip's wife Amene died. In 1357 a new contract came into being, as a result of which the Landgrave, in return for the payment of a further 1000 florins, was granted the Königsberg Castle with all its accessories, and a document was issued that the Landgrave took real possession of the castle from 1360, after which he accepted the knight Joh. Merz Cristeln as Burgmann. Philip appears for the last time in 1363 and in 1364 and 1365 his second wife Lysa appears alone in documents. "

Territorial reform

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the independent municipality of Königsberg ( Wetzlar district ) merged voluntarily on December 1, 1970 with the municipalities of Fellingshausen , Krumbach , Rodheim-Bieber and Vetzberg to form the new larger municipality of Biebertal. For Königsberg, as for all formerly independent municipalities, local districts with a local advisory board and local council were set up. The seat of the municipal administration was Rodheim-Bieber.

Historical forms of names

In documents that have survived, Königsberg was mentioned under the following place names (the year it was mentioned in brackets):

  • Kunegisberch , de (1260) [Wyss, document book of the Deutschordens-Ballei 1, new print, no. 164, p. 126]
  • Koningisberg (1301)
  • Kungesperg

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Königsberg was located and the administrative units to which it was subject:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus the "Office Königsberg" was responsible for Königsberg. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts in 1821 as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. " Stadtgericht Gießen " was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Königsberg from 1821 to 1866.

After the cession of the north-western part of the district of Gießen and with it Königsberg to Prussia, as a result of the peace treaty of September 3, 1866 between the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Kingdom of Prussia , Königsberg was separated from the City Court of Gießen. In June 1867 a royal decree was issued that reorganized the court system in the former Duchy of Nassau and the parts of the area that had previously belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. The previous judicial authorities were to be repealed and replaced by local courts in the first, district courts in the second and an appeal court in the third instance. In the course of this, on September 1, 1867, the previous regional court was renamed the District Court of Gladenbach and Königsberg was assigned to this court. The courts of the higher instances were the District Court of Dillenburg and the Court of Appeal in Wiesbaden . Due to the Courts Constitution Act of 1877, the district court changed to the district of the newly established Marburg Regional Court with effect from October 1, 1879 . When Königsberg moved to the Wetzlar district in 1932, it also moved to the Wetzlar district court . On August 1, 1979, Königsberg and the municipality of Biebertal moved to the district of the Giessen District Court . The superordinate instances are now the Regional Court of Giessen , the Higher Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 26 households
• 1629: 40 households
• 1742: 73 households
• 1791: 458 inhabitants
• 1800: 465 inhabitants
• 1806: 371 inhabitants, 80 houses
• 1829: 475 inhabitants, 86 houses
Königsberg: Population from 1791 to 2011
year     Residents
1791
  
 458
1800
  
 465
1806
  
 371
1829
  
 475
1834
  
 452
1840
  
 468
1846
  
 493
1852
  
 457
1858
  
 557
1864
  
 534
1871
  
 510
1875
  
 488
1885
  
 517
1895
  
 502
1905
  
 506
1910
  
 510
1925
  
 581
1939
  
 490
1946
  
 675
1950
  
 635
1956
  
 611
1961
  
 667
1967
  
 714
1970
  
 711
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 843
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 510 Protestants, one Catholic, 6 other Christians
• 1961: 512 Protestant (= 76.76%), 93 Catholic (= 13.94%) residents

Attractions

traffic

State road 3474 runs through the village . The Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (RMV) operates local public transport .

Personalities

  • Franz Köster (1806–1870), German judge and member of parliament

literature

Web links

Commons : Königsberg (Biebertal)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Königsberg in Merian's Topographia Hassiae  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Königsberg, district of Gießen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of February 14, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ The district on the website of the municipality of Biebertal ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed in September 2015.
  3. ^ A b Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 148 f . ( Online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Amalgamation of the communities Fellingshausen, Königsberg, Krumbach, Rodheim-Bieber and Vetzberg in the district of Wetzlar to form the new community "Biebertal" on November 13, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 48 , p. 2254 , point 2253 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5,6 MB ]).
  5. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 282 .
  6. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Biebertal. (PDF; 22 kB) p. §5 , accessed in February 2019 .
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ↑ The affiliation of the Homberg an der Ohm office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  10. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 points 1 & 1 # 41; and 6b & 1 # 41; ( Online at google books ).
  11. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  202 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  12. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 8th f., 428 ( online at google books ).
  13. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  266 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  14. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 420 ( online at Google Books ).
  15. ↑ Art. 14 of the peace treaty between the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Kingdom of Prussia of September 3, 1866 ( Hess. Reg.Bl. pp. 406-407 )
  16. ↑ Ordinance on the constitution of the courts in the former Duchy of Nassau and the former Grand Ducal Hessian territories excluding the Meisenheim district of June 26, 1867. ( PrGS 1867, pp. 1094–1103 )
  17. ↑ Order of August 7, 1867, regarding the establishment of the according to the Most High Ordinance of June 26th J. in the former Duchy of Nassau and the former Grand Ducal Hessian territories, with the exclusion of the Oberamtsbezirks Meisenheim, courts to be formed ( Pr. JMBl. Pp. 218-220 )
  18. ↑ Ordinance regarding the establishment of local courts of July 26, 1878 ( PrGS 1878, pp. 275–283 )
  19. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  220 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  20. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;