Bischoffen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Bischoffen
Bischoffen
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Bischoffen highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 42 '  N , 8 ° 27'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : to water
County : Lahn-Dill district
Height : 271 m above sea level NHN
Area : 35.37 km 2
Residents: 3274 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 93 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 35649
Area code : 06444
License plate : LDK, DIL
Community key : 06 5 32 002
LOCODE : DE BQF
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Schulstrasse 23
35649 Bischoffen
Website : www.bischoffen.de
Mayor : Ralph Venohr ( independent )
Location of the community of Bischoffen in the Lahn-Dill district
Dietzhölztal Haiger Eschenburg Siegbach Dillenburg Breitscheid (Hessen) Driedorf Greifenstein (Hessen) Bischoffen Herborn Sinn (Hessen) Mittenaar Hohenahr Ehringshausen Aßlar Lahnau Wetzlar Hüttenberg (Hessen) Solms Leun Braunfels Schöffengrund Waldsolms Nordrhein-Westfalen Rheinland-Pfalz Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopf Landkreis Gießen Wetteraukreis Hochtaunuskreis Landkreis Limburg-Weilburgmap
About this picture

Bischoffen is a municipality in the Lahn-Dill district in central Hesse .

geography

location

Bischoffen - view from the west

Bischoffen is located in the Niederweidbach basin on the Aartalsperre . With this, the Aar , a left tributary of the Dill , is dammed up into a 57 hectare lake, which is mainly used for flood protection, but is now also used for leisure activities.

Neighboring communities

Bischoffen borders in the north on the municipality of Bad Endbach and the city of Gladenbach , in the east on the municipality Lohra (all three in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district ), in the southeast on the municipality Biebertal ( district Gießen ), in the south on the municipality Hohenahr , in the southwest to the community of Mittenaar and to the west to the community of Siegbach (all three in the Lahn-Dill district).

structure

The community of Bischoffen consists of the districts of Bischoffen, Niederweidbach (seat of the municipal administration), Oberweidbach , Roßbach and Wilsbach .

history

The former Protestant church

Niederweidbach and Oberweidbach were first mentioned in a document around the year 800 in the Codex Eberhardi of the Fulda monastery . The other places were first mentioned at the end of the 13th to the beginning of the 14th century. The villages belonged to various ecclesiastical and secular dominions, but in the course of time, the county of Solms acquired large parts of the current municipal area in connection with property divisions, pledges and feuds .

Between the territories of the Landgraves of Hesse , the Electors of Mainz , the Free Imperial City of Wetzlar and the Counts of Nassau , the political situation was always uneasy. During the Thirty Years' War , the residents suffered hardship, hardship and destruction. The places recovered only slowly from this.

In the Middle Ages, today's town of Bischoffen was divided into the two villages of Ober- and Niederbischoffen. Oberbischoff became desolate as a result of famine, warlike effects and the plague between 1356 and 1432 . Niederbischoffen was only called Bischoffen in later documents. After the decline of the old Cologne-Leipzig trade route after the Dernbacher feud , which ran over the long watershed (Gladenbach, Rachelshausen, Hülshof, Angelburg, Lixfeld), the new route of the newer Cologne-Leipzig trade route in the Aartal gained in importance. It ran from Dillenburg / Herborn via Offenbach, Bischoffen, Niederweidbach, Roßbach, Altenvers to Marburg. An annex to the Hessian Außenheege (→ Mittelhessische Landheegen ) blocked this road near Bischoffen with a Hessian tariff. The successor to the old trade route is today's B 255 , which deviates from the old route from Niederweidbach.

The Solms office of Königsberg , to which Bischoffen formerly belonged, was administered by Hessen and Solms jointly. On October 30, 1628, the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt and the Landgraviate of Solms signed a contract, after which the Koenigsberg Office finally came to the Landgraviate. From that time on, the villages of today's Bischoffen community belonged to Hessen-Darmstadt until the lost Prussian-Austrian war in 1866 and were then annexed by Prussia . Then they were added to the Prussian province of Hessen-Nassau , district of Biedenkopf, until 1945 .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports about Bischoffen in 1830:

"Bischoffen (L. District Gladenbach) evangel. Branch village; which is part of the Prussian parish of Altenkirchen; The place is 3 St. from Gladenbach, has 74 houses and 390 evangelists. Residents. There is 1 chapel, 5 grinding mills, with which 3 oil mills are connected, a border subordinate customs office 1st class, and in the district sand pits that are leased and profitable. - In the main comparison between Hesse and Solms on October 30, 1629, the place came exclusively to Hesse. "

Territorial reform

As part of the municipal reform in Hesse on July 1, 1974, the municipalities Bischoffen were Niederweidbach , Oberweidbach and Wilsbach powerful state law to the new greater community Bischoffen together . On April 1, 1972, the Roßbach community was incorporated into the Niederweidbach community. Due to its geographical location and economic orientation, the municipality of Bischoffen was also assigned to the Wetzlar district on July 1, 1974, and with this it was transferred to the Lahn-Dill district on January 1, 1977.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Bischoff was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus the "Koenigsberg Office" was responsible for bishops. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts in 1821 as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. " District Court Gladenbach " was therefore from 1821 to 1866 the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for bishops.

