Offenbach District District

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The Offenbach district was a district in the Starkenburg province of the Grand Duchy of Hesse with its seat in Offenbach . Founded in 1823, it was merged in Offenbach in 1832 .

history

Emergence

In the course of the administrative reform in the Grand Duchy from 1820 to 1823, jurisdiction and administration were also separated at the lower level and the tasks of the traditional offices were reorganized in district districts (responsible for administration) and district court districts (responsible for jurisdiction). The Offenbach district was created from areas that belonged to the princes and counts of Isenburg and in which they held part of the sovereign rights. The state was only able to act to a limited extent here. While the reform could be carried out in 1821 in the areas of the Grand Duchy in which such rights of the aristocracy, which opposed the state monopoly of force , did not exist, it took until 1823 before the Offenbach district was established. He was educated

The district consisted of five places in the county of Isenburg-Birstein and the five in the county of Isenburg-Philippseich .

The court of first instance now required by the separation of administration and jurisdiction in the area that comprised the Offenbach district, was set up as Offenbach district court .

resolution

In the regional reform of 1832, the district councils were dissolved and merged into larger districts . Their layout was determined in a further regulation . The Offenbach district merged with the Seligenstadt district and parts of the Langen district in the new Offenbach district .

Inner organization

The district council was divided into 9 mayorships , which were subordinate to the district administrator. Several smaller towns were often administered by a mayor's office. Since 1822 the Hessian municipalities have been able to choose their mayors themselves and mayors were no longer used. The mayor's offices in the Offenbach district were:

  1. Bürgel
  2. Götzenhain
  3. Grove with Philippseich
  4. Muenster
  5. Neu-Isenburg
  6. Offenbach with the Wildhof
  7. Offenthal
  8. Sprendlingen with Gehespitz
  9. Urberach

Parallel specialist administrations

Finances

For the income from state property (the so-called domains ) there were the rent offices . The Seligenstadt Rent Office was responsible for the district .

The tax administration was separate from this. The Offenbach district administration was responsible for the district administration, which included all places and was part of the Darmstadt administration .

The places of the district belonged to two main customs offices. The main customs office in Offenbach was responsible for the places Offenbach, Bürge and Wildhof. While the main customs office in Neuisenburg was responsible for the places Götzenhain, Hain, Münster, Neuisenburg, Offenthal, Philippseich, Sprendlingen, Urberach, Gehespitz and Neuhof. On the Main Bridge in Offenbach a border secondary customs office II. Classe and a registration post were stationed.

Forest

The places of the district administration were assigned to different forests and forest districts. The locations Münster and Urberach the forest district Messel of Forst Darmstadt . The places Burgel and Offenbach the forest district Steinheim of Forst Seligenstadt . While the places Götzenhain, Hain, Neuisenburg, Offenthal, Philippseich and Sprendlingen did not belong to any forest district.

church

The church administration in the district consisted of the Lutheran Inspectorate Langen , to which the parishes of Götzenhain, Hain, Offenbach, Offenhal and Sprendlingen with Neuisenburg belonged. The Reformed Inspectorate Offenbach were the parishes of Neuisenburg, the German-Reformed community Offenbach, the French-Reformed community Offenbach, Philippseich with grove. The Catholic parish Bürgel was subordinate to the Rodgau rural chapter and the parish Münster belonged to the Dieburger rural chapter , while the Catholic parish Offenbach was not assigned to any rural chapter. The place Urberach was a branch of the Catholic parish of Oberroden. - »The churches and school supplies are taken care of by the Prince. Isenburg Consistory in Offenbach directly concerned «.

Historical description

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reported in 1829 about the Offenbach district:

The location and boundaries are described as: “The district does not form a closed whole, in that the town of Münster is separated from the main district by the district of Langen; Within the district lies the Graefenbruch farm belonging to the district of Seligenstadt. The district lies between 40 ° 58 'and 50 ° 8' north latitude, and between 26 ° 18 and 26 ° 29 east longitude. The borders are to the north: the area of ​​the free city of Frankfurt and the Main; to the east: the districts of Seligenstadt and Langen; towards the south and west: the district of Langen. "

The natural condition as: “a) Surface and soil: The western side from Sprendlingen to Offenbach is flat; the eastern part, on the other hand, consists of gentle hills, of which the Hexenberg , 899 Hess , situated on the eastern border . Feet (0.25 m) above the surface of the sea, the highest point. The soil on the western side is sandy and in some places barren. On the other hand, the soil is heavier and better, and on the northern side the earth is often very calcareous. b) Waters: 1) the Main; 2) the Gersprenz ; 3) the Goldbach ; 4) the Hengstbach. "

The population as: "This amounts to 16,484 souls, among these are 6355 Lutherans, 4355 Catholics 3961, Reformed and 1313 Jews, who together live in 2 cities and 8 villages, altogether 1645 houses."

The natural products as: “456 horses, 20 foals, 23 bulls, 143 oxen, 2432 cows, 485 cattle, 1600 pigs, 1848 sheep, 92 goats, 3 donkeys. Some wheat, grain, barley, husk and oats; all of these fruits are hardly adequately built. Potato, flax especially a lot to Munster; Forage herbs, some poppy seeds; many fruits. Spherical basalt near Offenthal and Götzenhein; mighty limestone deposits and quarries near Offenbach in the so-called Biegermark, weak camp between Götzenhain and Neuhof. Pottery and brick clay. "

Trade and trade as: “Agriculture, cattle breeding, factory and manufacturing, handicrafts. No other district has so many factories, factories and municipal trades. In addition to the factory and manufacturing establishments already mentioned under Offenbach, there are also: an oilcloth factory in Sprendlingen; Stocking weaving mills in Neuisenburg and Sprendlingen. The hammers in Urberach are well known . The proximity to Frankfurt is particularly favorable for the sale of economical products. Most of the factory products are exported and some are taken to the most distant countries. The district is cut through by the following roads: the road from Frankfurt to Baiern goes through Offenbach. The road from Frankfurt to Darmstadt runs through Neuisenburg and Sprendlingen. Sprendlingen is directly connected to Offenbach via a street. "

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Excluding Geinsheim , which left the Dreieichenhain office and was assigned to the Dornberg district and the Groß-Gerau district court . In 1826, with effect from January 1, 1827, the rights in Geinsheim von Isenburg were ceded to the state ( announcement, the cession of the Princely Isenburg civil rights with regard to justice and police violence on December 10, 1826. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. . 35, December 27, 1826, p. 337).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into district councils and district courts of July 14, 1821. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 33, July 20, 1821, pp. 403ff.
  2. ^ Ordinance on the new division of the Fürstlich Isenburgischen Standesbezirks concerning January 23, 1823. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 6, January 21, 1823, p. 54.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, p. 189 ff . ( Text archive - Internet Archive ).
  4. ^ Ordinance on the new division of the Fürstlich Isenburgischen Standesbezirks concerning January 23, 1823. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 6, January 21, 1823, p. 54.
  5. ↑ Art. 1 Edict, the organization of the government authorities subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior and Justice, relating to June 6, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 55 of July 4, 1832, pp. 365–376.
  6. ^ Ordinance on the formation of circles in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse on August 20, 1832. In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt , No. 74, September 5, 1832, pp. 561-563 (561).