After the Biedenkopf district was ceded to Prussia as a result of the peace treaty of September 3, 1866 between the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Kingdom of Prussia , the district of Gladenbach became Prussian. In June 1867 a royal decree was issued that reorganized the court system in the former Duchy of Nassau and the parts of the area that had previously belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. The previous judicial authorities were to be repealed and replaced by local courts in the first, district courts in the second and an appeal court in the third instance. In the course of this, on September 1, 1867, the previous regional court was renamed the Gladenbach District Court. The courts of the higher instances were the District Court of Dillenburg and the Court of Appeal in Wiesbaden . Due to the Courts Constitution Act of 1877, the district court changed to the district of the newly established Marburg Regional Court with effect from October 1, 1879 .

From October 1, 1944 to January 1, 1949, the Gladenbach District Court belonged to the Limburg District Court , but then again to the Marburg District Court . On July 1, 1968, the Gladenbach District Court was repealed, which from then on only served as a branch of the Biedenkopf District Court . On November 1, 2003, this branch was finally closed. With the change from Bischoffen in 1974 to the district of Wetzlar, the area of ​​the Wetzlar District Court was also added . The higher-level instances are now the Limburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 3420 residents in Bischoffen on May 9, 2011. 84 (2.5%) of them were foreigners, 38 of whom came from outside the EU , 36 from other European countries and 10 from other countries. The inhabitants lived in 1387 households. Of these, 329 were single households , 418 couples without children and 494 couples with children, as well as 122 single parents and 24 shared apartments .

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 0027 house seats
• 1677: 0024 men, 7  sitters , 6 widows, 9 young teams
• 1742: 0083 households
• 1791: 328 inhabitants
• 1800: 336 inhabitants
• 1806: 339 inhabitants, 55 houses
• 1829: 390 inhabitants, 74 houses
Bischoffen: Population from 1791 to 2015
year     Residents
1791
  
 328
1800
  
 336
1806
  
 339
1829
  
 390
1834
  
 420
1840
  
 431
1846
  
 458
1852
  
 457
1858
  
 449
1864
  
 427
1871
  
 397
1875
  
 387
1885
  
 449
1895
  
 435
1905
  
 501
1910
  
 539
1925
  
 577
1939
  
 696
1946
  
 1,019
1950
  
 1,034
1956
  
 1,060
1961
  
 1,056
1967
  
 1,082
1970
  
 1.109
1972
  
 1,135
1975
  
 2,990
1980
  
 3.111
1985
  
 3.112
1990
  
 3,431
1995
  
 3,557
2000
  
 3,574
2005
  
 3,584
2010
  
 3,470
2011
  
 3,420
2015
  
 3,378
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1972 :; from 1975 :; 2011 census
From 1976 including the towns incorporated into Hesse as part of the regional reform .

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 390 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1885: 449 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1961: 864 Protestant (= 81.82%), 149 Catholic (= 14.11%) residents
• 2011: 2171 Protestant (= 63.5%), 375 Catholic (= 11.0%), 874 other (= 25.6%) residents

Gainful employment

• 1867: Labor force: 177 agriculture, 1 forestry, 6 mining and metallurgy, 32 trade and industry, 3 traffic, 1 health care, 1 education and teaching, 2 community administration, 1 people without professional practice

politics

Community representation

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the municipal council 2016
    
A total of 23 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
FWG Free community of voters 43.2 10 37.0 9 32.4 7th 33.8 8th
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 33.6 8th 32.7 8th 38.3 9 33.8 8th
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 15.1 3 19.6 4th 16.7 4th 16.0 3
GREEN Alliance 90 / The Greens 8.0 2 - - - - - -
KD Municipal direct - - 10.6 2 12.7 3 16.5 4th
total 100.0 23 100.0 23 100.0 23 100.0 23
Voter turnout in% 51.3 42.2 45.8 51.2

mayor

After the Hessian municipal constitution is the Mayor Chairman of the Municipal Board , the six volunteers in the municipality Bischoffen next to the Mayor Councilor belong. Mayor has been Ralph Venohr, a non-party member since June 1, 2010. His directly elected predecessors were

  • until 2010 Harald Semler
  • until 1998 Manfred Thielmann (FWG)

Local advisory board

Bischoffen has a five-person local council with a local councilor . After the local elections in Hesse in 2016 , the mayor is Dieter Schneider.

coat of arms

The church is from the December 18, 1987 Hessian Minister of the Interior a coat of arms with the following Blazon been approved: "The arms of Bischoffen shows in the diagonally by a silver wave bars left divided shield up in blue, the einwärtsgekehrte golden crook of a bishop rod , down in Green a golden shell . "

The obliquely left wavy bar symbolizes the Aar flowing through the municipality, while the crook of the bishop's staff stands for the name of the municipality. The scallop is the symbol of one of the figures that stands in the altar of the Evangelical Marienkirche Niederweidbach , St. James . Niederweidbach had been on a Way of St. James since 1357 .

old coat of arms of Bischoffen

District coat of arms Bischoffen

The coat of arms was approved by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior on April 26, 1957.

Blazon : "In blue a soaring, red-armored silver lion with a golden crosier in the right front paw."

Cultural monuments

See: List of cultural monuments in Bischoffen

Land use

The municipal area covers a total area of ​​3537 hectares, of which in hectares are:

Type of use 2011 2015
Building and open space 142 143
from that Living 93 95
Business 9 9
Operating area 6th 6th
from that Mining land 0 0
Recreation area 12 11
from that Green area 7th 7th
traffic area 237 236
Agricultural area 1060 1058
from that moor 0 0
pagan 0 0
Forest area 2022 2023
Water surface 56 56
Other use 3 4th

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Bischoffen, Lahn-Dill district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 30 ( online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 19 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  5. ↑ Gerstenmeier, K.-H. (1977): Hessen. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation. Melsungen. P. 283
  6. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Biedenkopf and Marburg districts and the city of Marburg (Lahn) (GVBl. II 330-27) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 154 , § 22 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. ^ The affiliation of the Königsberg office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567–1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  10. ↑ a b Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 27 ff ., § 40 points 1 & 1 # 41; and 6b & 1 # 41; ( Online at google books ).
  11. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  202 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  12. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 8th f., 428 ( online at google books ).
  13. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  266 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  14. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 420 ( online at Google Books ).
  15. ↑ Art. 14 of the peace treaty between the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Kingdom of Prussia of September 3, 1866 ( Hess. Reg.Bl. pp. 406-407 )
  16. ↑ Ordinance on the constitution of the courts in the former Duchy of Nassau and the former Grand Ducal Hessian territories excluding the Meisenheim district of June 26, 1867. ( PrGS 1867, pp. 1094–1103 )
  17. ↑ Order of August 7, 1867, regarding the establishment of the according to the Most High Ordinance of June 26th J. in the former Duchy of Nassau and the former Grand Ducal Hessian territories, with the exclusion of the Oberamtsbezirks Meisenheim, courts to be formed ( Pr. JMBl. Pp. 218-220 )
  18. ↑ Ordinance regarding the establishment of local courts of July 26, 1878 ( PrGS 1878, pp. 275–283 )
  19. ↑ Decree amending the higher regional court districts of July 20, 1944 ( RGBl. I p. 163 )
  20. ^ Court organization (change of district courts) of December 14, 1948 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1948 no. 52 , p. 563 , item 728 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3,4 MB ]).
  21. ↑ Second law amending the Court Organization Act (Amends GVBl. II 210–16) of February 12, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1968 No. 4 , p. 41–44 , Article 1, Paragraph 6 b) and Article 2, Paragraph 8 a) ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 298 kB ]).
  22. ^ Organization of courts (establishment of branches of local courts) from July 1, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1968 No. 28 , p. 1037 , § 1, Paragraph 5 ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 2.8 MB ]).
  23. ↑ Third ordinance on the adjustment of the organizational rules of the court (changes GVBl. II 210–33; GVBl. II 210–86) of October 10, 2003 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 2003 No. 16 , p. 291 , Article 1, Paragraph 3) ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 531 kB ]). refers to the order on the establishment and jurisdiction of judicial branches (changes GVBl. II 210-33) of May 24, 1974 . In: Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 18 , p. 539 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.6 MB ]).
  24. ↑ a b Population by nationality groups: Bischoffen. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in April 2020 .
  25. ^ Households by family: Bischoffen. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in April 2020 .
  26. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  220 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  27. ^ Community data sheet : Bischoffen. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH ;
  28. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  29. ↑ a b Hessian Statistical Information System In: Statistics.Hessen.
  30. ^ Religious affiliation : Bischoffen. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in April 2020 .
  31. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  32. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  33. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  34. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Direct elections in Bischoffen
  35. ^ Municipality of Bischoffen: Inauguration of Mayor Ralph Venohr on May 30, 2016 ( Memento from August 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  36. ↑ Bischoffen local advisory board on the community's website, accessed in February 2017.
  37. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the community of Bischoffen, Lahn-Dill-Kreis from December 18, 1987 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1988 No. 3 , p. 182 , point 82 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6,8 MB ]).

literature

Web links

Commons : Bischoffen  - Collection of images